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The '''Five Pillars of Islam''' (أركان الإسلام) is the term given to the five duties which are compulsory ([[Fard]]) for every Muslim. It is a set of beliefs specific to the [[Sunni]]s who belong to the mainstream, orthodox version of the religion.<ref>[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+af0060) "Sunni and Shia Islam"], Library of Congress Country Studies, accessed September 4, 2011.</ref> This concept is not found in the [[Qur'an]], but within the [[Sirat Rasul Allah|sirah]] and [[hadith]], without which four of the five [[Qur'an Only Islam - Why it is Not Possible#Five Pillars of Islam|pillars would not exist]]. | The '''Five Pillars of Islam''' (أركان الإسلام الخمسة, ''arkaan ul-islaam al-khamsa'') is the term given to the five duties which are compulsory ([[Fard]]) for every Muslim. It is a set of beliefs specific to the [[Sunni]]s who belong to the mainstream, orthodox version of the religion.<ref>[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+af0060) "Sunni and Shia Islam"], Library of Congress Country Studies, accessed September 4, 2011.</ref> This concept is not found in the [[Qur'an]], but within the [[Sirat Rasul Allah|sirah]] and [[hadith]], without which four of the five [[Qur'an Only Islam - Why it is Not Possible#Five Pillars of Islam|pillars would not exist]]. | ||
==Shahadah== | ==Shahadah== | ||
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[[Salah]] is the practice of formal [[prayers|prayer]] in Islam. It is a ritual prayer, having prescribed conditions, procedures, and times. It consists of five daily prayers: Fajr (dawn), Zuhr (noon), Asr (afternoon), Maghrib (evening), and Isha'a (night). Muslims must wash before prayer; this washing is called [[Ablution|wudu]] ("purification"). | [[Salah]] is the practice of formal [[prayers|prayer]] in Islam. It is a ritual prayer, having prescribed conditions, procedures, and times. It consists of five daily prayers: Fajr (dawn), Zuhr (noon), Asr (afternoon), Maghrib (evening), and Isha'a (night). Muslims must wash before prayer; this washing is called [[Ablution|wudu]] ("purification"). | ||
Even though it's called "a pillar of Islam", early Muslims didn't practice it. Muhammad started his religion in 610 and prayer became obligatory after Isra and Mi'raj<ref>https://islamqa.info/en/answers/145725/when-was-prayer-made-obligatory-how-did-the-muslims-pray-before-prayer-was-made-obligatory</ref> around the year 621. | |||
==Sawm== | ==Sawm== | ||
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[[Zakat]] is an obligatory [[taxes|tax]]<ref name="EBZT">{{cite web|url= http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/655448/zakat|title= zakat (Islamic tax)|publisher= Encyclopedia Britannica|author= |date= accessed November 16, 2013|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F655448%2Fzakat&date=2013-11-15|deadurl=no}}</ref> required of Muslims, amounting to about 2.5% of one's wealth over the course of a year. Under the [[Caliph|caliphates]], the collection and expenditure of zakat was a function of the state (this still remains the case in countries such as [[Saudi Arabia]]).<ref name="EBZT"></ref> [[Slavery|Slaves]] and horses owned by Muslims are exempt from this taxation,<ref>"''Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle said, "There is no Zakat either on a horse or a slave belonging to a Muslim"''" - {{Bukhari|2|24|542}}</ref><ref>"''Narrated Abu Huraira :- The Prophet said,"There is no Zakat either on a slave or on a horse belonging to a Muslim.''" - {{Bukhari|2|24|543}}</ref> and it is generally agreed that [[non-Muslims]] are not to benefit from the alms giving.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.islamicawakening.com/viewarticle.php?articleID=984|title= The way of giving Zakat al-Fitr in non-Islamic Lands|publisher= IslamicAwakening|author= Haytham bin Jawwad al-Haddad|series= Article ID: 984|date= November 20, 2002|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.islamicawakening.com/viewarticle.php?articleID=984&date=2011-05-09|deadurl=no}}</ref> | [[Zakat]] is an obligatory [[taxes|tax]]<ref name="EBZT">{{cite web|url= http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/655448/zakat|title= zakat (Islamic tax)|publisher= Encyclopedia Britannica|author= |date= accessed November 16, 2013|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F655448%2Fzakat&date=2013-11-15|deadurl=no}}</ref> required of Muslims, amounting to about 2.5% of one's wealth over the course of a year. Under the [[Caliph|caliphates]], the collection and expenditure of zakat was a function of the state (this still remains the case in countries such as [[Saudi Arabia]]).<ref name="EBZT"></ref> [[Slavery|Slaves]] and horses owned by Muslims are exempt from this taxation,<ref>"''Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle said, "There is no Zakat either on a horse or a slave belonging to a Muslim"''" - {{Bukhari|2|24|542}}</ref><ref>"''Narrated Abu Huraira :- The Prophet said,"There is no Zakat either on a slave or on a horse belonging to a Muslim.''" - {{Bukhari|2|24|543}}</ref> and it is generally agreed that [[non-Muslims]] are not to benefit from the alms giving.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.islamicawakening.com/viewarticle.php?articleID=984|title= The way of giving Zakat al-Fitr in non-Islamic Lands|publisher= IslamicAwakening|author= Haytham bin Jawwad al-Haddad|series= Article ID: 984|date= November 20, 2002|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.islamicawakening.com/viewarticle.php?articleID=984&date=2011-05-09|deadurl=no}}</ref> | ||
Zakat was enjoined second year after hijra. <ref>https://www.islamweb.net/ar/fatwa/20247/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A-%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B6%D8%AA-%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%A9</ref> | |||
==Hajj== | ==Hajj== | ||
The [[Hajj]] is a pilgrimage to the city of Mecca which every able-bodied Muslim is obliged to make at least once in their life.<ref name="Farah">Farah (1994), p.145-147</ref> The pilgrimage takes place on the 12<sup>th</sup> month of the Islamic calendar (Dhu al-Hijjah). The main rituals include walking seven times around the [[Kaaba|Ka'aba]], touching the [[Black Stone]], traveling seven times between Mount Safa and Mount Marwah, and symbolically stoning the Devil in Mina.<ref>Hoiberg (2000), p.237–238</ref> | The [[Hajj]] is a pilgrimage to the city of Mecca which every able-bodied Muslim is obliged to make at least once in their life.<ref name="Farah">Farah (1994), p.145-147</ref> The pilgrimage takes place on the 12<sup>th</sup> month of the Islamic calendar (Dhu al-Hijjah). The main rituals include walking seven times around the [[Kaaba|Ka'aba]], touching the [[Black Stone]], traveling seven times between Mount Safa and Mount Marwah, and symbolically stoning the Devil in Mina.<ref>Hoiberg (2000), p.237–238</ref> | ||
It's not clear when hajj was enjoined, but it was after the hijra according to most scholars. <ref>https://mawdoo3.com/%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A3%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AC</ref> | |||
==Jihad== | ==Jihad== | ||