List of Genocides, Cultural Genocides and Ethnic Cleansings under Islam: Difference between revisions

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|  || Traditional Berber religion || North Africa ||  || Arab Muslims ||  ||

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|  || Berber Christians ||  || Algeria || Umayyad Caliphate<ref>''The Disappearance of Christianity from North Africa in the Wake of the Rise of Islam'' C. J. Speel, II Church History, Vol. 29, No. 4 (Dec., 1960), pp. 379-397</ref> || 647-onwards ||

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|  || Dards || Kashmir and northern Pakistan || {{nameandflag|India}}, {{nameandflag|Pakistan}} || Arab invaders, Swat princely state || c. 700 AD and 1858-1969 ||Most Dards were converted to Islam<ref name="Inam-ur-Rahim, Alain M. Viaro">{{cite web|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=p_9tAAAAMAAJ&q=dard+people+swati&dq=dard+people+swati&lr=&cd=1|title = Swat: an Afghan society in Pakistan : urbanisation and change in tribal environment|publisher = City Press}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Minahan|first=James B.|title=Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia|publisher=ABC-CLIO|language=English |isbn=9781610690188|page=205|quote=Living in the high mountain valleys, the Nuristani retained their ancient culture and their religion, a form of ancient Hinduism with many customs and rituals developed locally. Certain deities were revered only by one tribe or community, but one deity was universally worshipped by all Nuristani as the Creator, the Hindu god Yama Raja, called ''imr'o'' or ''imra'' by the Nuristani tribes. Around 700 CE, Arab invaders swept through the region now known as Afghanistan, destroying or forcibly converting the population to their new Islamic religion. Refugees from the invaders fled into the higher valleys to escape the onslaught. In their mountain strongholds, the Nuristani escaped conversion conversion to Islam and retained their ancient religion and culture. The surrounding Muslim peoples used the name ''Kafir'', meaning "unbeliever"  or "infidel," to describe the independent Nuristani tribes and called their highland homeland Kafiristan.}}</ref>

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| || Hindus ||  || {{nameandflag|India}} || Various Muslim invaders and rulers || 1000-1525 || The Hindu population of India fell by an estimated 60 to 80 million in this period.<ref>Lal, K. S. ''Growth of Muslim Population in Medieval India(1000-1800)'' (1973) pp. 211–217.</ref><ref>''A History of Christianity in India: The Beginnings to AD 1707'', Cambridge University Press, p 528, Stephen Neill.</ref><ref>http://koenraadelst.bharatvani.org/books/negaind/ch2.htm</ref> Detailed analyses of this event and the casualties are rare.

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|  || Buddhists ||  || {{nameandflag|Maldives}} ||  || c. 1200s onwards ||

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|  || Maronites and Greek Orthodox Christians || Coast of the Levant || {{nameandflag|Lebanon}}, {{nameandflag|Syria}} || Mamluk Sultanate || 1300s ||These communities were expelled and their settlements were destroyed.<ref>Teule, Herman G. B. (2013). "Introduction: Constantinople and Granada, Christian-Muslim Interaction 1350-1516". In Thomas, David; Mallett, Alex. ''[https://books.google.co.in/books?id=dgy7SN3ZixsC&pg=PA11&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Christian-Muslim Relations. A Bibliographical History, Volume 5 (1350-1500)]''. p.11. Brill. ISBN 9789004252783.</ref>

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|  || Maronite Christians || Mount Lebanon || {{nameandflag|Lebanon}} || Ottoman Empire || 1915-1918 ||The Ottomans deliberately cut off food supplies to the Maronites in order to feed their military.<ref>Harris, William (2012). ''Lebanon: A History, 600–2011.'' Oxford University Press. pp. 173–179. ISBN 9780195181111.</ref>

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|  || Armenians ||  || {{nameandflag|Turkey}} || Ottoman Empire, Young Turks || 1915-1918 or 1923 ||An estimated 600,000–1,800,000 Armenians were systematically massacred.<ref>Göçek, Fatma Müge (2015). Denial of violence : Ottoman past, Turkish present and collective violence against the Armenians, 1789-2009. Oxford University Press. p. 1. ISBN 019933420X.</ref><ref>Auron, Yair (2000). ''[https://books.google.co.in/books?id=nnUR4hSTb8gC&pg=PA44&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false The banality of indifference: Zionism & the Armenian genocide]''. Transaction Publishers. p. 44. ISBN 978-0-7658-0881-3.</ref> The Turkish government currently denies the genocide. Considered the first modern genocide by scholars.

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|  || Jews || Mashhad, Barfurush || {{nameandflag|Iran}} ||  || 1839, 1867 || Mashhad witnessed forced conversions of Jews to Islam to avert a massarce. In Barfurush, Jews were massacred.<ref name= "Benny"/><ref>Patai, Raphael (1997). Jadid al-Islam: The Jewish "New Muslims" of Meshhed. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. ISBN 0-8143-2652-8.</ref>

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|  || [[w:Alevi|Alevi]] Kurds || Dersim || {{nameandflag|Turkey}} ||  || 1937-38 || 13,000-40,000 killed.<ref>David McDowall. ''A Modern History of the Kurds: Third Edition'' p. 209, I.B.Tauris, 2004. ISBN 1850434166.</ref>

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|  || Tibetans || Qinghai Province || {{nameandflag|China}} || Ma Bufang and his Muslim soldiers || 1932-41 ||The motive was ethnic cleansing of Tibetans and destruction of their culture, resulting in thousands of casualties.<ref>Rab-brtan-rdo-rje (Ñag-roṅ-pa.) (translated by Jamyang Norbu) (1979). Horseman in the snow: the story of Aten, an old Khampa warrior. Information Office, Central Tibetan Secretariat. p. 134.</ref><ref>Jamyang Norbu (1986). Warriors of Tibet: the story of Aten, and the Khampas' fight for the freedom of their country. Wisdom Publications. p. gbooks says 46, (the actual paper says 146). ISBN 0-86171-050-9.</ref><ref>Hsaio-ting Lin (1 January 2011). Tibet and Nationalist China's Frontier: Intrigues and Ethnopolitics, 1928-49. UBC Press. p. 113. ISBN 978-0-7748-5988-2.</ref><ref>David S. G. Goodman (2004). ''China's campaign to "Open up the West": national, provincial, and local perspectives''. Cambridge University Press. p. 72. ISBN 0-521-61349-3.</ref><ref>Bulag, Uradyn Erden (2002). ''Dilemmas The Mongols at China's edge: history and the politics of national unity''. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 54. ISBN 0-7425-1144-8.</ref>

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|  || Hindus ||  || {{nameandflag|Bangladesh}} ||  || 1947-present ||

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|  || Iraqi and Kurdish Jews ||  || {{nameandflag|Iraq}} ||  || 1950s-1969 || <ref>''Republic of fear: the politics of modern Iraq'' By Kanan Makiya, chapter 2 "A World of Fear", University of California 1998</ref>

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|  ||  Chakma, Marma, Tripuri and other indigenous people || Chittagong Hill Tracts || {{nameandflag|Bangladesh}} || Bangladeshi army and Muslim settlers || 1977-1997 ||<ref>Nagendra K. Singh (2003). Encyclopaedia of Bangladesh. Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd. pp. 222–223. ISBN 81-261-1390-1.</ref><ref>Shelley, Mizanur Rahman (1992). The Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh: The untold story. Centre for Development Research, Bangladesh. p. 129.</ref>

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|  || Kashmiri Pandits || Kashmir valley || {{nameandflag|India}} || Kashmiri Muslim mobs and Pakistani terrorists || 1989-2001 ||

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|  || Bantu people (Christians, Muslims and Traditional African religion) || Jubba Valley || {{nameandflag|Somalia}}  || Somali militias || 1991 onwards ||<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hornofafrica.ssrc.org/Besteman/ |title=Genocide in Somalia’s Jubba Valley and Somali Bantu Refugees in the U.S. |publisher=Social Science Research Council |author=Catherine L. Besteman |date=April 9 2007 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20160327033104/http://hornofafrica.ssrc.org/Besteman/ |deadurl=no}}</ref>

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|  || Christians ||  || {{nameandflag|Somalia}} || Al Shabab || 2005 onwards ||<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.economist.com/node/14707279 |title=Somalia's embattled Christians: Almost expunged |publisher=The Economist |author= |date= |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20160413054603/http://www.economist.com/node/14707279 |deadurl=no}}</ref>

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