Free Will and Predestination in Islam - Revision history

Zhothaqquah at 04:20, 15 November 2025

2025-11-15T04:20:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:20, 15 November 2025
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	{{QualityScore\|Lead=1\|Structure=2\|Content=2\|Language=1\|References=2}}		{{QualityScore\|Lead=1\|Structure=2\|Content=2\|Language=4\|References=2}}
	This article examines the idea of free will in [[Islam]], especially in light of Islam's doctrine of [[predestination]] (or ''qadr''). See a much longer list of explicit and implicit verses on predestination supporting this claim in [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Predestination]].		This article examines the idea of free will in [[Islam]], especially in light of Islam's doctrine of [[predestination]] (or ''qadr''). See a much longer list of explicit and implicit verses on predestination supporting this claim in [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Predestination]].
	==Four Premises==		==Four Premises==

Lightyears: Automated script replacing USC-MSA hadith numbering system for Bukhari, Muslim, and Abu Dawud

2025-11-11T22:51:40Z

Automated script replacing USC-MSA hadith numbering system for Bukhari, Muslim, and Abu Dawud

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	===Sahih Ahadith===		===Sahih Ahadith===

	Variations of the following hadith occur at least four times in Sahih Bukhari<ref>"''Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mus'ud: Allah's Apostle, the true and truly inspired said, "(The matter of the Creation of) a human being is put together in the womb of the mother in forty days, and then he becomes a clot of thick blood for a similar period, and then a piece of flesh for a similar period. Then Allah sends an angel who is ordered to write four things. He is ordered to write down his (i.e. the new creature's) deeds, his livelihood, his (date of) death, and whether he will be blessed or wretched (in religion). Then the soul is breathed into him. So, a man amongst you may do (good deeds till there is only a cubit between him and Paradise and then what has been written for him decides his behavior and he starts doing (evil) deeds characteristic of the people of the (Hell) Fire. And similarly a man amongst you may do (evil) deeds till there is only a cubit between him and the (Hell) Fire, and then what has been written for him decides his behavior, and he starts doing deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise."''" - {{Bukhari\|4\|54\|~~430~~}}</ref><ref>"''Narrated Abdullah: Allah's Apostle, the true and truly inspired said, "(as regards your creation), every one of you is collected in the womb of his mother for the first forty days, and then he becomes a clot for an other forty days, and then a piece of flesh for an other forty days. Then Allah sends an angel to write four words: He writes his deeds, time of his death, means of his livelihood, and whether he will be wretched or blessed (in religion). Then the soul is breathed into his body. So a man may do deeds characteristic of the people of the (Hell) Fire, so much so that there is only the distance of a cubit between him and it, and then what has been written (by the angel) surpasses, and so he starts doing deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise and enters Paradise. Similarly, a person may do deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise, so much so that there is only the distance of a cubit between him and it, and then what has been written (by the angel) surpasses, and he starts doing deeds of the people of the (Hell) Fire and enters the (Hell) Fire."''" - {{Bukhari\|4\|55\|~~549~~}}</ref><ref>"''Narrated 'Abdullah: Allah's Apostle, the truthful and truly-inspired, said, "Each one of you collected in the womb of his mother for forty days, and then turns into a clot for an equal period (of forty days) and turns into a piece of flesh for a similar period (of forty days) and then Allah sends an angel and orders him to write four things, i.e., his provision, his age, and whether he will be of the wretched or the blessed (in the Hereafter). Then the soul is breathed into him. And by Allah, a person among you (or a man) may do deeds of the people of the Fire till there is only a cubit or an arm-breadth distance between him and the Fire, but then that writing (which Allah has ordered the angel to write) precedes, and he does the deeds of the people of Paradise and enters it; and a man may do the deeds of the people of Paradise till there is only a cubit or two between him and Paradise, and then that writing precedes and he does the deeds of the people of the Fire and enters it."''" - {{Bukhari\|8\|77\|~~593~~}}</ref><ref>"''Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud: Allah's Apostle the true and truly inspired, narrated to us, "The creation of everyone of you starts with the process of collecting the material for his body within forty days and forty nights in the womb of his mother. Then he becomes a clot of thick blood for a similar period (40 days) and then he becomes like a piece of flesh for a similar period. Then an angel is sent to him (by Allah) and the angel is allowed (ordered) to write four things; his livelihood, his (date of) death, his deeds, and whether he will be a wretched one or a blessed one (in the Hereafter) and then the soul is breathed into him. So one of you may do (good) deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise so much that there is nothing except a cubit between him and Paradise but then what has been written for him decides his behavior and he starts doing (evil) deeds characteristic of the people of Hell (Fire) and (ultimately) enters Hell (Fire); and one of you may do (evil) deeds characteristic of the people of Hell (Fire) so much so that there is nothing except a cubit between him and Hell (Fire), then what has been written for him decides his behavior and he starts doing (good) deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise and ultimately) enters Paradise." (See Hadith No. 430, Vol. 4)''" - {{Bukhari\|9\|93\|~~546~~}}</ref> and once in Sahih Muslim:<ref>"''Abdullah (b. Mas'ud) reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) who is the most truthful (of the human beings) and his being truthful (is a fact) said: Verily your creation is on this wise. The constituents of one of you are collected for forty days in his mother's womb in the form of blood, after which it becomes a clot of blood in another period of forty days. Then it becomes a lump of flesh and forty days later Allah sends His angel to it with instructions concerning four things, so the angel writes down his livelihood, his death, his deeds, his fortune and misfortune. By Him, besides Whom there is no god, that one amongst you acts like the people deserving Paradise until between him and Paradise there remains but the distance of a cubit, when suddenly the writing of destiny overcomes him and he begins to act like the denizens of Hell and thus enters Hell, and another one acts in the way of the denizens of Hell, until there remains between him and Hell a distance of a cubit that the writing of destiny overcomes him and then he begins to act like the people of Paradise and enters Paradise.''" - {{Muslim\|33\|~~6390~~}}</ref>		Variations of the following hadith occur at least four times in Sahih Bukhari<ref>"''Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mus'ud: Allah's Apostle, the true and truly inspired said, "(The matter of the Creation of) a human being is put together in the womb of the mother in forty days, and then he becomes a clot of thick blood for a similar period, and then a piece of flesh for a similar period. Then Allah sends an angel who is ordered to write four things. He is ordered to write down his (i.e. the new creature's) deeds, his livelihood, his (date of) death, and whether he will be blessed or wretched (in religion). Then the soul is breathed into him. So, a man amongst you may do (good deeds till there is only a cubit between him and Paradise and then what has been written for him decides his behavior and he starts doing (evil) deeds characteristic of the people of the (Hell) Fire. And similarly a man amongst you may do (evil) deeds till there is only a cubit between him and the (Hell) Fire, and then what has been written for him decides his behavior, and he starts doing deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise."''" - {{Bukhari\|\|\|3208\|darussalam}}</ref><ref>"''Narrated Abdullah: Allah's Apostle, the true and truly inspired said, "(as regards your creation), every one of you is collected in the womb of his mother for the first forty days, and then he becomes a clot for an other forty days, and then a piece of flesh for an other forty days. Then Allah sends an angel to write four words: He writes his deeds, time of his death, means of his livelihood, and whether he will be wretched or blessed (in religion). Then the soul is breathed into his body. So a man may do deeds characteristic of the people of the (Hell) Fire, so much so that there is only the distance of a cubit between him and it, and then what has been written (by the angel) surpasses, and so he starts doing deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise and enters Paradise. Similarly, a person may do deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise, so much so that there is only the distance of a cubit between him and it, and then what has been written (by the angel) surpasses, and he starts doing deeds of the people of the (Hell) Fire and enters the (Hell) Fire."''" - {{Bukhari\|\|\|3332\|darussalam}}</ref><ref>"''Narrated 'Abdullah: Allah's Apostle, the truthful and truly-inspired, said, "Each one of you collected in the womb of his mother for forty days, and then turns into a clot for an equal period (of forty days) and turns into a piece of flesh for a similar period (of forty days) and then Allah sends an angel and orders him to write four things, i.e., his provision, his age, and whether he will be of the wretched or the blessed (in the Hereafter). Then the soul is breathed into him. And by Allah, a person among you (or a man) may do deeds of the people of the Fire till there is only a cubit or an arm-breadth distance between him and the Fire, but then that writing (which Allah has ordered the angel to write) precedes, and he does the deeds of the people of Paradise and enters it; and a man may do the deeds of the people of Paradise till there is only a cubit or two between him and Paradise, and then that writing precedes and he does the deeds of the people of the Fire and enters it."''" - {{Bukhari\|\|\|6594\|darussalam}}</ref><ref>"''Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud: Allah's Apostle the true and truly inspired, narrated to us, "The creation of everyone of you starts with the process of collecting the material for his body within forty days and forty nights in the womb of his mother. Then he becomes a clot of thick blood for a similar period (40 days) and then he becomes like a piece of flesh for a similar period. Then an angel is sent to him (by Allah) and the angel is allowed (ordered) to write four things; his livelihood, his (date of) death, his deeds, and whether he will be a wretched one or a blessed one (in the Hereafter) and then the soul is breathed into him. So one of you may do (good) deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise so much that there is nothing except a cubit between him and Paradise but then what has been written for him decides his behavior and he starts doing (evil) deeds characteristic of the people of Hell (Fire) and (ultimately) enters Hell (Fire); and one of you may do (evil) deeds characteristic of the people of Hell (Fire) so much so that there is nothing except a cubit between him and Hell (Fire), then what has been written for him decides his behavior and he starts doing (good) deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise and ultimately) enters Paradise." (See Hadith No. 430, Vol. 4)''" - {{Bukhari\|\|\|7454\|darussalam}}</ref> and once in Sahih Muslim:<ref>"''Abdullah (b. Mas'ud) reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) who is the most truthful (of the human beings) and his being truthful (is a fact) said: Verily your creation is on this wise. The constituents of one of you are collected for forty days in his mother's womb in the form of blood, after which it becomes a clot of blood in another period of forty days. Then it becomes a lump of flesh and forty days later Allah sends His angel to it with instructions concerning four things, so the angel writes down his livelihood, his death, his deeds, his fortune and misfortune. By Him, besides Whom there is no god, that one amongst you acts like the people deserving Paradise until between him and Paradise there remains but the distance of a cubit, when suddenly the writing of destiny overcomes him and he begins to act like the denizens of Hell and thus enters Hell, and another one acts in the way of the denizens of Hell, until there remains between him and Hell a distance of a cubit that the writing of destiny overcomes him and then he begins to act like the people of Paradise and enters Paradise.''" - {{Muslim\|\|2643a\|reference}}</ref>

	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|4\|54\|~~430~~}}\|Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mus'ud:		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|\|\|3208\|darussalam}}\|Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mus'ud:

	Allah's Apostle, the true and truly inspired said, "(The matter of the Creation of) a human being is put together in the womb of the mother in forty days, and then he becomes a clot of thick blood for a similar period, and then a piece of flesh for a similar period. Then Allah sends an angel who is ordered to write four things. He is ordered to write down his (i.e. the new creature's) deeds, his livelihood, his (date of) death, and whether he will be blessed or wretched (in religion). Then the soul is breathed into him. So, a man amongst you may do (good deeds till there is only a cubit between him and Paradise and then what has been written for him decides his behavior and he starts doing (evil) deeds characteristic of the people of the (Hell) Fire. And similarly a man amongst you may do (evil) deeds till there is only a cubit between him and the (Hell) Fire, and then what has been written for him decides his behavior, and he starts doing deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise."}}		Allah's Apostle, the true and truly inspired said, "(The matter of the Creation of) a human being is put together in the womb of the mother in forty days, and then he becomes a clot of thick blood for a similar period, and then a piece of flesh for a similar period. Then Allah sends an angel who is ordered to write four things. He is ordered to write down his (i.e. the new creature's) deeds, his livelihood, his (date of) death, and whether he will be blessed or wretched (in religion). Then the soul is breathed into him. So, a man amongst you may do (good deeds till there is only a cubit between him and Paradise and then what has been written for him decides his behavior and he starts doing (evil) deeds characteristic of the people of the (Hell) Fire. And similarly a man amongst you may do (evil) deeds till there is only a cubit between him and the (Hell) Fire, and then what has been written for him decides his behavior, and he starts doing deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise."}}

Zhothaqquah: Revised language and removed argumentative material

2025-11-09T23:36:33Z

Revised language and removed argumentative material

Show changes

CPO675: /* Four Premises */ I've linked the much more extensive page on Pre-destination (with far more verses cited) so viewers of this page interested in the topic can easily find them.

2024-06-09T15:51:04Z

Four Premises: I've linked the much more extensive page on Pre-destination (with far more verses cited) so viewers of this page interested in the topic can easily find them.

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:51, 9 June 2024
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	{{QualityScore\|Lead=1\|Structure=2\|Content=2\|Language=1\|References=2}}		{{QualityScore\|Lead=1\|Structure=2\|Content=2\|Language=1\|References=2}}
	This article looks at the idea of free will in [[Islam]], especially in light of Islam's doctrine of [[predestination]] (or qadr).		This article looks at the idea of free will in [[Islam]], especially in light of Islam's doctrine of [[predestination]] (or qadr). See a much longer list of explicit and implicit verses on predestination in supporting this claim [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Predestination]].
	==Four Premises==		==Four Premises==

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	{{Hub4\|Predestination\|Predestination}}		{{Hub4\|Predestination\|Predestination}}

			* [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Predestination]] - ''A Wikiislam page listing far more explicit and implicit verses on predestination in Islamic Scripture''

	==External Links==		==External Links==

IbnPinker at 20:22, 24 February 2021

2021-02-24T20:22:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:22, 24 February 2021
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	[[Category:Qadr (fate)]]		[[Category:Qadr (fate)]]
	[[ru:Свобода воли и предопределение в Исламе]]		[[ru:Свобода воли и предопределение в Исламе]]
			[[Category:Society and human nature]]
			[[Category:Sacred history]]
			[[Category:Eschatology]]

IbnPinker at 03:28, 13 November 2020

2020-11-13T03:28:12Z

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	[[Category:Heaven]]		[[Category:Heaven]]
	[[Category:Hell]]		[[Category:Hell]]
			[[Category:Qadr (fate)]]
	[[ru:Свобода воли и предопределение в Исламе]]		[[ru:Свобода воли и предопределение в Исламе]]

IbnPinker at 02:03, 13 November 2020

2020-11-13T02:03:49Z

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	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
	[[Category:Heaven]]		[[Category:Heaven]]
			[[Category:Hell]]
	[[ru:Свобода воли и предопределение в Исламе]]		[[ru:Свобода воли и предопределение в Исламе]]

IbnPinker at 02:01, 13 November 2020

2020-11-13T02:01:52Z

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	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
			[[Category:Heaven]]
	[[ru:Свобода воли и предопределение в Исламе]]		[[ru:Свобода воли и предопределение в Исламе]]

IbnPinker at 00:45, 12 November 2020

2020-11-12T00:45:23Z

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	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}

	~~[[Category:General Analysis]]~~
	~~[[Category:Inconsistencies]]~~
	[[ru:Свобода воли и предопределение в Исламе]]		[[ru:Свобода воли и предопределение в Исламе]]

IbnPinker at 18:35, 10 November 2020

2020-11-10T18:35:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:35, 10 November 2020
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	[[Category:General Analysis]]		[[Category:General Analysis]]
	[[Category:Inconsistencies]]		[[Category:Inconsistencies]]
	~~[[Category:THHuxley]]~~
	[[ru:Свобода воли и предопределение в Исламе]]		[[ru:Свобода воли и предопределение в Исламе]]