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Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Characteristics of Non-Muslims: Difference between revisions
Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Characteristics of Non-Muslims (view source)
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The Qur'an, as elsewhere noted, has much to say about the non-believers. It also has a rich and almost entirely negative vocabulary to describe them. They deaf, dumb, and blind, the "worst of creatures." They are proud and stubborn in their defiance of Allah and his apostle. Overall, the impression one gets of these people from the Qur'an is intensively negative and their terrible fate in the fire more well-deserved. Some of these negative verses in context refer to specific groups such as those who broke treaties or have oppressed the believers. Other verses are blanket statements about those who disbelieve, for example {{Quran|7|177}}, {{Quran|18|57}}, {{Quran|29|49}}, {{Quran|98|6}}. Muhammad's message had been mocked and rejected by the majority of the Meccans, where he and his followers were persecuted and driven out. | |||
Occasionally the Quran is more conciliatory, notably {{Quran|60|8}} which was traditionally revealed before the conquest of Mecca and according to tradition involved relatively little killing after their leader Abu Sufyan saved himself by seeking Muhammad's forgiveness and accepted Islam. Those verses indicate that some non-Muslims do not have the characteristic of oppressiveness and may be worthy of love, just dealing and friendship. Sometimes non-Muslims are described in only mildly negative ways, such as {{Quran|9|6}} which grants refuge to mushrikeen who seek it "for they are people who do not know". | |||
==Qur'an== | ==Qur'an== | ||
===Friendship and kindness towards those who were not oppressors=== | |||
{{Main|Relationships with non-Muslims in Islamic Law}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran-range|60|7|9}}|It may be that Allah will ordain love between you and those of them with whom ye are at enmity. Allah is Mighty, and Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. Allah forbiddeth you not those who warred not against you on account of religion and drove you not out from your homes, that ye should show them kindness and deal justly with them. Lo! Allah loveth the just dealers. Allah forbiddeth you only those who warred against you on account of religion and have driven you out from your homes and helped to drive you out, that ye make friends of them. Whosoever maketh friends of them - (All) such are wrong-doers.}} | |||
===Non-Muslims are Arrogant and Divided=== | ===Non-Muslims are Arrogant and Divided=== | ||
{{Quote|{{Quran|38|2}}|Nay, but those who disbelieve are in false pride and schism.}} | {{Quote|{{Quran|38|2}}|Nay, but those who disbelieve are in false pride and schism.}} | ||
===Non-Muslims are Close-Minded=== | ===Non-Muslims are Close-Minded=== | ||
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{{quote | {{cite quran|2|9|end=10|style=ref}} | | {{quote | {{cite quran|2|9|end=10|style=ref}} | | ||
They desire to deceive Allah and those who believe, and they deceive only themselves and they do not perceive.<BR> | They desire to deceive Allah and those who believe, and they deceive only themselves and they do not perceive.<BR> | ||
There is a disease in their hearts, so Allah added to their disease and they shall have a painful chastisement because they}} | There is a disease in their hearts, so Allah added to their disease and they shall have a painful chastisement because they lie. }} | ||
{{quote | {{cite quran|47|23|end=24|style=ref}} | | {{quote | {{cite quran|47|23|end=24|style=ref}} |Such are the men whom Allah has cursed for He has made them deaf and blinded their sight.<BR> | ||
Such are the men whom Allah has cursed for He has made them deaf and blinded their sight.<BR> | |||
Do they not then earnestly seek to understand the Qur'an, or are their hearts locked up by them? }} | Do they not then earnestly seek to understand the Qur'an, or are their hearts locked up by them? }} | ||
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{{Quote|{{Quran|2|171}}|The likeness of those who disbelieve is as the likeness of one who shouts to that which hears nothing, save a call and a cry; deaf, dumb, blind -- they do not understand.}} | {{Quote|{{Quran|2|171}}|The likeness of those who disbelieve is as the likeness of one who shouts to that which hears nothing, save a call and a cry; deaf, dumb, blind -- they do not understand.}} | ||
===Non-Muslims are Evil=== | ===Non-Muslims are Evil=== | ||
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{{Quote|{{Quran|2|96}}|And you will most certainly find them the greediest of men for life (greedier) than even those who are polytheists; every one of them loves that he should be granted a life of a thousand years, and his being granted a long life will in no way remove him further off from the chastisement, and Allah sees what they do.}} | {{Quote|{{Quran|2|96}}|And you will most certainly find them the greediest of men for life (greedier) than even those who are polytheists; every one of them loves that he should be granted a life of a thousand years, and his being granted a long life will in no way remove him further off from the chastisement, and Allah sees what they do.}} | ||
===Non-Muslims are Like Animals=== | ===Non-Muslims are Like Animals=== | ||
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{{Quote|{{Quran|25|44}}|Or thinkest thou that most of them listen or understand? They are only like cattle; - nay, they are worse astray in Path.}} | {{Quote|{{Quran|25|44}}|Or thinkest thou that most of them listen or understand? They are only like cattle; - nay, they are worse astray in Path.}} | ||
===Non-Muslims are Perverse=== | ===Non-Muslims are Perverse=== | ||
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{{Quote|{{Quran|63|4}}|When thou lookest at them, their exteriors please thee; and when they speak, thou listenest to their words. They are as (worthless as hollow) pieces of timber propped up, (unable to stand on their own). They think that every cry is against them. They are the enemies; so beware of them. The curse of Allah be on them! How are they deluded (away from the Truth)!}} | {{Quote|{{Quran|63|4}}|When thou lookest at them, their exteriors please thee; and when they speak, thou listenest to their words. They are as (worthless as hollow) pieces of timber propped up, (unable to stand on their own). They think that every cry is against them. They are the enemies; so beware of them. The curse of Allah be on them! How are they deluded (away from the Truth)!}} | ||
===Non-Muslims are Unclean=== | ===Non-Muslims are Unclean=== | ||
{{Quote|{{Quran|9|28}}|O ye who believe! Truly the Pagans are unclean; so let them not, after this year of theirs, approach the Sacred Mosque. And if ye fear poverty, soon will Allah enrich you, if He wills, out of His bounty, for Allah is All-knowing, All-wise.}} | {{Quote|{{Quran|9|28}}|O ye who believe! Truly the Pagans are unclean; so let them not, after this year of theirs, approach the Sacred Mosque. And if ye fear poverty, soon will Allah enrich you, if He wills, out of His bounty, for Allah is All-knowing, All-wise.}} | ||
===Non-Muslims are Unintelligent=== | ===Non-Muslims are Unintelligent=== | ||
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===Non-Muslims are the Worst of Creatures=== | ===Non-Muslims are the Worst of Creatures=== | ||
{{Quote|{{Quran|8|22}}| | {{Quote|{{Quran|8|22}}|Indeed, the worst of living creatures in the sight of Allah are the deaf and dumb who do not use reason.}} | ||
{{Quote|{{Quran|98|6}}|Verily those who believe not, among those who have received the scriptures, and among the idolaters, [shall be cast] into the fire of hell, to remain therein [for ever]. These are the worst of creatures.}} | {{Quote|{{Quran|98|6}}|Verily those who believe not, among those who have received the scriptures, and among the idolaters, [shall be cast] into the fire of hell, to remain therein [for ever]. These are the worst of creatures.}} | ||
{{Quran-range|8|55|56}} is a often quoted as a similar verse, but explicitly concerns treaty breakers. | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
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[[Category:QHS]] | [[Category:QHS]] | ||
[[Category:Kafir (infidel)]] | |||
[[Category:People of the Book]] | |||
[[ar:القرآن_والحديث_والعلماء:_خصائص_غير_المسلمين]] | |||