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List of Killings Ordered or Supported by Muhammad: Difference between revisions

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The use of assassination to achieve political/religious goals has been important throughout the history of Arabia and [[Islam|Islamic]] expansion since the time of Muhammad.
The sirah maghaazi literature, early biographical literature produced by the Arabic tradition, portrays Muhammad as a warlord and statebuilder par excellence. Although it does portray him sometimes showing mercy to his opponents, just as often if not more so it portrays him as ordering the killings of transgressors against the divine law, political and religious enemies, personal enemies or threats to his person, and poets who made fun of him. The earliest biographers such as Ibn Ishaq are quite detailed in showing how the prophet did not suffer poetry against him and made a point of ordering the murder of such poets. As with the rest of the sira maghaazi literature many questions remain about the reliability of these accounts from the perspective of ''wie es eigentlich gewesen'' or "as it actually happened." This caution is found not only in academia, but also among Islamic modernists, as well as in the broader Islamic tradition, a perception which has filtered through to public awareness today. While sirah material was of interest in legal and exegetical contexts, classical hadith scholars considered the sirah genre to lack any sound methodology for authenticating isnads (chains of narration; indeed, in some cases no isnad is given at all).  


This list contains the results and reasons for the targeted killings and assassinations ordered or supported by Prophet [[Muhammad]], as well as the primary sources which mention these incidents.
In many cases, however, narrations in major hadith collections do briefly mention or allude to killings found in the sirah literature. Siraj Khan writes regarding traditional Islamic jurisprudence, "Many instances from the hadith corpus are cited in support of the punishment for blasphemy", giving examples such as Abu Rafi' and Ka'b ibn Ashraf. A handful of hadith were used to qualify the specific circumstances when blasphemy was punishable, in particular those narrating Muhammad's approval (as it was usually interpreted) of a blind man who killed his umm walad (concubine who bore him children) and a man who killed a Jewish woman, in both cases for insulting Muhammad.<ref>Siraj Khan. "Blasphemy against the Prophet", in Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture (editors: Coeli Fitzpatrick and Adam Hani Walker). ISBN 978-1610691772 pp. 62-63</ref><ref>These two killings involve a repeated topos as mentioned in the section below on modern scholarship.</ref> It is common even in modern times for Islamic scholars to discuss the legitimacy of blasphemy laws by citing the killings of poets and others who had insulted Muhammad,<ref>For example Iffat khalid & Shamana Munawar, [https://jiscnet.com/journals/jisc/Vol_3_No_1_June_2015/7.pdf Blasphemy law of Islam-Misconceptions and Fallacy], Journal of Islamic Studies and Culture (2015), Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 48-57 DOI: 10.15640/jisc.v3n1a7</ref> though there are also those who urge a more critical view of the sources as well as raising issues of legal methodology.<ref>For example the al-Mawrid institute of reformist scholars in Pakistan [https://www.al-mawrid.org/Question/60a204a3923f0b12074d877f/punishment-of-blasphemy-based-on-a-hadith-narrative Punishment of blasphemy based on a hadith narrative] - al-mawrid.org, August 2020</ref> What is not in doubt, though, is that these narratives, taken together as the sirah, have traditionally formed the most authoritative biographical source available on the life of the prophet.
==Modern/Secular Definitions==
===Assassination (or ''to assassinate'')===
{{Quote|1=[http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=assassination Princeton University - WordNet] & [http://www.wordreference.com/definition/assassination WordReference.com]|2=murder of a public figure by surprise attack}}{{Quote|1=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination Wikipedia - Assassination]|2=Assassination is the targeted killing of a public figure. Assassinations may be prompted by ideological, political, or military reasons. Additionally, assassins may be motivated by financial gain, revenge, personal public recognition, or mental illness.}}{{Quote|1=[http://www.thefreedictionary.com/assassination TheFreeDictionary.com]|2=To murder (a prominent person) by surprise attack, as for political reasons.}}{{Quote|1=[http://www.yourdictionary.com/assassination YourDictionary.com]|2=to murder (esp. a politically important or prominent person) by surprise attack, usually for payment or from zealous belief}}
===Murder===
{{Quote|1=[http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=murder Princeton University - WordNet]|2=kill intentionally and with premeditation}}{{Quote|1=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder Wikipedia - Murder]|2=Murder, as defined in common law countries, is the unlawful killing of another human being with intent (or malice aforethought), and generally this state of mind distinguishes murder from other forms of unlawful homicide.}}{{Quote|1=[http://www.thefreedictionary.com/murder TheFreeDictionary.com]|2=The unlawful killing of one human by another, especially with premeditated malice.}}{{Quote|1=[http://www.yourdictionary.com/murder YourDictionary.com]|2=the unlawful and malicious or premeditated killing of one human being by another; also, any killing done while committing some other felony, as rape or robbery}}
==Muhammad and his Companions==
===Pre-meditated murder and robbery===
{{Quote|1=[http://www.tafsir.com/default.asp?sid=2&tid=5727 Tafsir Ibn Kathir - The Nakhlah Military Maneuvers, and the Ruling on Fighting during the Sacred Months]|2=The Companions conferred among themselves. That day was the last day in the (sacred) month of Rajab. They said to each other, "By Allah! If you let them pass, they will soon enter the Sacred Area and take refuge in it from you. If you kill them, you will kill them during the Sacred Month." They at first hesitated and did not like to attack them. They then began encouraging themselves and decided to kill whomever they could among the disbelievers and to confiscate whatever they had. Hence, Waqid bin `Abdullah At-Tamimi shot an arrow at `Amr bin Al-Hadrami and killed him. `Uthman bin `Abdullah and Al-Hakam bin Kaysan gave themselves up, while Nawfal bin `Abdullah was able to outrun them in flight. Later on, `Abdullah bin Jahsh and his companions went back to Allah's Messenger in Al-Madinah with the caravan and the two prisoners.}}
===The murder of a public figure===


*Please see: the murder of Kab Ashraf and the murder of Abu Rafi.
==Views of modern scholarship==
Typically, academic scholars have doubts about the reliability of the sῑra literature and the maghāzī (raid, expedition) accounts therein. In a detailed analysis of protagonists, repeated motifs and textual devices, Ehsan Roohi has identified that several accounts of political assassinations in the sira literature may have been motivated by tribes seeking to glorify their ancestors, or for apologetic purposes to exonerate them or their tribe for having at one time resisted acceptance of Islam, in the latter case particularly those stories which involve assassins of Jewish descent or affiliation killing members of their own tribe or confederates for the sake of Muhammad and the new religion.<ref>Ehsan Roohi (2021) [https://www.academia.edu/56044561/Between_History_and_Ancestral_Lore_A_Literary_Approach_to_the_S%C4%ABras_Narratives_of_Political_Assassinations Between History and Ancestral Lore: A Literary Approach to the Sīra’s Narratives of Political Assassinations] Der Islam, Vol. 98 (2) doi:10.1515/islam-2021-0029</ref>
 
Of relevance to the list below, Roohi argues on the basis of repeated story and textual devices that the assassination of Ibn Abi al-Huqaiq was largely fabricated by the Khazraj tribe whom al-Tabari records desired to compete with the assassination by a rival Medinan tribe, al-Aws, of another blasphemous poet, Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf. The identities of the alleged assassins of Ka'b in turn have been argued to be concocted to whitewash their Jewish affiliations and sympathies, particularly in the case of Muhammad b. Maslama, who also is said to have beheaded the Jewish leader Kinana and participated in the killings of the Jewish poet Ibn Abi al-Huqaiq already mentioned and Jewish leader al-Yusayr mentioned below. The story of 'Asma' bint Marwan's murder by the blind Umayr employs a repeated motif of a blind man killing a female blasphemer, which occurs a second time later in the list below without named protagonists. Roohi also questions a few other assassination stories due to plausible motives to cast the alleged killers in a more favourable light or having transferred motifs: Ibn Sunayna (part of a trend to glorify his alledged assassin, Muhayyisa), Amr ibn Jihash (the hitman was allegedly hired by his cousin Ibn Yamin, who elsewhere is reported to have deplored the murder of Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf), Al-Yusayr ibn Rizam and Khalid ibn Sufyan (whose alleged murders by Unays include a number of transferable story motifs).
 
Regarding the stories as a whole, Roohi's view is that "if we tend not to go so far as to reject them as ex nihilo inventions, it may be safe at least to hold an agnostic view as to their historicity" and that it would be "prudent not to accept at face value" the image portrayed in the sira. On the other hand, while Roohi envisages that the above is the "tip of the iceberg" in terms of literary topoi (transferable motifs or formulae) used in the sira, critics would notice that the list of killings on this page is considerably more varied and extensive than the several cases for which he was able to identify specific grounds for suspicion.


==List of Killings==
==List of Killings==
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*{{Bukhari|4|52|264}}, {{Bukhari|5|59|370}}, {{Bukhari|5|59|371}}, {{Bukhari|5|59|372}} and more<ref>{{citation|title=The Sealed Nectar|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-ppPqzawIrIC&printsec=frontcover| first=Saifur Rahman Al|last=Mubarakpuri|year=2005|publisher=Darussalam Publications|page=204}}</ref>
*{{Bukhari|4|52|264}}, {{Bukhari|5|59|370}}, {{Bukhari|5|59|371}}, {{Bukhari|5|59|372}} and more<ref>{{citation|title=The Sealed Nectar|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-ppPqzawIrIC&printsec=frontcover| first=Saifur Rahman Al|last=Mubarakpuri|year=2005|publisher=Darussalam Publications|page=204}}</ref>
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref>Ibn Hisham, Ibn Ishaq, Alfred Guillaume (translator), The life of Muhammad: a translation of Isḥāq's Sīrat rasūl Allāh, p. 482. "THE KILLING OF SALLAM IBN ABU'L-HUQAYQ"</ref>
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref>Ibn Hisham, Ibn Ishaq, Alfred Guillaume (translator), The life of Muhammad: a translation of Isḥāq's Sīrat rasūl Allāh, p. 482. "THE KILLING OF SALLAM IBN ABU'L-HUQAYQ"</ref>
*Tabari, Volume 7, The foundation of the community<ref>{{citation|title=The foundation of the community|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ctvk-fdtklYC&pg=PA100|first=Al|last=Tabari |year=2008|publisher=State University of New York Press|isbn=978-0887063442|page=100}}</ref>
*Tabari, Volume 7, The foundation of the community<ref>{{citation|title=The foundation of the community|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ctvk-fdtklYC&pg=PA100|first=|last=al-Tabari |year=2008|publisher=State University of New York Press|isbn=978-0887063442|page=100}}</ref>
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|March 625<ref name="Muhammad at Medina">{{cite book|author=Watt, W. Montgomery|title=[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GfAGAQAAIAAJ Muhammad at Medina]|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1956|isbn=978-0195773071|page=34|quote=The expeditions to Hamra' al-Asad and Qatan (March and June 625)}} ([http://www.archive.org/details/muhammadatmedina029655mbp free online])</ref>
|March 625<ref name="Muhammad at Medina">{{cite book|author=Watt, W. Montgomery|title=[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GfAGAQAAIAAJ Muhammad at Medina]|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1956|isbn=978-0195773071|page=34|quote=The expeditions to Hamra' al-Asad and Qatan (March and June 625)}} ([http://www.archive.org/details/muhammadatmedina029655mbp free online])</ref>
   
   
|Behead Abu 'Azzah 'Amr bin 'Abd Allah al-Jumahi because he was a prisoner of War captured during the Invasion of Hamra al-Asad, that Muhammad released once, but he took up arms against him again<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 183">Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, p. 183. ([http://www.webcitation.org/60v0RdHwu online])</ref><ref name="Tabari 2008 141–142">{{citation|title=The foundation of the community|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ctvk-fdtklYC&pg=PA147|first=Al|last=Tabari |year=2008|publisher=State University of New York Press|isbn=978-0887063442|pages=141–142}} pp. 141-142</ref>
|Behead Abu 'Azzah 'Amr bin 'Abd Allah al-Jumahi because he was a prisoner of War captured during the Invasion of Hamra al-Asad, that Muhammad released once, but he took up arms against him again<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 183">Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, p. 183. ([http://www.webcitation.org/60v0RdHwu online])</ref><ref name="Tabari 2008 141–142">{{citation|title=The foundation of the community|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ctvk-fdtklYC&pg=PA147|first=|last=al-Tabari |year=2008|publisher=State University of New York Press|isbn=978-0887063442|pages=141–142}} pp. 141-142</ref>
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Abu 'Azzah beheaded by Ali<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 183" /><ref name="Tabari 2008 141–142" />
Abu 'Azzah beheaded by Ali<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 183" /><ref name="Tabari 2008 141–142" />
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*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad pp. 755-756" />
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad pp. 755-756" />
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|Amr ibn Jihash (convert to Islam)<ref name="Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman p. 44">Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman, Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz' 28 (Part 28): Al-Mujadila 1 to At-Tahrim 12 2nd Edition, p. 44. ([http://www.webcitation.org/61AAwJ3bW online])</ref>
|During the Invasion of Banu Nadir<ref name="Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman p. 44" /><br> (Aug 625)<ref>Tabari, The foundation of the community, p.161.</ref>
|According to Ibn Kathir and Ibn Ishaq, Muhammad said to Yamin bim Umayr, about Amr ibn Jash "Have you seen the way your cousin has treated me and what he proposed to do?"<ref name="Muhammad p. 438">Ibn Hisham, Ibn Ishaq, Alfred Guillaume (translator), The life of Muhammad: a translation of Isḥāq’s Sīrat rasūl Allāh, p. 438.</ref><ref name="Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman p. 44"></ref> Muhammad accused him of trying to assassinate him<ref>Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman, Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz' 28 (Part 28): Al-Mujadila 1 to At-Tahrim 12 2nd Edition, p. 43. ([http://www.webcitation.org/61AAwJ3bW online])</ref>
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Amr ibn Jihash is assassinated after a Muslim offers a reward for his killing<ref name="Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman p. 44"></ref>
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*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad p. 438" />
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|Abu Sufyan
|Abu Sufyan
|627<ref name="Abū Khalīl 2003 242">{{cite book|last=Abū Khalīl|first=Shawqī |title=[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=8BziirH6UKMC&pg=PA242 Atlas of the Quran]|publisher= Dar-us-Salam|year=2003|isbn=978-9960897547|page=242}}</ref>
|627<ref name="Abū Khalīl 2003 242">{{cite book|last=Abū Khalīl|first=Shawqī |title=[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=8BziirH6UKMC&pg=PA242 Atlas of the Quran]|publisher= Dar-us-Salam|year=2003|isbn=978-9960897547|page=242}}</ref>
   
   
|Amr bin Umayyah al-Damri sent to assassinate Abu Sufyan (Quraysh leader)<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 211">Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, p. 211. ([http://www.webcitation.org/60v1IUE4A online])</ref><ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 211" />
|Amr bin Umayyah al-Damri sent to assassinate Abu Sufyan (Quraysh leader)<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 211">Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, p. 211. ([http://www.webcitation.org/60v1IUE4A online])</ref><ref name="TabariVol7p147">{{citation|title=The foundation of the community|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ctvk-fdtklYC&pg=PA147|first=|last=al-Tabari |year=2008|publisher=State University of New York Press|isbn=978-0887063442|page=147}}</ref>
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3 polytheists killed by Muslims<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 211" />
Mission is a failure but 3 polytheists are killed by Muslims<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 211" />
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*Tabari, Volume 7, The foundation of the community<ref>{{citation|title=The foundation of the community|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ctvk-fdtklYC&pg=PA147|first=Al|last=Tabari |year=2008|publisher=State University of New York Press|isbn=978-0887063442|page=147}}</ref>
*Tabari, Volume 7, The foundation of the community<ref name="TabariVol7p147" />
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| style="background: #FFD4D4;" |Banu Qurayza tribe
| style="background: #FFD4D4;" |Banu Qurayza tribe
|February–March 627<ref>{{citation|title= The life of Mahomet|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=QyIPouT4DqcC&printsec=frontcover| authors=William Muir|publisher=Kessinger Publishing|year=2003|isbn=9780766177413|page=317}}</ref>
|February–March 627<ref>{{citation|title= The life of Mahomet|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=QyIPouT4DqcC&printsec=frontcover| authors=William Muir|publisher=Kessinger Publishing|year=2003|isbn=9780766177413|page=317}}</ref>
   
   
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Attack Banu Qurayza because according to Muslim tradition he had been ordered to do so by the angel Gabriel.<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar pp. 201-205">Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, pp. 201-205. ([http://www.webcitation.org/60wWxNMpU online])</ref><ref name="Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz'21">{{citation|title=Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz'21|url= http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=jAHs9Wboz4gC&pg=PA213| authors=Ibn Kathir, Saed Abdul-Rahman |year=2009|publisher= MSA Publication Limited |pages=213|isbn= 9781861796110}}([http://www.tafsir.com/default.asp?sid=33&tid=41539 online])</ref><ref>Ibn Hisham, Ibn Ishaq, Alfred Guillaume (translator), The life of Muhammad: a translation of Isḥāq’s Sīrat rasūl Allāh, pp. 461-464.</ref><ref name="Peters223">Peters, ''Muhammad and the Origins of Islam'', p. 222-224.</ref><ref name="Stillman140">Stillman, The Jews of Arab Lands: A History and Source Book, pp. 137-141.</ref><ref name="Inamdar">{{citation|title=Muhammad and the Rise of Islam: The Creation of Group Identity|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=PNDXAAAAMAAJ&q|authors=Subhash C. Inamdar|year=2001|publisher=Psychosocial Press|isbn=1887841288|page=166 (footnotes)}}</ref>  One of Muhammad's companions decided that "the men should be killed, the property divided, and the women and children taken as captives". Muhammad approved of the ruling, calling it similar to God's judgment,<ref name="Peters223" /><ref name="Stillman140" /><ref name="Oxford University Press">{{citation|title=The Life of Muhammad (Sirat Rasul Allah)|author= Ibn Ishaq, A. Guillaume (translator)|isbn= 978-0-19-636033-1 |year=2002|publisher= Oxford University Press|pages=461–464}} pp. 461–464.</ref><ref name="Adil">Adil, ''Muhammad: The Messenger of Islam'', p. 395f.</ref><ref name="The life of Mahomet">{{citation|title= The life of Mahomet| url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=QyIPouT4DqcC&printsec=frontcover| author= William Muir|publisher=Kessinger Publishing| year=2003| isbn=9780766177413|page=329}}</ref> after which all male members of the tribe who had reached puberty were beheaded<ref name="Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz'21" /><ref name="Kister 1990 p. 54">Kister (1990), Society and religion from Jāhiliyya to Islam, p. 54.</ref>
Attack Banu Qurayza because according to Muslim tradition he had been ordered to do so by the angel Gabriel after they had helped the Meccans at the Battle of the Trench.<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar pp. 201-205">Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, pp. 201-205. ([http://www.webcitation.org/60wWxNMpU online])</ref><ref name="Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz'21">{{citation|title=Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz'21|url= http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=jAHs9Wboz4gC&pg=PA213| authors=Ibn Kathir, Saed Abdul-Rahman |year=2009|publisher= MSA Publication Limited |pages=213|isbn= 9781861796110}}([http://www.tafsir.com/default.asp?sid=33&tid=41539 online])</ref><ref>Ibn Hisham, Ibn Ishaq, Alfred Guillaume (translator), The life of Muhammad: a translation of Isḥāq’s Sīrat rasūl Allāh, pp. 461-464.</ref><ref name="Peters223">Peters, ''Muhammad and the Origins of Islam'', p. 222-224.</ref><ref name="Stillman140">Stillman, The Jews of Arab Lands: A History and Source Book, pp. 137-141.</ref><ref name="Inamdar">{{citation|title=Muhammad and the Rise of Islam: The Creation of Group Identity|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=PNDXAAAAMAAJ&q|authors=Subhash C. Inamdar|year=2001|publisher=Psychosocial Press|isbn=1887841288|page=166 (footnotes)}}</ref>  One of Muhammad's companions decided that "the men should be killed, the property divided, and the women and children taken as captives". Muhammad approved of the ruling, calling it similar to God's judgment,<ref name="Peters223" /><ref name="Stillman140" /><ref name="Oxford University Press">{{citation|title=The Life of Muhammad (Sirat Rasul Allah)|author= Ibn Ishaq, A. Guillaume (translator)|isbn= 978-0-19-636033-1 |year=2002|publisher= Oxford University Press|pages=461–464}} pp. 461–464.</ref><ref name="Adil">Adil, ''Muhammad: The Messenger of Islam'', p. 395f.</ref><ref name="The life of Mahomet">{{citation|title= The life of Mahomet| url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=QyIPouT4DqcC&printsec=frontcover| author= William Muir|publisher=Kessinger Publishing| year=2003| isbn=9780766177413|page=329}}</ref> after which all male members of the tribe who had reached puberty were beheaded<ref name="Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz'21" /><ref name="Kister 1990 p. 54">Kister (1990), Society and religion from Jāhiliyya to Islam, p. 54.</ref>
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Muslims: 2 killed<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar pp. 201-205" /><BR>Non-Muslims:
Muslims: 2 killed<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar pp. 201-205" /><BR>Non-Muslims:
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*Tabari, Volume 8, Victory of Islam<ref>{{citation|title= Volume 8, Victory of Islam|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=sD8_ePcl1UoC&dq| authors=Al Tabari, Michael Fishbein  (translator)|year=1997|publisher= State University of New York Press |isbn=9780791431504|pages=35–36}} pp. 35–36.</ref>
*Tabari, Volume 8, Victory of Islam<ref>{{citation|title= Volume 8, Victory of Islam|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=sD8_ePcl1UoC&dq| authors=Al Tabari, Michael Fishbein  (translator)|year=1997|publisher= State University of New York Press |isbn=9780791431504|pages=35–36}} pp. 35–36.</ref>
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|Unknown laughing woman from Banu Qurayza tribe.
|February–March 627<ref>{{citation|title= The life of Mahomet|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=QyIPouT4DqcC&printsec=frontcover| authors=William Muir|publisher=Kessinger Publishing|year=2003|isbn=9780766177413|page=317}}</ref>
|The woman was conversing with A'isha and laughing, as her men were killed by Muhammad in the market. Suddenly someone called her and told that she will be killed, because of something she did (threw the millstone on Khallad b. Suwayd and killed him). She was then taken away and beheaded. A'isha used to say, "I shall never forget my wonder at her good spirits, gladness and her loud laughter when all the time she knew that she would be killed"
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Woman was then taken away and beheaded.
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*Ibn Hisham, Ibn Ishaq, Alfred Guillaume (translator), The life of Muhammad: a translation of Isḥāq's Sīrat rasūl Allāh, pp. 465, 765<ref>Ibn Hisham, Ibn Ishaq, Alfred Guillaume (translator), The life of Muhammad: a translation of Isḥāq's Sīrat rasūl Allāh, pp. 465, 765.</ref>
*Abd Al Malik Ibn Hisham - The Prophetic Biography (Sirah Of Ibnu Hisham) - 1st Edition - DKI, pp. 467-468<ref>Abd Al Malik Ibn Hisham - The Prophetic Biography (Sirah Of Ibnu Hisham) - 1st Edition - DKI, pp. 466-468</ref>
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|Abdullah ibn Ubayy
|Abdullah ibn Ubayy
|December 627<ref name="Abū Khalīl 2003 242" /><br>(during Invasion of Banu Mustaliq<ref>Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, p. 208-210. ([http://www.webcitation.org/60wabZqtW online])</ref> )
|December 627<ref name="Abū Khalīl 2003 242" /><br>(during Invasion of Banu Mustaliq<ref>Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar, p. 208-210. ([http://www.webcitation.org/60wabZqtW online])</ref> )
Line 187: Line 202:
*Ibn Hisham, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 210" />
*Ibn Hisham, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Mubarakpuri, The Sealed Nectar p. 210" />
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |14
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |16
|Al-Yusayr ibn Rizam
|Al-Yusayr ibn Rizam
|February 628<ref name="Abū Khalīl 2003 242" />
|February 628<ref name="Abū Khalīl 2003 242" />
Line 198: Line 213:
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref>{{cite book|authors=Ibn Hisham, Ibn Ishaq, Alfred Guillaume (translator)|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=w7tuAAAAMAAJ&q|title=The life of Muhammad: a translation of Isḥāq's Sīrat rasūl Allāh|year=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=665|quote=Abdullah b. Rawaha's raid to kill al-Yusayr b. Rizam}}</ref>
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref>{{cite book|authors=Ibn Hisham, Ibn Ishaq, Alfred Guillaume (translator)|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=w7tuAAAAMAAJ&q|title=The life of Muhammad: a translation of Isḥāq's Sīrat rasūl Allāh|year=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=665|quote=Abdullah b. Rawaha's raid to kill al-Yusayr b. Rizam}}</ref>
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |15
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |17
| style="background: #B6B6E3;" |Eight men from 'Ukil
| style="background: #B6B6E3;" |Eight men from 'Ukil
|February 628<ref name="Abū Khalīl 2003 242" />
|February 628<ref name="Abū Khalīl 2003 242" />
Line 209: Line 224:
*{{Bukhari|1|4|234}}, {{Bukhari|5|59|505}}, {{Bukhari|7|71|623}} and more
*{{Bukhari|1|4|234}}, {{Bukhari|5|59|505}}, {{Bukhari|7|71|623}} and more
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |16
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |18
|'''Kinana ibn al-Rabi ibn Abu al-Huqayq'''
|July 628<ref>Ibn Hisham, Ibn Ishaq, Alfred Guillaume (translator), The life of Muhammad: a translation of Isḥāq's Sīrat rasūl Allāh, pp. 755, 763.</ref>
| style="background: #D4F4FF;" |Torture Kinana ibn al-Rabi to find location of allegedly hidden treasure of Banu Nadir<ref name="Mubarakpuri 1996 p. 372">Mubarakpuri (1996), The sealed nectar: biography of the Noble Prophet, p. 372.</ref><ref name="Watt W Montgomery 218">{{cite book|author=Watt, W. Montgomery|title=[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GfAGAQAAIAAJ Muhammad at Medina]|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1956|isbn=978-0195773071|page=218}} ([http://www.archive.org/details/muhammadatmedina029655mbp free online])</ref>
|
Kinana ibn al-Rabi ibn Abu al-Huqayq beheaded after being tortured with fire<ref name="Mubarakpuri 1996 p. 372" /><ref name="Watt W Montgomery 218">{{cite book|author=Watt, W. Montgomery|title=[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GfAGAQAAIAAJ Muhammad at Medina]|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1956|isbn=978-0195773071|page=218}} ([http://www.archive.org/details/muhammadatmedina029655mbp free online])</ref>
|
*{{abudawud|19|3000}}
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref>Ibn Hisham, Ibn Ishaq, Alfred Guillaume (translator). 1956. The life of Muhammad: a translation of Isḥāq’s Sīrat rasūl Allāh, p.515</ref>
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |19
|Rifa’ah bin Qays
|Rifa’ah bin Qays
|629<ref>{{citation|title=The last years of the Prophet|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=XxG8BsHNw-MC&pg=PA123|authors=Al Tabari, Isma'il Qurban Husayn (translator)|year=25 Sep 1990|publisher=State University of New York Press
|629<ref>{{citation|title=The last years of the Prophet|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=XxG8BsHNw-MC&pg=PA123|authors=Al Tabari, Isma'il Qurban Husayn (translator)|year=25 Sep 1990|publisher=State University of New York Press
Line 222: Line 247:
*Tabari, Volume 8, History of Islam<ref name="Volume 8, Victory of Islam" />
*Tabari, Volume 8, History of Islam<ref name="Volume 8, Victory of Islam" />
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |17
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |20
|Abdullah bin Khatal
|Abdullah bin Khatal
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333">{{citation|title=Muhammad: a prophet for all humanity|url= http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=k8xyO3fQkccC&pg=PT327
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333">{{citation|title=Muhammad: a prophet for all humanity|url= http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=k8xyO3fQkccC&pg=PT327
Line 234: Line 259:
*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref name="Sa'd 1967 174">{{cite book|last=Sa'd|first=Ibn|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_vnXAAAAMAAJ&q|title= Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2|year=1967|publisher=Pakistan Historical Society|asin=B0007JAWMK|page=174}}</ref>
*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref name="Sa'd 1967 174">{{cite book|last=Sa'd|first=Ibn|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_vnXAAAAMAAJ&q|title= Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2|year=1967|publisher=Pakistan Historical Society|asin=B0007JAWMK|page=174}}</ref>
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |18
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |21
| style="background: #FFD4D4;" |'''Fartana'''
| style="background: #FFD4D4;" |'''Fartana'''
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" /><ref name="Hussain Haykal p. 440">Hussain Haykal, The Life of Mohammed, p. 440.</ref>
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" /><ref name="Hussain Haykal p. 440">Hussain Haykal, The Life of Mohammed, p. 440.</ref>
Line 248: Line 273:
*Al-Waqidi, Kitab al-Maghazi<ref name="Waqidi p406">The Life of Muhammad: Al-Waqidi's Kitab al-Maghazi (Routledge Studies in Classical Islam). Faizer, Rizwi [Editor]. Routledge p.406</ref>
*Al-Waqidi, Kitab al-Maghazi<ref name="Waqidi p406">The Life of Muhammad: Al-Waqidi's Kitab al-Maghazi (Routledge Studies in Classical Islam). Faizer, Rizwi [Editor]. Routledge p.406</ref>
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |19
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |22
| style="background: #FFD4D4;" |'''Quraybah'''
| style="background: #FFD4D4;" |'''Quraybah'''
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
Line 262: Line 287:
*Al-Waqidi, Kitab al-Maghazi<ref name="Waqidi p406" />
*Al-Waqidi, Kitab al-Maghazi<ref name="Waqidi p406" />
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |20
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |23
|Huwayrith ibn Nafidh
|Huwayrith ibn Nafidh
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
Line 271: Line 296:
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad p. 551" />
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad p. 551" />
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |21
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |24
| style="background: #B6B6E3;" |Miqyas ibn Subabah
| style="background: #B6B6E3;" |Miqyas ibn Subabah
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
Line 280: Line 305:
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad p. 551" />
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad p. 551" />
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |22
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |25
| style="background: #FFD4D4;" |'''Sara'''
| style="background: #FFD4D4;" |'''Sara'''
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
Line 294: Line 319:
*Tabari, Volume 8, History of Islam<ref name="books.google.com" />
*Tabari, Volume 8, History of Islam<ref name="books.google.com" />
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |23
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |26
|Harith ibn Hisham
|Harith ibn Hisham
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
Line 304: Line 329:
*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref name="Sa'd 1967 179" />
*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref name="Sa'd 1967 179" />
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |24
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |27
|Zubayr ibn Abi Umayyah
|Zubayr ibn Abi Umayyah
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
Line 313: Line 338:
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad p. 551" />
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad p. 551" />
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |25
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |28
|'''al-Aswad al-Ansi'''
|'''al-Aswad al-Ansi'''
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
Line 324: Line 349:
*Tabari, Volume 9, The last years of the Prophet<ref name="The last years of the Prophet" />
*Tabari, Volume 9, The last years of the Prophet<ref name="The last years of the Prophet" />
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |26
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |29
|Ikrimah ibn Abu Jahl
|Ikrimah ibn Abu Jahl
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
Line 338: Line 363:
*Tabari, Volume 8, History of Islam<ref name="http" />
*Tabari, Volume 8, History of Islam<ref name="http" />
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |27
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |30
|Wahshi ibn Harb
|Wahshi ibn Harb
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
Line 347: Line 372:
*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref name="Ibn Sa'd p. 179" />
*Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Volume 2<ref name="Ibn Sa'd p. 179" />
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |28
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |31
|'''Ka'b ibn Zuhayr ibn Abi Sulama'''
|'''Ka'b ibn Zuhayr ibn Abi Sulama'''
|After Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
|After Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
Line 356: Line 381:
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad p. 597-601" />
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad p. 597-601" />
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |29
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |32
|'''Al-Harith bin al-Talatil'''
|'''Al-Harith bin al-Talatil'''
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
Line 365: Line 390:
*Ibn Kathir's Sira al-Nabawiyya<ref name="Umar Ibn Kathīr p. 57" />
*Ibn Kathir's Sira al-Nabawiyya<ref name="Umar Ibn Kathīr p. 57" />
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |30
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |33
|'''Abdullah ibn Ziba'ra'''
|'''Abdullah ibn Ziba'ra'''
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
Line 376: Line 401:
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Hisham p597" />
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Hisham p597" />
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |31
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |34
|'''Hubayrah'''
|'''Hubayrah'''
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
Line 388: Line 413:
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Hisham p597" />
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Hisham p597" />
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |32
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |35
| style="background: #FFD4D4;" |Hind bint Utbah
| style="background: #FFD4D4;" |Hind bint Utbah
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<br>(Jan 630)<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
Line 398: Line 423:
*Tabari, Volume 8, History of Islam<ref name="Tabari, Michael Fishbein p. 181" />
*Tabari, Volume 8, History of Islam<ref name="Tabari, Michael Fishbein p. 181" />
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #E3E3B6;" |33
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |36
|Amr ibn Jihash (convert to Islam)<ref name="Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman p. 44">Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman, Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz' 28 (Part 28): Al-Mujadila 1 to At-Tahrim 12 2nd Edition, p. 44. ([http://www.webcitation.org/61AAwJ3bW online])</ref>
|During the Invasion of Banu Nadir<ref name="Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman p. 44" /><br> (Aug 625)<ref>Tabari, The foundation of the community, p.161.</ref>
|According to Ibn Kathir and Ibn Ishaq, Muhammad said to Yamin bim Umayr, about Amr ibn Jash "Have you seen the way your cousin has treated me and what he proposed to do?"<ref name="Muhammad p. 438">Ibn Hisham, Ibn Ishaq, Alfred Guillaume (translator), The life of Muhammad: a translation of Isḥāq’s Sīrat rasūl Allāh, p. 438.</ref><ref name="Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman p. 44"></ref> Muhammad accused him of trying to assassinate him<ref>Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman, Tafsir Ibn Kathir Juz' 28 (Part 28): Al-Mujadila 1 to At-Tahrim 12 2nd Edition, p. 43. ([http://www.webcitation.org/61AAwJ3bW online])</ref>
|
Amr ibn Jihash is assassinated after a Muslim offers a reward for his killing<ref name="Muhammad Saed Abdul-Rahman p. 44"></ref>
|
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref name="Muhammad p. 438" />
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |34
|'''King or Prince of Dumatul Jandal'''
|'''King or Prince of Dumatul Jandal'''
|October 630<ref>{{cite book|last=Abu Khalil|first=Shawqi|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=mZmBkoDa9fcC&printsec=frontcover|title=Atlas of the Prophet's biography: places, nations, landmarks|date=1 March 2004|publisher=Dar-us-Salam|isbn=978-9960897714|page=239}}</ref>
|October 630<ref>{{cite book|last=Abu Khalil|first=Shawqi|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=mZmBkoDa9fcC&printsec=frontcover|title=Atlas of the Prophet's biography: places, nations, landmarks|date=1 March 2004|publisher=Dar-us-Salam|isbn=978-9960897714|page=239}}</ref>
Line 419: Line 435:
*Tabari, Volume 9, The last years of the Prophet<ref name="books.google.co.uk" />
*Tabari, Volume 9, The last years of the Prophet<ref name="books.google.co.uk" />
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |35
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |37
|Umaiya bin Khalaf Abi Safwan
|Umaiya bin Khalaf Abi Safwan
|Unknown
|Unknown
Line 428: Line 444:
*{{Bukhari|4|56|826}}
*{{Bukhari|4|56|826}}
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #E3E3B6;" |36
! style="background: #E3E3B6;" |38
| style="background: #FFD4D4;" |'''Blind man's wife/concubine'''
| style="background: #FFD4D4;" |'''Blind man's umm walad (concubine who bore him children)'''
|Unknown
|Unknown
| style="background: #DEFFD4;" |Killed by a Muslim on his own initiative because the woman insulted Muhammad. When Muhammad learned what had happened he said no retaliation is payable for her blood.<ref name="617AvlDgL">[http://www.webcitation.org/617AvlDgL Ruling on one who insults the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)], Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 22809</ref><ref name="Abudawud 38 4348">{{Abudawud|38|4348}}</ref>
| style="background: #DEFFD4;" |Killed by a Muslim on his own initiative because the woman insulted Muhammad. When Muhammad learned what had happened he said no retaliation is payable for her blood.<ref name="617AvlDgL">[http://www.webcitation.org/617AvlDgL Ruling on one who insults the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)], Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 22809</ref><ref name="Abudawud 38 4348">{{Abudawud|38|4348}}</ref>
|
|
Blind Muslim kills his wife/concubine<ref name="617AvlDgL">[http://www.webcitation.org/617AvlDgL Ruling on one who insults the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)], Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 22809</ref><ref name="Abudawud 38 4348" />
Blind Muslim kills his umm walad<ref name="617AvlDgL">[http://www.webcitation.org/617AvlDgL Ruling on one who insults the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)], Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 22809</ref><ref name="Abudawud 38 4348" />
|
|
*{{abudawud|38|4348}}
*{{abudawud|38|4348}}
*{{Al Nasai||5|37|4075}}
*{{Al Nasai||5|37|4075}}
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |37
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |39
|Ibn Sunayna
|Ibn Sunayna
|Unknown
|Unknown
Line 448: Line 464:
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref>Ibn Hisham, Ibn Ishaq, Alfred Guillaume (translator), The life of Muhammad: a translation of Isḥāq's Sīrat rasūl Allāh, p. 369.</ref>
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref>Ibn Hisham, Ibn Ishaq, Alfred Guillaume (translator), The life of Muhammad: a translation of Isḥāq's Sīrat rasūl Allāh, p. 369.</ref>
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |38
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |40
| style="background: #B6B6E3;" |'''Abdallah ibn Sa'd ibn Abi Sarh'''
| style="background: #B6B6E3;" |'''Abdallah ibn Sa'd ibn Abi Sarh'''
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
|During/after Conquest of Mecca<ref name="Wahid 327-333" />
Line 460: Line 476:
*Al-Tabari, History Vol.9<ref name="Tabari ibn Sarh" />
*Al-Tabari, History Vol.9<ref name="Tabari ibn Sarh" />
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #E3E3B6;" |39
! style="background: #E3E3B6;" |41
|'''Ibn an-Nawwahah'''
|'''Ibn an-Nawwahah'''
|Unknown
|Unknown
Line 468: Line 484:
|
|
*{{abudawud|14|2756}}
*{{abudawud|14|2756}}
*Tabari, Volume 10, Conquest of Arabia<ref>{{citation|title=The conquest of Arabia|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=VA5Uke7IpHkC&pg=PA16|first=Al|last=Tabari|year=1993|publisher=State University of New York Press
*Tabari, Volume 10, Conquest of Arabia<ref>{{citation|title=The conquest of Arabia|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=VA5Uke7IpHkC&pg=PA16|first=|last=al-Tabari|year=1993|publisher=State University of New York Press
|isbn=978-0791410714|page=107}}</ref>
|isbn=978-0791410714|page=107}}</ref>
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |40
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |42
|Nameless spy
|Nameless spy
|Unknown
|Unknown
Line 480: Line 496:
*{{Bukhari|4|52|286}}
*{{Bukhari|4|52|286}}
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |41
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |43
|Man from Aslam tribe
|Man from Aslam tribe
|Unknown
|Unknown
Line 489: Line 505:
*{{Abudawud|38|4414}}
*{{Abudawud|38|4414}}
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |42
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |44
|'''Kinana ibn al-Rabi ibn Abu al-Huqayq'''
|July 628<ref>Ibn Hisham, Ibn Ishaq, Alfred Guillaume (translator), The life of Muhammad: a translation of Isḥāq's Sīrat rasūl Allāh, pp. 755, 763.</ref>
| style="background: #D4F4FF;" |Torture Kinana ibn al-Rabi to find location of allegedly hidden treasure of Banu Nadir<ref name="Mubarakpuri 1996 p. 372">Mubarakpuri (1996), The sealed nectar: biography of the Noble Prophet, p. 372.</ref><ref name="Watt W Montgomery 218">{{cite book|author=Watt, W. Montgomery|title=[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GfAGAQAAIAAJ Muhammad at Medina]|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1956|isbn=978-0195773071|page=218}} ([http://www.archive.org/details/muhammadatmedina029655mbp free online])</ref>
|
Kinana ibn al-Rabi ibn Abu al-Huqayq beheaded after being tortured with fire<ref name="Mubarakpuri 1996 p. 372" /><ref name="Watt W Montgomery 218">{{cite book|author=Watt, W. Montgomery|title=[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GfAGAQAAIAAJ Muhammad at Medina]|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1956|isbn=978-0195773071|page=218}} ([http://www.archive.org/details/muhammadatmedina029655mbp free online])</ref>
|
*{{abudawud|19|3000}}
*Ibn Hisham & Ibn Ishaq, Sirat Rasul Allah<ref>Ibn Hisham, Ibn Ishaq, Alfred Guillaume (translator). 1956. The life of Muhammad: a translation of Isḥāq’s Sīrat rasūl Allāh, p.515</ref>
|-<!-- New row starts here -->
! style="background: #EEEEEE;" |43
|'''Bahilah and Banu Khath'am tribes'''
|'''Bahilah and Banu Khath'am tribes'''
|632
|632
Line 509: Line 515:
*Hisham ibn al Kalbi, [https://books.google.com/books?id=G4HXAAAAMAAJ The Book of Idols]<ref name="Hisham ibn al kalbi" />
*Hisham ibn al Kalbi, [https://books.google.com/books?id=G4HXAAAAMAAJ The Book of Idols]<ref name="Hisham ibn al kalbi" />
|}<BR><BR>
|}<BR><BR>
==See Also==
{{Hub4|Muhammad|Muhammad}}
{{Template:Translation-links-english|[[Списък с убийствата, заповядани или подкрепени от Мухаммад|Bulgarian]], [[Seznam vrazd narizenych nebo podporovanych Mohamedem|Czech]], [[Lista di Uccisioni Ordinati o Sotenuti da Maometto|Italian]], [[Lista de asesinatos ordenados o apoyados por Mahoma|Spanish]]}}


==External Links==
==External Links==


*[{{Reference archive|1=http://www.masud.co.uk/ISLAM/misc/alshifa/pt4ch1sec2.htm|2=2012-08-25}} The proof of the necessity of killing anyone who curses the Prophet or finds fault with him] ''- Muslim website''
*[{{Reference archive|1=http://www.masud.co.uk/ISLAM/misc/alshifa/pt4ch1sec2.htm|2=2012-08-25}} The proof of the necessity of killing anyone who curses the Prophet or finds fault with him] ''- Muslim website''
*[{{Reference archive|1=http://www.reddit.com/r/exmuslim/comments/tql65/full_rejoinder_to_balqis_rebuttal_of_wikiislam/|2=2012-09-10}} Full rejoinder to Balqis' rebuttal of WikiIslam Assassination List] ''- r/exmuslim user responds to objections raised by apologists''


==Main Sources==
==Main Sources==
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