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<metadesc>Muhammad’s Wives and Consorts portal summary</metadesc> |title=Muhammad’s Wives and Consorts

...rophets. These special privileges were a sign of Allah's divine favor upon his appointed apostle. ==Allah "hastens in fulfilling your wishes and desires"==

...rophets. These special privileges were a sign of Allah's divine favor upon his appointed apostle. ==Allah "hastens in fulfilling your wishes and desires"==

...ed that "Prophet Muhammad married most of his wives for political reasons" and that "He only married so many women at one time out of political necessity. ...more than one wife at a time. If [[Muhammad]] could not see any way around his political problems except [[Polygamy in Islamic Law|polygamy]], that simply

..., Arabia (present-day Saudi Arabia)|title=Mother of the Believers|spouse=[[Muhammad ibn Abdullah]]|relations=[[Abu Bakr Abdullah ibn Uthman]],<br>Umm Ruman|oth ...with my saliva."<ref>{{Bukhari|7|62|144|}}</ref> As with all of Muhammad's wives, she is given the title "Mother of the Believers", which derives from a ver

...am. (1878). The Life of Mahomet, New Edition. (p. 392) London:Smith, Elder and Co.]</ref> ==Torture and Beheading of Kinana==

...f Muhammad when he refused to marry his little daughter Fatima to Abu Bakr and Umar. ...َّهَا صَغِيرَةٌ, ''inna-haa sagheera'') Then 'Ali proposed marriage to her and he married her to him."

...:Muhammad on deathbed.jpg|thumb|330px|right|An illustration of Muhammad on his deathbed. Taken from the book Jami' al-Tawarikh (also known as The Universa ...nlikely."<ref>Stephen Shoemaker, "Death of a Prophet", p. 301 footnotes 72 and 75.</ref>

|title=Qur'an, Hadith, and Scholars |description=WikiIslam portal for articles about Qur'an, Hadith, and Scholars pages

The [[Shias]] add one verse about Ali and they utter the last sentence 2 times. ...testify that Muhammad is a messenger of Allah||Muslim today testify about Muhammad.

...riel and the righteous among the believers; and furthermore the angels are his helpers.}} ...honey." Hisham said: It also meant his saying, "I will not drink anymore, and I have taken an oath, so do not inform anybody of that '|See also: {{bukhar

...tion from traditional and critical perspectives on the beliefs, practices, and development of Islam. ...tion from traditional and critical perspectives on the beliefs, practices, and development of Islam”

...(successors of the successors). These three generations (sahaba, tabi'un, and tabu' al-tabi'een are said to comprise the [[Salaf al-Salih (Pious Predeces ...tably, for Shi'ites, [[Aisha]], [[Abu Bakr Abdullah ibn Uthman|Abu Bakr]], and [[Umar ibn Al-Khattab|Umar]] do not make the cut).

...prophet. Before being abrogated with a regime of equal punishments for men and women, a pair of Quran verses specified special punishments for transgressi ===Beating your Wives is Allowed===

...mous with the Holy Spirit, even though the term was only used in Christian and Jewish literature to refer to god himself. Jibreel is named three times in the Qur'an, 2:97-98 and 66:4

...warfare, where attacking women is endorsed by the example of the prophet, and the [[hudud]], which specify special punishments for transgressions of fema ===Beating your Wives is Allowed===

...mb|319x319px|Early painting depicting Ali's wedding to his cousin Fatimah (Muhammad's daughter).]] ...oughout Islamic history<ref>Goody, Marriage and the Family in Europe</ref> and remain so in Muslim-majority nations today, comprising a significant percen

...arge of women, because Allah hath made the one of them to excel the other, and ''because they spend of their property (for the support of women)''. So goo So while Islamic inheritance law stopped the practice of inheriting widows and guaranteed female heirs a share of their deceased male relatives' estates,

...eir fathers, then (they are) your brethren in the faith, and your clients. And there is no sin for you in the mistakes that ye make unintentionally, but w ...o call Zaid bin Haritha the freed slave of Allah's Apostle except Zaid bin Muhammad till the Qu'anic Verse was revealed: "Call them (adopted sons) by (the name

...Philosophers"), through which he critiqued Aristotelianism in particular, and philosophy more generally, ushering, many would argue, the decline of philo ...s, in 1085. His success in this profession and resulting prominence led to his appointment at the prestigious Nizamiyya madrasa in Baghdad in 1091.

===Did Muhammad see Allah?=== ...llah says: 'No vision can grasp Him.' (6.103) And if anyone tells you that Muhammad has seen the Unseen, he is a liar, for Allah says: 'None has the knowledge

...in Islamic scriptures have found near-universal assent in the Muslim world and comprise a fundamental part of the Islamic self-identity. ...encountered with his wives and extended family shaped at times indirectly and at times directly the religious message he would be reported as having left

...ore Islam to the version of it that was practiced by Muhammad's companions and immediate successors. ...ons of Muhammad's successors from someone who preceded them, such as, say, Muhammad himself.

...them in secret, when I am Best Aware of what ye hide and what ye proclaim? And whosoever doeth it among you, he verily hath strayed from the right way.}} ...and what could tell you, perhaps Allah looked at those who witnessed Badr and said, "O the people of Badr (i.e. Badr Muslim warriors), do what you like,

==Muhammad and Polygamy== ...om him.’ She went back to the Prophet and asked him to revoke the marriage and he complied with [her request]''...." - al Tabari vol.9 p.139</ref> He was

...ion]] of [[Qur'an]] 4:129 and evidence in the [[Sahih]] [[hadith|ahadith]] and from [[Islam|Islamic]] scholars as to the true meaning. ...t you leave her as it were in suspense; and if you effect a reconciliation and guard (against evil), then surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful." }}

...hen adding], "If Allah wills." And remember your Lord when you forget [it] and say, "Perhaps my Lord will guide me to what is nearer than this to right co ...hands. The phrase has also developed a connotation of positive expectation and is most frequently used to express hope rather than simple uncertainty abou

...r all humans to follow at all times, regardless of historical circumstance and independent of culture. ...ved in, exceeding even their contemporaries' expectations of human cruelty and viciousness.

...o the mujahid, including providing forgiveness for the sins of his family, and guarantees him 72 hour al-'ayn (sex nymphs) for all eternity. ...o his dwelling place, whence he has come out, with what he gains of reward and booty."}}

...to Muhammad in the form of the Quran, according to the hadith literature, Muhammad would sometimes assert he had received a message from [[Allah (God)|God]] w ...in fact spiritually, legally, or theologically instructive in some manner and thus God is entirely justified to include them in the Quran.

...efore ejaculation. Al-'Azl with female captives and slaves as well as with wives was an important topic for the earliest generations of Muslims as evidenced ===Practiced during Muhammad's lifetime===

...o the mujahid, including providing forgiveness for the sins of his family, and guarantees him 72 hour al-'ayn (sex nymphs) for all eternity. ...o his dwelling place, whence he has come out, with what he gains of reward and booty."}}

...to Prophet [[Muhammad]] when she was six years old and that he consummated his marriage with her when she was nine [[Islamic Lunar Calendar|lunar years]] ...s concerning [[Aisha|Aisha's]] marriage to Muhammad, in order to show that Muhammad did in fact have [[Sex|sexual intercourse]] with Aisha when she was nine ye

...Semerdjian |first1=Elyse |title="Off the Straight Path": Illicit Sex, Law, and Community in Ottoman Aleppo |date=2008 |publisher=Syracuse University Press #His wife

...ught of the ancient Mediterranean world in the 7th century in which Jewish and Greek thought was in circulation. ...out the verses pertaining to the creation of Adam and the fetal gestation and development of the human body in the Quran.

...while she was "preoccupied with [Muhammad's] death", "a tame sheep came in and ate" the scrap of paper upon which the verse of "breastfeeding an adult" wa ...sister), the female does not have to observe all the requirements of hijab and is permitted to be alone with a male.

...s scholars and [[Dawah|du'aah]] claim that Islam is not 'unjust' to women, and counter that woman can also obtain separation from her husband 'through the *In Khul', a woman has to offer money to her husb<nowiki/>and in exchange for the dissolution of the marriage.

...sive]".</ref> that according to [[Islam]], [[People of the Book|Christians and Jews]] who adhere to their faiths will enter [[Heaven|Paradise]] alongside ...d inclusive of other faiths, as it seems to suggest that Christians, Jews, and Muslims will all be admitted to paradise.

...whole process, its location and various stages are clearly not understood and only guessed at. Despite modern claims of the miraculous nature of [[Embryo ...hand; and fear Allah. And know that ye are to meet Him (in the Hereafter), and give (these) good tidings to those who believe.}}

...his angels, all of the adult men of the tribe were beheaded and the women and children sold into slavery. For more info, see [[The Massacre of the Banu Q ..., Allah's Apostle mentioned for me both his parents saying, "Let my father and mother be sacrificed for you."' }}{{Quote|{{Bukhari|4|52|68}}, See Also: {{

...epresentations of Islamic Scripture|misinterpretation]] of [[Qur'an]] 4:3, and evidence provided in the [[sahih]] [[hadith|ahadith]] as to the true meanin ...towards orphans, then marry such women as seem good to you, two and three and four; but if you fear that you will not do justice (between them), then (ma

...traditions of Islam have [[Fiqh|formulated]] their opinions on this matter and the general consensus is that the practice of free-mixing is a crime punish This Qur'anic verse is cited by scholars who argue that free-mixing and socialization between the sexes is prohibited:

...mself never struck a woman and narrations claiming that the instruction in his farewell sermon referred to taping with a siwak (toothbrush stick). ...ll-conduct''', admonish them (first), (Next), refuse to share their beds, (And last) '''beat them''' (lightly); but if they return to obedience, seek not

...distance. Whereas Islamic law was formulated in the harsh, unpredictable, and austere environment of 7th-9th century Arabia, modern Human rights doctrine .... On occasion, the scriptures diverge from this standard, inclusive usage, and comment specifically on men or women. The perspective taken by Islamic scri

...law, as shown through the [[Islam and Scripture|Islamic texts]] themselves and the rulings of [[fiqh]], is to compensate the woman for the privilege of co ...t for a mahr in temporary "marriages", the statements of Prophet Muhammad, and the fact that a mahr cannot be taken back (except under extenuating circums

...y of imperial violence, a smaller minority that also of domestic violence, and yet smaller minority that of civil violence, the overwhelming majority of I ==Muhammad==

...|24|3}}|The adulterer shall not marry save an adulteress or an idolatress, and the adulteress none shall marry save an adulterer or an idolater. All that ...nd adulterer or an idolater." He called me and recited this (verse) to me, and said: Do not marry her.}}

...e contains summaries of articles discussing the relationship between Islam and the People of the Book. ...ts so that they may inform the people of his will, what he wants from them and what they must do for him in order to be saved from eternal damnation.

...elling of the speech]] which omits this injunction is a recent fabrication and not part of the attested classical tradition. ...afat. This area located in Saudi Arabia was, and still is, considered holy and even today non-Muslims are forbidden from entering.

...s disagree with the traditional interpretations that require head covering and many Muslim women choose not to do so, as discussed below. ...ss requirements for believing women in general were to prevent molestation and for purposes of modesty.

...g the marriage]]. It is an essential part of the Islamic marriage contract and an Islamic marriage is not valid in the absence of a mahr. Numerous Islamic ...hat you have given them'''', unless they are guilty of manifest indecency, and treat them kindly; then if you hate them, it may be that you dislike a thin

...t least a lack of protest). Reports of Muhammad's marriage to Aisha and of his companions marrying off their minor daughters played a role in some jurist ...rced Marriage Initiative]</ref> There are also government agencies who can and should be contacted when someone is at risk of forced marriage. Some charit

...ongst his wives. They also agree that he passed away in the arms of Aisha, his most beloved wife. ...ly have seized him by the right hand, then We would certainly have cut off his aorta.}}

...contract, Islamic law generally permitted a girl to live with her husband and consummate the marriage when she could tolerate intercourse without physica ...ww.mwnuk.co.uk/Forced_Marriage_7_factsheets.php Muslim Women's Network UK] and [https://preventforcedmarriage.org/forced-marriage-overseas-pakistan/ Tahir

...g the marriage]]. It is an essential part of the Islamic marriage contract and an Islamic marriage is not valid in the absence of a mahr. Numerous Islamic ...hat you have given them'''', unless they are guilty of manifest indecency, and treat them kindly; then if you hate them, it may be that you dislike a thin

...ongst his wives. They also agree that he passed away in the arms of Aisha, his most beloved wife. ...ly have seized him by the right hand, then We would certainly have cut off his aorta.}}

...Nonetheless, the Shariah serves as a foundation, at times comprehensively and other times nominally, for numerous Muslim-majority nations. Where Muslims ...e is explicit instruction on a legal matter in scripture deemed authentic, and differ where there isn't.

...bah when the Ka'bah had been destroyed and rebuilt by the Meccans prior to Muhammad's proclamation of prophethood. ...personalnarrati03burtgoog Personal narrative of a pilgrimage to El-Madinah and Meccah] - G. P. Putnam & Co., p. 394</ref><ref>Francis E. Peters (1994) - [

...nd new husband (including torturing her husband in order to find his gold) and profoundly possessed by the conviction that he was a prophet of [[Allah (Go ==Story of Her Capture and Marriage to Muhammad==

...ecompense for those who do that among you except disgrace in worldly life; and on the Day of Resurrection they will be sent back to the severest of punish ...slamic theologians hold God to be omnipotent and omniscient above all else and, as a result, have at times been willing to straightforwardly profess that

...was [[List of Killings Ordered or Supported by Muhammad|assassinated]] by his former student Glen Cusford Francis (a.k.a. Benjamin Philips), a traditiona ==Personal life, education, and career==

...her husband in order to find his gold), and had earlier killed her father, and profoundly possessed by the conviction that he was a prophet of [[Allah (Go ==Story of Her Capture and Marriage to Muhammad==

...e orphans, marry of the women, who seem good to you, two or three or four; and if ye fear that ye cannot do justice (to so many) then one (only) or (the c ..., concerning The orphan girls to whom You give not the prescribed portions and yet whom you Desire to marry..." (4.127)

...ous".<ref>Jonathan A. C. Brown, ''Slavery & Islam'', Chapter 7: Concubines and consent, London: Oneworld Publications, 2019.<BR /> ...e traditional sources compare her concubinage to that of Hajar to Ibrahim, and the son that Mariyah bore was named Ibrahim. According to classical Islamic

...oran après la mort de Muhammad, indiquant qu'il n'avait pas été abrogé par Muhammad de son vivant. Le rapport de Sunan Abu Dawud se poursuit avec Aïcha, l'ép ...s in his heart will disappear. '''She returned and said: So I suckled him, and what (was there) in the heart of Abu Hudhaifa disappeared'''.|}}

...und in modern Salafism, while the most relaxed attitude is found in Sufism and Shi'a Islam. ...dies amongst those people they would build a place of worship at his grave and make these pictures in it. They will be the worst creature in the sight of

...er 18, 1965) is an Indian apologist for [[Islam]]. He travels extensively and has been featured at many Islamic conferences. ...also makes arguments based off of his understanding a philosophical logic and the comparative study of other religions vis-a-vis Islam.

...g the majority of authors, he only knew Muhammad during the latter part of his life: at most he knew the prophet for 4 years before the latter's death. ...e became the governor of Bahrain during the reign of ‘Umar Ibn al-Khattâb, and he subsequently abandoned the post then became emir of Madinah under the ca

...he actual North and South poles). Critics argue that such impracticalities and impossibly lengthy periods result from the very limited geographical knowle ==Concessions and fatwas==

...use the sexual advances of their husbands. As such, the rape of slaves and wives is not considered unlawful in [[Islamic law]]. Almost to emphasise the poin ...They are a hurt and a pollution: So keep away from women in their courses, and do not approach them until they are clean. '''But when they have purified t

...slam in the deeply patriarchal culture of tribal 7th-century Arabia, where and when these ideas found ample precedent. ...lved value of female testimony in a Sharia court compared to that of a man and the doctrine that the majority of Hell's inhabitants are women.

...ed diacritics and super scripted notations to indicate the missing letters and sounds that are to be pronounced. ...consonantal text of the Quran seems to contain grammatical inconsistencies and mistakes. In such cases, the qira'at sometimes differ from each other when

[[File:Coptic and Jewish Badges.jpg|thumb|right|230px|Left: Yellow badge made mandatory by th ...lt.asp?sid=9&tid=20986 Tafsir ibn Kathir - Paying Jizyah is a Sign of Kufr and Disgrace]</ref>

{{Quote|{{Quran-wi|2|115}}|Unto Allah belong the East and the West, and whithersoever ye turn, there is Allah's Countenance. Lo! Allah is All-Embra ...le coming from Mecca to Medina, in whatever direction his face had turned; and its was (in this context) that this verse was revealed:" So whether you tur

..., pp. 194-6</ref> Manuscripts purported to be the original letters sent by Muhammad are known to be forgeries.<ref>See this [https://twitter.com/PhDniX/status/ ...mmad]] to Heraclius, emperor of Byzantium.<ref>Khan, Dr. Majid Ali (1998). Muhammad The Final Messenger. Islamic Book Service, New Delhi, 110002 (India). ISBN

...s and prophethood. Sex, even lawful sex, is still ritually unclean though, and the believers are required to engage in [[ghusl|ritual cleansing]] before t Narrated by Zuhair Ibn Harb, narrated by Ghasan Al-Masma’i, narrated by Muhammad Ibn Al-Mathny, narrated by Ibn Bashar, who said that it was narrated by Mua

...r the clear marks of early sectarian influence, hagiographic idealization, and the competing fancies of early scholars of [[Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence)|I ...two most authoritative, sahih collections of hadith are [[Sahih Bukhari]] and [[Sahih Muslim]].

...ngrateful to Allah)?" He replied, "They are not thankful to their husbands and are ungrateful for the favors done to them. Even if you do good to one of t ...nam''''' (جهنم) is the [[Arabic]] language equivalent of the word [[Hell]] and is used in Islam to refer to the eternal abode of fiery torment, or the spe

...t, she was given a pre-eminent place amongst the companions of the prophet and in the [[Isnad|isnads]] of the [[hadith]] she plays a pivotal role as the o ...been shown to me twice in my dream. I saw you pictured on a piece of silk and some-one said (to me). 'This is your wife.' When I uncovered the picture, I

...e or blatantly break gender norms are also condemned both by the tradition and the scholars. {{Main|Islam and Homosexuality}}

====English-Arabic Dictionary: For the Use of Both Travellers and Students==== ...is J. Steingass, English-Arabic Dictionary: For the Use of Both Travellers and Students, W.H. Allen, 1882|“COITION mujama’a-t; '''nikah'''; nik.”

...t, she was given a pre-eminent place amongst the companions of the prophet and in the [[Isnad|isnads]] of the [[hadith]] she plays a pivotal role as the o ==Aisha's Relation to Muhammad==

...uslim world (though persists illegally in a few places such as Mauritania) and is considered no longer permissable in the modern context by most Islamic s ...They are a hurt and a pollution: So keep away from women in their courses, and do not approach them until they are clean. '''But when they have purified t

...es]] en [[Shari'ah (Islamic Law)|droit islamique]] exigent que les [[Islam and Women|femmes]] musulmanes qui ont atteint l'âge de la majorité observent ...t. Un récit suggère que le verset sur le hijab qui concerne les épouses de Muhammad était le résultat de la pression d’[[Umar ibn al-Khattab|Omar]], qui s�

..., first-world variety which likely holds to modern notions of human rights and liberalism. ...ely, given their knowledge and skill) mistranslated the most controversial and problematic verses in Qur'an. That these inaccurate translations are most c

[[Category:Muhammad]] ...ray Muhammad as a typical Arab battle commander, very concerned with booty and driven by the need to acquire more of it.

| name = Muhammad | birth_name = Muhammad ibn Abdullah

...n because they were widows, elderly, or otherwise destitute and in need of his aide. ...to these terms. The “elderly” group would refer to those brides between 28 and 40 while the “middle-aged” group would mean the teenagers.

[[Category:Muhammad]] ...ray Muhammad as a typical Arab battle commander, very concerned with booty and driven by the need to acquire more of it.

...gether this material is taken to be the prophet's [[Sunnah]] or tradition, and along with the Qur'an it is considered by the authorities of the Sunni Isla ==Qur'an, Hadith and Sunnah==

...lavery. The event is well attested to in the Islamic historical tradition, and has served as the basis for multiple rulings throughout history dealing wit ...the trench worked to win the battle against the Meccans and their allies, and the confederates were beaten back without many casualties for the Muslims,

...bn Ishaq]]. These sources imparts to their readers many ideas, attributes, and habits of the prophet, all of which are held up by the ulemaa' as model beh ...وة حسنة, ''uswa hasana'') for him who looketh unto Allah and the Last Day, and remembereth Allah much.}}

...<ref>Shaykh Gibril Haddad - [http://www.webcitation.org/64zXNO08I How Many Wives Will The Believers Have In Paradise?] - SunniPath, Question ID:4828, July 3 ...idens of Paradise; and [6] he shall be granted to intercede for seventy of his relatives.”}}

[[Category:Islam and Science]] ...also predict modern science. Criticism of these ideas has been widespread and has even come from Muslim scholars themselves.

...in the Qur'an]]). Some critics point to this as a failure of the Quran and Muhammad to provide clarity on such an important matter. ...Quran|17|106}}</ref> During those years, a lot had changed in his personal and private life.

...y made illegal throughout the Muslim world in the 19th and 20th centuries, and is now considered forbidden in the modern context by most scholars, though {{Quote|{{Quran|16|71}}|And Allah hath favored some of you above others in provision. Now those who are

...be due to their supposed intellectual deficiency, which was pronounced by Muhammad according to Sahih Bukhari. ...uran and hadiths as a repository of regulations to be applied at all times and places.<ref>Ibid. pp. 153-157</ref>

...</ref> The Quran provides a physical and personal description of the houri and denotes them as awards to believers. A [[hadith]] graded [[Sahih]] (authent ...m] will marry seventy [sic] houris, besides the women he married on earth, and all will have appetizing vaginas.''" - Al-Suyuti, Al-Itqan fi Ulum al-Qur'a

| style="width: 40%"| <div style="text-align:center;">[[Ages of Muhammads Wives at Marriage]]</div> | style="width: 40%"| <div style="text-align:center;">[[Ahl al-Bayt (Muhammad's Household)]]</div>

...such as Abu Bakr, the tradition is also quite explicit about the fact that Muhammad was very fond of women. The tradition also imputes impressive sexual prowre ...nd Sa'id said on the authority of Qatada that Anas had told him about nine wives only (not eleven).}}