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...ns son analyse sur les [[Asbab al-Nuzul (Revelational Circumstances of the Quran)|circonstances derrière la révélation]] de ces versets, même si les had ...u hijab à travers l’histoire et la modernité.<ref>Elizabeth Bucar (2012) ''The Islamic Veil (Le Voile Islamique)'', Oxford: Oneworld Publications</ref> So

...ent that "jihad fi sabil allah" "Jihad-warfare on the path of god" against the unbelievers [[Jihad_as_Obligation_(Fard)|is a duty]] incumbent upon all abl ==Jihad in the Qur'an and Sunnah==

...tion of this idea include the [[Apologists|apologists]] [[Zakir Naik]] and the Saudi-financed surgeon [[Bucailleism|Dr. Maurice Bucaille]]. ...in which mountains were supposedly formed and Allah having cast them into the earth.

...prophet, all of which are held up by the ulemaa' as model behavior for all of mankind. ...example''' (أسوة حسنة, ''uswa hasana'') for him who looketh unto Allah and the Last Day, and remembereth Allah much.}}

.... However, the Quran also clarifies a number of other scenarios in verse {{Quran|65|4}}, including that there is also a 3 month waiting period for "those wh ...ation has been interrupted (for example, due to illness) and interpret the Quran as sanctioning marriage only with those who have reached puberty.

...ran upon discovery. Critics also maintain that there is no instance in the Quran where a scientific subject has been described with sufficient clarity, spec ...accessible to individuals living in the harsh, arid, and rocky environment of early 7th century Arabia.

...y on men or women. The perspective taken by Islamic scriptures on women is of special interest in recent times due to frequent collision with modern valu ...l, and physical autonomy. According to Islamic legal theory, while not all of Islamic law necessarily has a perceptibly rational basis, legal restriction

...cle providing a comprehensive examination of the different interpretations of [[Qur'an]] 18:86 and 18:90. ...that the sun sets and rises in physical locations, and in particular that the sun sets in a muddy spring.

...ation of this idea include the [[Apologists|apologist]] [[Zakir Naik]] and the Saudi-financed surgeon [[Bucailleism|Dr. Maurice Bucaille]]. ...in which mountains were supposedly formed and Allah having cast them into the earth.

...ran upon discovery. Critics also maintain that there is no instance in the Quran where a scientific subject has been described with sufficient clarity, spec ...e/how-islam-won-and-lost-the-lead-in-science.html How Islam Won, and Lost, the Lead in Science.]'' Dennis Overbye. 2001. New York Times.

...re increasingly finding their way into even the most devout communities of the Muslim world. ...her miraculous. Hence Muslim apologists assert that the Qur'an is the word of God.

...ب‎‎). Father of Islam's prophet, Muhammad. The name literally means "Slave of Allah". ...o was also the father Muhammad’s wife Aisha. Abu Bakr was the first Caliph of Islam after Muhammad’s death.

...prophet, all of which are held up by the ulemaa' as model behavior for all of mankind. ...and sirah material in general are considered to be very unreliable sources of historical information in modern academic scholarship, as well as by Islami

...Quran|4|82}} makes the confident assertion: "Then do they not reflect upon the Qur'an? If it had been from [any] other than Allah, they would have found w ...e of the most problematic, of the proposed contradictions are precisely of the theological, and not legal, variety.

...nt language, which they call Old Hijazi, the ancient vernacular dialect of the Hijaz region which includes Makkah and Medina. ...ern Arabic dialects are completely devoid of the case system and devoid of the Hamzah to varying degrees.

[[File:OttomanEunuchsConcubines.jpg|right|thumb|275px|Concubines and eunuchs of Ottoman Harem in 1909]] ...did eventually occur, there was not a strong internally developed critique of slaveholding based in religious principles."<BR />Kecia Ali, Sexual Ethics

...ent for men to keep otherwise chaste. In addition, various hadiths mention the sexual intercourse which slave owners (including Muhammad) had with their s ...punishment for rape victims, human rights groups are also concerned about the risks faced by women reporting rape in some countries where [[Zina]] (illic

...al Islamic scholars noted that there were certain historical claims in the Quran and hadith which, taken literally (as Islamic orthodoxy holds they should b ===Mary as part of the Trinity===

...ation has been interrupted (for example, due to illness) and interpret the Quran as sanctioning marriage only with those who have reached puberty. ...etheless common (including among non-Muslim populations in some regions of the world).

...d to the beginnings of the Arab-Israeli conflict, while others trace it to the 19th century and possible influence from Arab Christians. ...ments at the hand of God (being turned into pigs and apes) and at the hand of [[Muhammad]] (being executed, expelled, [[Slavery|enslaved]], and extorted