Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Women - Revision history

Lightyears at 01:36, 14 November 2025

2025-11-14T01:36:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:36, 14 November 2025
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	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|\|\|2658\|darussalam}}\|Narrated Abu Said Al-Khudri: The Prophet said, "Isn't the witness of a women equal to half that of a man?" The women said "yes". He said "This is because of the deficiency of the women's mind."}}		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|\|\|2658\|darussalam}}\|Narrated Abu Said Al-Khudri: The Prophet said, "Isn't the witness of a women equal to half that of a man?" The women said "yes". He said "This is because of the deficiency of the women's mind."}}

	{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|\|79a\|reference}}\|O womenfolk, you should ask ~~for~~ forgiveness for I saw you in bulk amongst the dwellers of Hell. A wise lady said: Why is it, ~~Allah’s Apostle~~, that ~~women comprise the~~ bulk ~~of the inhabitants of~~ Hell? ~~The~~ Prophet observed: ~~‘You~~ curse too much and are ungrateful to your spouses. ~~You lack~~ common sense~~, fail~~ in religion ~~and rob~~ the wisdom of the wise.’ Upon this the woman remarked: What is wrong with our common sense? ~~The~~ Prophet ~~replied, ‘Your~~ lack of common sense can be ~~determined~~ from the fact that the evidence of ~~'''~~two women is equal to one man~~'''. That~~ is a proof.}}		{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|\|79a\|reference}}\|It is narrated on the authority of 'Abdullah b. Umar that the Messenger of Allah observed:

			O womenfolk, you should give charity and ask much forgiveness for I saw you in bulk amongst the dwellers of Hell. A wise lady among them said: Why is it, Messenger of Allah, that our folk is in bulk in Hell? Upon this the Prophet observed: You curse too much and are ungrateful to your spouses. I have seen none lacking in common sense and failing in religion but (at the same time) robbing the wisdom of the wise, besides you. Upon this the woman remarked: What is wrong with our common sense and with religion? He (the Holy Prophet) observed: Your lack of common sense (can be well judged from the fact) that the evidence of two women is equal to one man, that is a proof of the lack of common sense, and you spend some nights (and days) in which you do not offer prayer and in the month of Ramadan (during the days) you do not observe fast, that is a failing in religion.
			}}

	==== The amount of "blood money" (diya) for a murdered women is worth half that of a man ====		==== The amount of "blood money" (diya) for a murdered women is worth half that of a man ====
	{{Quote\|{{Quran\|178-179}}\|O you who have faith! Retribution is prescribed for you regarding the slain: freeman for freeman, slave for slave, and female for female. But if one is granted any extenuation by his brother, let the follow up [for the blood-money] be honourable, and let the payment to him be with kindness. That is a remission from your Lord and a mercy; and should anyone transgress after that, there shall be a painful punishment for him. There is life for you in retribution, O you who possess intellects! Maybe you will be Godwary!}}{{Quote\|{{~~Muslim~~\|43\|4}}\|Yahya related to me from Malik that Ibn Shihab and also Urwa ibn az-Zubayr said the same as Said ibn al-Musayyab said about a woman. Her blood-money from a man is the same up to a third of the blood-money of a man. If what she is owed exceeds a third of the blood-money of the man, she is given up to half of the blood-money of a man.		{{Quote\|{{Quran\|178-179}}\|O you who have faith! Retribution is prescribed for you regarding the slain: freeman for freeman, slave for slave, and female for female. But if one is granted any extenuation by his brother, let the follow up [for the blood-money] be honourable, and let the payment to him be with kindness. That is a remission from your Lord and a mercy; and should anyone transgress after that, there shall be a painful punishment for him. There is life for you in retribution, O you who possess intellects! Maybe you will be Godwary!}}{{Quote\|{{Muwatta\|43\|\|4}}\|Yahya related to me from Malik that Ibn Shihab and also Urwa ibn az-Zubayr said the same as Said ibn al-Musayyab said about a woman. Her blood-money from a man is the same up to a third of the blood-money of a man. If what she is owed exceeds a third of the blood-money of the man, she is given up to half of the blood-money of a man.

	Malik said, "The explanation of that is that she has blood-money for a head wound that lays bare the bone and one that splinters the bone and for what is less than the brain wound and the belly wound and the like of that of those which obliges a third of the blood-money or more. If the amount owed her exceeds that, her blood- money in that is half of the blood-money of a man."}}		Malik said, "The explanation of that is that she has blood-money for a head wound that lays bare the bone and one that splinters the bone and for what is less than the brain wound and the belly wound and the like of that of those which obliges a third of the blood-money or more. If the amount owed her exceeds that, her blood- money in that is half of the blood-money of a man."}}
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	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|\|\|3006\|darussalam}}\|Narrated Ibn Abbas: That he heard the Prophet saying, "It is not permissible for a man to be alone with a woman, and no lady should travel except with a Muhram (i.e. her husband or a person whom she cannot marry in any case for ever; e.g. her father, brother, etc.)." Then a man got up and said, "O Allah's Apostle! I have enlisted in the army for such-and-such Ghazwa and my wife is proceeding for Hajj." Allah's Apostle said, "Go, and perform the Hajj with your wife."}}		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|\|\|3006\|darussalam}}\|Narrated Ibn Abbas: That he heard the Prophet saying, "It is not permissible for a man to be alone with a woman, and no lady should travel except with a Muhram (i.e. her husband or a person whom she cannot marry in any case for ever; e.g. her father, brother, etc.)." Then a man got up and said, "O Allah's Apostle! I have enlisted in the army for such-and-such Ghazwa and my wife is proceeding for Hajj." Allah's Apostle said, "Go, and perform the Hajj with your wife."}}

	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|\|\|5338\|darussalam}}\|Narrated Um Salama: A woman was bereaved of her husband and her relatives worried about her eyes (which were diseased). They came to Allah's Apostle, and asked him to allow them to treat her eyes with kohl, but he said, "She should not apply kohl to her eyes. (In the Pre-Islamic period of Ignorance) a widowed woman among you would stay in the worst of her clothes (or the worst part of her house) and when a year had elapsed, if a dog passed by her, she would throw a globe of dung, Nay, (she cannot use kohl) till four months and ten days have elapsed." Narrated Um Habiba: The Prophet said, "It is not lawful for a Muslim woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for more than three days, except for her husband, for whom she should mourn for four months and ten days."\|See Also {{Bukhari\|\|\|5706\|darussalam}}, {{Muslim\|\|1488c\|reference}}}}		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|\|\|5338\|darussalam}} and {{Bukhari\|\|\|5339\|darussalam}}\|Narrated Um Salama: A woman was bereaved of her husband and her relatives worried about her eyes (which were diseased). They came to Allah's Apostle, and asked him to allow them to treat her eyes with kohl, but he said, "She should not apply kohl to her eyes. (In the Pre-Islamic period of Ignorance) a widowed woman among you would stay in the worst of her clothes (or the worst part of her house) and when a year had elapsed, if a dog passed by her, she would throw a globe of dung, Nay, (she cannot use kohl) till four months and ten days have elapsed." Narrated Um Habiba: The Prophet said, "It is not lawful for a Muslim woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for more than three days, except for her husband, for whom she should mourn for four months and ten days."\|See Also {{Bukhari\|\|\|5706\|darussalam}}, {{Muslim\|\|1488c\|reference}}}}

	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|\|\|1088\|darussalam}}\|Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet (p.b.u.h) said, "It is not permissible for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to travel for one day and night except with a Mahram."}}		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|\|\|1088\|darussalam}}\|Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet (p.b.u.h) said, "It is not permissible for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to travel for one day and night except with a Mahram."}}

Lightyears: Automated script replacing USC-MSA hadith numbering system for Bukhari, Muslim, and Abu Dawud

2025-11-14T01:28:38Z

Automated script replacing USC-MSA hadith numbering system for Bukhari, Muslim, and Abu Dawud

Show changes

Lightyears at 13:33, 4 June 2025

2025-06-04T13:33:11Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:33, 4 June 2025
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	{{Quran-range\|33\|50\|52}} permits Muhammad's use of concubines according to classical scholars, though only to marry them in the interpretation of Islamic modernists.		{{Quran-range\|33\|50\|52}} permits Muhammad's use of concubines according to classical scholars, though only to marry them in the interpretation of Islamic modernists.

	{{Quote\|{{Quran-range\|33\|50\|52}}\|O Prophet! We have made lawful to ~~thee thy~~ wives to whom ~~thou hast paid~~ their ~~dowers; '''~~and those ~~whom thy~~ right hand possesses ~~out~~ of ~~the prisoners of war~~''' ~~whom Allah has assigned to thee;~~ and daughters of ~~thy~~ paternal uncles and aunts, and daughters of ~~thy~~ maternal uncles and aunts, who ~~migrated (from Makka)~~ with ~~thee;~~ and ~~any~~ believing woman ~~who dedicates her soul~~ to the Prophet if the Prophet wishes to ~~wed~~ her;- this only for ~~thee~~, ~~and not for~~ the ~~Believers (at large);~~ We know what We have ~~appointed for~~ them ~~as to~~ their wives and ~~the captives whom~~ their right hands possess;- in order that there ~~should~~ be no ~~difficulty for thee~~. And Allah ~~is Oft-~~Forgiving~~, Most~~ Merciful.		{{Quote\|{{Quran-range\|33\|50\|52}}\|'''O Prophet, indeed We have made lawful to you your wives to whom you have given their due compensation and those your right hand possesses from what Allah has returned to you [of captives]''' and the daughters of your paternal uncles and the daughters of your paternal aunts and the daughters of your maternal uncles and the daughters of your maternal aunts who emigrated with you and a believing woman if she gives herself to the Prophet [and] if the Prophet wishes to marry her, [this is] only for you, excluding the [other] believers. We certainly know what We have made obligatory upon them concerning their wives and those their right hands possess, [but this is for you] in order that there will be upon you no discomfort. And ever is Allah Forgiving and Merciful

	You, [O Muhammad], may put aside whom you will of them or take to yourself whom you will. And any that you desire of those [wives] from whom you had [temporarily] separated - there is no blame upon you [in returning her]. That is more suitable that they should be content and not grieve and that they should be satisfied with what you have given them - all of them. And Allah knows what is in your hearts. And ever is Allah Knowing and Forbearing.		You, [O Muhammad], may put aside whom you will of them or take to yourself whom you will. And any that you desire of those [wives] from whom you had [temporarily] separated - there is no blame upon you [in returning her]. That is more suitable that they should be content and not grieve and that they should be satisfied with what you have given them - all of them. And Allah knows what is in your hearts. And ever is Allah Knowing and Forbearing.
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	In context ({{Quran-range\|4\|22\|25}}), both the following verses are about the right to marry female captives.		In context ({{Quran-range\|4\|22\|25}}), both the following verses are about the right to marry female captives.

	{{Quote\|{{Quran\|4\|24}}\| "Also (prohibited are) women already married, ~~'''~~except those whom your right hands possess''': Thus hath Allah ordained (Prohibitions) against you: Except for these, all others are lawful, provided ye seek (them in marriage) with gifts from your property,- desiring chastity, not lust, seeing that ye derive benefit from them, give them their dowers (at least) as prescribed; but if, after a dower is prescribed, agree Mutually (to vary it), there is no blame on you, and Allah is All-knowing, All-wise."}}		{{Quote\|{{Quran\|4\|24}}\| '''"Also (prohibited are) women already married, except those whom your right hands possess''': Thus hath Allah ordained (Prohibitions) against you: Except for these, all others are lawful, provided ye seek (them in marriage) with gifts from your property,- desiring chastity, not lust, seeing that ye derive benefit from them, give them their dowers (at least) as prescribed; but if, after a dower is prescribed, agree Mutually (to vary it), there is no blame on you, and Allah is All-knowing, All-wise."}}

	{{Quote\|{{Quran\|4\|25}}\|And whoever among you cannot [find] the means to marry free, believing women, then [he may marry] from those whom your right hands possess of believing slave girls. And Allah is most knowing about your faith. You [believers] are of one another. So marry them with the permission of their people and give them their due compensation according to what is acceptable. [They should be] chaste, neither [of] those who commit unlawful intercourse randomly nor those who take [secret] lovers. But once they are sheltered in marriage, if they should commit adultery, then for them is half the punishment for free [unmarried] women. This [allowance] is for him among you who fears sin, but to be patient is better for you. And Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.}}		{{Quote\|{{Quran\|4\|25}}\|And whoever among you cannot [find] the means to marry free, believing women, then [he may marry] from those whom your right hands possess of believing slave girls. And Allah is most knowing about your faith. You [believers] are of one another. So marry them with the permission of their people and give them their due compensation according to what is acceptable. [They should be] chaste, neither [of] those who commit unlawful intercourse randomly nor those who take [secret] lovers. But once they are sheltered in marriage, if they should commit adultery, then for them is half the punishment for free [unmarried] women. This [allowance] is for him among you who fears sin, but to be patient is better for you. And Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.}}
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	{{Quote\|{{Quran\|4\|3}}\|If you fear you can not treat orphans (girls) with fairness, then you may marry other women who seem good to you: two, three or four of them. But if you fear that you can not maintain equality among them, marry only one or any slave girls you may own, that will be more suitable. And give the women their dower as a free gift; but if they, of their own good pleasure, remit any part of it to you, eat it with enjoyment, take it with right good cheer and absorb it (in your wealth).}}		{{Quote\|{{Quran\|4\|3}}\|If you fear you can not treat orphans (girls) with fairness, then you may marry other women who seem good to you: two, three or four of them. But if you fear that you can not maintain equality among them, marry only one or any slave girls you may own, that will be more suitable. And give the women their dower as a free gift; but if they, of their own good pleasure, remit any part of it to you, eat it with enjoyment, take it with right good cheer and absorb it (in your wealth).}}

	This did not apply to Ali, Muhammad's son-in-law, who was limited to one wife since Ali was married to Fatima, who was Muhammad's daughter.		According to tradition, Muhammad himself was exempted from this limit (based on {{Quran-range\|33\|50\|52}} quoted above). This also did not apply to Ali, Muhammad's son-in-law, who was limited to one wife since Ali was married to Fatima, who was Muhammad's daughter.
	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|7\|62\|157}}\|Narrated Al-Miswar bin Makhrama: I heard Allah's Apostle who was on the pulpit, saying, "Banu Hisham bin Al-Mughira have requested me to allow them to marry their daughter to Ali bin Abu Talib, but I don't give permission, and will not give permission unless 'Ali bin Abi Talib divorces my daughter in order to marry their daughter, because Fatima is a part of my body, and I hate what she hates to see, and what hurts her, hurts me."}}		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|7\|62\|157}}\|Narrated Al-Miswar bin Makhrama: I heard Allah's Apostle who was on the pulpit, saying, "Banu Hisham bin Al-Mughira have requested me to allow them to marry their daughter to Ali bin Abu Talib, but I don't give permission, and will not give permission unless 'Ali bin Abi Talib divorces my daughter in order to marry their daughter, because Fatima is a part of my body, and I hate what she hates to see, and what hurts her, hurts me."}}

Lightyears at 12:30, 3 June 2025

2025-06-03T12:30:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:30, 3 June 2025
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	The Messenger of 'Allah (ﷺ) said: When any one of you stands for prayer and there is a thing before him equal to the back of the saddle that covers him and in case there is not before him (a thing) equal to the back of the saddle, his prayer would be cut off by (passing of an) ass, woman, and black Dog. I said: O Abu Dharr, what feature is there in a black dog which distinguish it from the red dog and the yellow dog? He said: O, son of my brother, I asked the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) as you are asking me, and he said: The black dog is a devil.}}		The Messenger of 'Allah (ﷺ) said: When any one of you stands for prayer and there is a thing before him equal to the back of the saddle that covers him and in case there is not before him (a thing) equal to the back of the saddle, his prayer would be cut off by (passing of an) ass, woman, and black Dog. I said: O Abu Dharr, what feature is there in a black dog which distinguish it from the red dog and the yellow dog? He said: O, son of my brother, I asked the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) as you are asking me, and he said: The black dog is a devil.}}

	In other hadiths disputes the claim		In other hadiths Aisha disputes the claim

	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|1\|9\|490}}\|Narrated 'Aisha: The things which annul the prayers were mentioned before me. They said, "'''Prayer is annulled by a dog, a donkey and a woman (if they pass in front of the praying people).'''" I said, "You have made us (i.e. women) dogs. I saw the Prophet praying while I used to lie in my bed between him and the Qibla. Whenever I was in need of something, I would slip away. for I disliked to face him."}}		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|1\|9\|490}}\|Narrated 'Aisha: The things which annul the prayers were mentioned before me. They said, "'''Prayer is annulled by a dog, a donkey and a woman (if they pass in front of the praying people).'''" I said, "You have made us (i.e. women) dogs. I saw the Prophet praying while I used to lie in my bed between him and the Qibla. Whenever I was in need of something, I would slip away. for I disliked to face him."}}
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	{{Main\|Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Rape}}		{{Main\|Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Rape}}

	{{Quote\|{{Quran-range\|70\|29\|30}}; ~~also~~ {{Quran-range\|23\|5\|6}}\|		{{Quote\|{{Quran-range\|70\|29\|30}}; similarly {{Quran-range\|23\|5\|6}}\|
	And those who preserve their chastity<BR>Save with their wives '''and those whom their right hands possess''', for thus they are not blameworthy;}}		And those who preserve their chastity<BR>Save with their wives '''and those whom their right hands possess''', for thus they are not blameworthy;}}

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	====Men may Marry their Female Captives, even if they have Husbands====		====Men may Marry their Female Captives, even if they have Husbands====

	In context {{Quran-range\|4\|22\|25}}, both the following verses are about the right to marry female captives.		In context ({{Quran-range\|4\|22\|25}}), both the following verses are about the right to marry female captives.

	{{Quote\|{{Quran\|4\|24}}\| "Also (prohibited are) women already married, '''except those whom your right hands possess''': Thus hath Allah ordained (Prohibitions) against you: Except for these, all others are lawful, provided ye seek (them in marriage) with gifts from your property,- desiring chastity, not lust, seeing that ye derive benefit from them, give them their dowers (at least) as prescribed; but if, after a dower is prescribed, agree Mutually (to vary it), there is no blame on you, and Allah is All-knowing, All-wise."}}		{{Quote\|{{Quran\|4\|24}}\| "Also (prohibited are) women already married, '''except those whom your right hands possess''': Thus hath Allah ordained (Prohibitions) against you: Except for these, all others are lawful, provided ye seek (them in marriage) with gifts from your property,- desiring chastity, not lust, seeing that ye derive benefit from them, give them their dowers (at least) as prescribed; but if, after a dower is prescribed, agree Mutually (to vary it), there is no blame on you, and Allah is All-knowing, All-wise."}}

Lightyears at 12:26, 3 June 2025

2025-06-03T12:26:36Z

Show changes

Lightyears: Added missing positive verses from Islam and women page for balance

2025-05-22T23:53:15Z

Added missing positive verses from Islam and women page for balance

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:53, 22 May 2025
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	{{QuranHadithScholarsIndex}}		{{QuranHadithScholarsIndex}}

	The Islamic tradition has much to say about women and their relation to men. The main, most prominent message is crystal clear: women are the followers of men who are their leaders, and it is their job to obey all that the menfolk in their lives tell them; their place socially is in most ways below that of a man. This is due to the woman's deficient intelligence vis-a-vis men. Due to this deficiency, women are the majority of inhabitants of hell. Women, though, can please their Lord by pleasing their husband. It is the woman's duty to submit sexually and in every other fashion to her husband, and to keep him constantly sexually gratified, so as to keep him from straying from the marriage. If a wife is not sufficiently pleasing to her husband or is rebellious, the husband has many remedies including beating her. Although the wife has many duties, she also has rights; she is entitled to food, shelter, and protection as well as the [[Mahr (Marital Price)\|mahr]] from her husband, and the husband's lust is limited: it is not permissible to engage in anal sex even within an Islamic marriage.		The Islamic tradition has much to say about women and their relation to men. The main, most prominent message is crystal clear: women are the followers of men who are their leaders, and it is their job to obey all that the menfolk in their lives tell them; their place socially is in most ways below that of a man. This is due to the woman's deficient intelligence vis-a-vis men. Due to this deficiency, women are the majority of inhabitants of hell. Women, though, can please their Lord by pleasing their husband. It is the woman's duty to submit sexually and in every other fashion to her husband, and to keep him constantly sexually gratified, so as to keep him from straying from the marriage. If a wife is not sufficiently pleasing to her husband or is rebellious, the husband has many remedies including beating her. Although the wife has many duties, she also has rights; she is entitled to food, shelter, and protection as well as the [[Mahr (Marital Price)\|mahr]] from her husband, and the husband's lust is limited: he may have up to four wives (though unlimited concubines), and it is not permissible to engage in anal sex even within an Islamic marriage.

	==Men and women in the Quran==		==Men and women in the Quran==
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	{{Quote\|{{Quran\|3\|195}}\|And their Lord hath accepted of them, and answered them: "Never will I suffer to be lost the work of any of you, be he male or female: Ye are members, one of another: Those who have left their homes, or been driven out therefrom, or suffered harm in My Cause, or fought or been slain,- verily, I will blot out from them their iniquities, and admit them into Gardens with rivers flowing beneath;- A reward from the presence of Allah, and from His presence is the best of rewards."}}		{{Quote\|{{Quran\|3\|195}}\|And their Lord hath accepted of them, and answered them: "Never will I suffer to be lost the work of any of you, be he male or female: Ye are members, one of another: Those who have left their homes, or been driven out therefrom, or suffered harm in My Cause, or fought or been slain,- verily, I will blot out from them their iniquities, and admit them into Gardens with rivers flowing beneath;- A reward from the presence of Allah, and from His presence is the best of rewards."}}

	===~~Men~~ and women ~~are garments~~ for ~~one another===~~		There are a couple of similar verses:

			{{Quote\|{{Quran\|16\|97}}\|Whoever does righteousness, whether male or female, while he is a believer - We will surely cause him to live a good life, and We will surely give them their reward [in the Hereafter] according to the best of what they used to do.}}

			{{Quote\|{{Quran\|40\|40}}\|Whoever does an evil deed will not be recompensed except by the like thereof; but whoever does righteousness, whether male or female, while he is a believer - those will enter Paradise, being given provision therein without account.}}

			==Kindness and tranquility between Husbands and Wives==
			{{Quote\|{{Quran\|30\|21}}\|And of His signs is that He created for you from yourselves mates that you may find tranquillity in them; and He placed between you affection and mercy. Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought.}}

			{{Quote\|{{Quran\|4\|19}}\|O you who have believed, it is not lawful for you to inherit women by compulsion. And do not make difficulties for them in order to take [back] part of what you gave them unless they commit a clear immorality. And live with them in kindness. For if you dislike them - perhaps you dislike a thing and Allah makes therein much good.}}

	{{Quote\|{{Quran\|2\|187}}\|Permitted to you, on the night of the fasts, is the approach to your wives. They are your garments and ye are their garments. Allah knoweth what ye used to do secretly among yourselves; but He turned to you and forgave you; so now associate with them, and seek what Allah Hath ordained for you, and eat and drink, until the white thread of dawn appear to you distinct from its black thread; then complete your fast Till the night appears; but do not associate with your wives while ye are in retreat in the mosques. Those are Limits (set by) Allah: Approach not nigh thereto. Thus doth Allah make clear His Signs to men: that they may learn self-restraint.}}		{{Quote\|{{Quran\|2\|187}}\|Permitted to you, on the night of the fasts, is the approach to your wives. They are your garments and ye are their garments. Allah knoweth what ye used to do secretly among yourselves; but He turned to you and forgave you; so now associate with them, and seek what Allah Hath ordained for you, and eat and drink, until the white thread of dawn appear to you distinct from its black thread; then complete your fast Till the night appears; but do not associate with your wives while ye are in retreat in the mosques. Those are Limits (set by) Allah: Approach not nigh thereto. Thus doth Allah make clear His Signs to men: that they may learn self-restraint.}}

			{{Quote\|{{Al Tirmidhi\|\|6\|46\|3895}}\|Narrated 'Aishah:

			that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "The best of you is the best to his wives, and I am the best of you to my wives, and when your companion dies, leave him alone."}}

			==Believing men and women are allies of one another==
			{{Quote\|{{Quran\|9\|71}}\|The believing men and believing women are allies of one another. They enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong and establish prayer and give zakah and obey Allah and His Messenger. Those - Allah will have mercy upon them. Indeed, Allah is Exalted in Might and Wise.}}

			{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|8\|3469}}\|Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:

			A believing man should not hate a believing woman; if he dislikes one of her characteristics, he will be pleased with another.}}

	==Mothers==		==Mothers==
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	{{Quote\|{{Quran\|4\|11}}\|“Allah directs you in regard of your Children’s (inheritance): to the male, a portion equal to that of two females…. These are settled portions ordained by Allah.}}		{{Quote\|{{Quran\|4\|11}}\|“Allah directs you in regard of your Children’s (inheritance): to the male, a portion equal to that of two females…. These are settled portions ordained by Allah.}}

			{{Quote\|{{Quran\|4\|176}}\|They request from you a [legal] ruling. Say, "Allah gives you a ruling concerning one having neither descendants nor ascendants [as heirs]." If a man dies, leaving no child but [only] a sister, she will have half of what he left. And he inherits from her if she [dies and] has no child. But if there are two sisters [or more], they will have two-thirds of what he left. If there are both brothers and sisters, '''the male will have the share of two females'''. Allah makes clear to you [His law], lest you go astray. And Allah is Knowing of all things.}}

	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|3\|48\|826}}\|Narrated Abu Said Al-Khudri: The Prophet said, "Isn't the witness of a women equal to half that of a man?" The women said "yes". He said "This is because of the deficiency of the women's mind."}}		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|3\|48\|826}}\|Narrated Abu Said Al-Khudri: The Prophet said, "Isn't the witness of a women equal to half that of a man?" The women said "yes". He said "This is because of the deficiency of the women's mind."}}
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	''All three passages share an important substantive element, which is the possi�bility of waiver of the claim for retaliation by the victim’s kin. In Sūrat al-Baqara (Q. 2), this idea is referred to relative to the perpetrator, using the verb “to pardon” (man ʿufiya la-hu, “whoever is pardoned,” v. 178). In Sūrat al-Nisāʾ (Q. 4) and Sūrat al�Māʾida (Q. 5) it is referred to relative to the claimants, using the verb meaning “to (charitably) waive” (illā an yaṣṣaddaqū, “unless they waive it,” Q. 4:92; man taṣad�daqa,“whoever waives it,” Q. 5:45). The biblical intertexts do not refer to waiver; that fact suggests that the possibility of waiver is part of quranic tort law and that the passage in Sūrat al-Māʾida should not be understood solely as a historical reference. The passage from Sūrat al-Māʾida also shares with that from Sūrat al-Baqara the idea of divine imposition of a law through scripture (prescription: kutiba, “it is/was prescribed”; katabnā, “We prescribe”) and the technical term qiṣāṣ (retaliation). The terminological and doctrinal similarities make it possible to read all three passages together to form a coherent legislative whole.59 They address intentional homicide (Q. 2:178–179; Q. 4:93; Q. 5:45), homicide by mistake (Q. 4:92), intentional wounding (Q. 5:45), and waiver of retaliation for intentional homicide and wounding (Q. 2:178; Q. 5:45). The only topic left unaddressed is unintentional wounding. Subtracting the verse from Sūrat al-Māʾida (Q. 5) form quranic tort law (i.e., reading it solely as a historical reference) would leave intentional wounding unaddressed.''</ref> Both classical<ref>[https://www.islamweb.net/en/fatwa/384850/a-woman%E2%80%99s-diyyah-is-half-of-that-of-the-man A Woman’s Diyyah is Half of That of the Man.] Islamnet.web fatwa. 2018</ref> and modern<ref>Syed Naeem Badshah, & Kifait Ullah Hamdani. (2016). ''The issue of "blood money" or recompense for loss of a life of female; A detailed analysis in the light of Quran, traditions and intellect: The issue of "blood money" or recompense for loss of a life of female; A detailed analysis in the light of Quran, traditions and intellect.'' Al-Azhār University, 2(01), 22–50. Retrieved from <nowiki>https://www.al-azhaar.org/index.php/alazhar/article/view/379</nowiki></ref> Islamic authorities have taken the value paid for murdered women to avoid retaliation to be half that of a murdered man.		''All three passages share an important substantive element, which is the possi�bility of waiver of the claim for retaliation by the victim’s kin. In Sūrat al-Baqara (Q. 2), this idea is referred to relative to the perpetrator, using the verb “to pardon” (man ʿufiya la-hu, “whoever is pardoned,” v. 178). In Sūrat al-Nisāʾ (Q. 4) and Sūrat al�Māʾida (Q. 5) it is referred to relative to the claimants, using the verb meaning “to (charitably) waive” (illā an yaṣṣaddaqū, “unless they waive it,” Q. 4:92; man taṣad�daqa,“whoever waives it,” Q. 5:45). The biblical intertexts do not refer to waiver; that fact suggests that the possibility of waiver is part of quranic tort law and that the passage in Sūrat al-Māʾida should not be understood solely as a historical reference. The passage from Sūrat al-Māʾida also shares with that from Sūrat al-Baqara the idea of divine imposition of a law through scripture (prescription: kutiba, “it is/was prescribed”; katabnā, “We prescribe”) and the technical term qiṣāṣ (retaliation). The terminological and doctrinal similarities make it possible to read all three passages together to form a coherent legislative whole.59 They address intentional homicide (Q. 2:178–179; Q. 4:93; Q. 5:45), homicide by mistake (Q. 4:92), intentional wounding (Q. 5:45), and waiver of retaliation for intentional homicide and wounding (Q. 2:178; Q. 5:45). The only topic left unaddressed is unintentional wounding. Subtracting the verse from Sūrat al-Māʾida (Q. 5) form quranic tort law (i.e., reading it solely as a historical reference) would leave intentional wounding unaddressed.''</ref> Both classical<ref>[https://www.islamweb.net/en/fatwa/384850/a-woman%E2%80%99s-diyyah-is-half-of-that-of-the-man A Woman’s Diyyah is Half of That of the Man.] Islamnet.web fatwa. 2018</ref> and modern<ref>Syed Naeem Badshah, & Kifait Ullah Hamdani. (2016). ''The issue of "blood money" or recompense for loss of a life of female; A detailed analysis in the light of Quran, traditions and intellect: The issue of "blood money" or recompense for loss of a life of female; A detailed analysis in the light of Quran, traditions and intellect.'' Al-Azhār University, 2(01), 22–50. Retrieved from <nowiki>https://www.al-azhaar.org/index.php/alazhar/article/view/379</nowiki></ref> Islamic authorities have taken the value paid for murdered women to avoid retaliation to be half that of a murdered man.

	====Women will Never be Fulfil her Husband's Rights Over Her====		====Women will Never Fulfil her Husband's Rights Over Her====

	{{Quote\|\|If a woman offered one of her breasts to be cooked and the other to be roasted, she still will fall short of fulfilling her obligations to her husband. And besides that if she disobeys her husband even for a twinkling of an eye, she would be thrown in the lowest part of Hell, except she repents and turns back.<ref>Tuffaha, Ahmad Zaky, Al-Mar'ah wal- Islam, Dar al-Kitab al-Lubnani, Beirut, first edition, 1985, p. 176. It is also quoted in Al-Musanaf by Abu Bakr Ahmad Ibn 'Abd Allah Ibn Mousa Al-Kanadi who lived 557H., vol. 1 part 2, p. 255. </ref>}}		{{Quote\|\|If a woman offered one of her breasts to be cooked and the other to be roasted, she still will fall short of fulfilling her obligations to her husband. And besides that if she disobeys her husband even for a twinkling of an eye, she would be thrown in the lowest part of Hell, except she repents and turns back.<ref>Tuffaha, Ahmad Zaky, Al-Mar'ah wal- Islam, Dar al-Kitab al-Lubnani, Beirut, first edition, 1985, p. 176. It is also quoted in Al-Musanaf by Abu Bakr Ahmad Ibn 'Abd Allah Ibn Mousa Al-Kanadi who lived 557H., vol. 1 part 2, p. 255. </ref>}}

CPO675: /* Women cannot travel long journeys except with her mahram */ Added another verse on Muhammads wives dress code, as well as linked to justification from Islamic exegetes for these verses applying to all women.

2025-02-09T15:18:44Z

Women cannot travel long journeys except with her mahram: Added another verse on Muhammads wives dress code, as well as linked to justification from Islamic exegetes for these verses applying to all women.

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:18, 9 February 2025
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	{{Quote\| {{Bukhari\|4\|52\|250}}\|Narrated Ibn Abbas: That he heard the Prophet saying, "It is not permissible for a man to be alone with a woman, and no lady should travel except with a mahram (i.e. her husband or a person whom she cannot marry in any case for ever; e.g. her father, brother, etc.)." Then a man got up and said, "O Allah's Apostle! I have enlisted in the army for such-and-such Ghazwa and my wife is proceeding for Hajj." Allah's Apostle said, "Go, and perform the Hajj with your wife." }}		{{Quote\| {{Bukhari\|4\|52\|250}}\|Narrated Ibn Abbas: That he heard the Prophet saying, "It is not permissible for a man to be alone with a woman, and no lady should travel except with a mahram (i.e. her husband or a person whom she cannot marry in any case for ever; e.g. her father, brother, etc.)." Then a man got up and said, "O Allah's Apostle! I have enlisted in the army for such-and-such Ghazwa and my wife is proceeding for Hajj." Allah's Apostle said, "Go, and perform the Hajj with your wife." }}

	====Women Cannot Fast Extra, or Allow Someone to Enter their Home without Husband’s Permission====		==== Women Cannot Fast Extra, or Allow Someone to Enter their Home without Husband’s Permission ====
	{{Quote\|{{Abu Dawud\|\|2453\|Hasan}}\|Narrated AbuSa'id al-Khudri: A woman came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) while we were with him. She said: Apostle of Allah, my husband, Safwan ibn al-Mu'attal, beats me when I pray, and makes me break my fast when I keep a fast, and he does not offer the dawn prayer until the sun rises. He asked Safwan, who was present, about what she had said. He replied: Apostle of Allah, as for her statement "he beats me when I pray", she recites two surahs (during prayer) and I have prohibited her (to do so). He (the Prophet) said: If one surah is recited (during prayer), that is sufficient for the people.(Safwan continued:) As regards her saying "he makes me break my fast," she dotes on fasting; I am a young man, I cannot restrain myself. The Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) said on that day: A woman should not fast except with the permission of her husband.(Safwan said:) As for her statement that I do not pray until the sun rises, we are a people belonging to a class, and that (our profession of supplying water) is already known about us. We do not awake until the sun rises. He said: When you awake, offer your prayer}}		{{Quote\|{{Abu Dawud\|\|2453\|Hasan}}\|Narrated AbuSa'id al-Khudri: A woman came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) while we were with him. She said: Apostle of Allah, my husband, Safwan ibn al-Mu'attal, beats me when I pray, and makes me break my fast when I keep a fast, and he does not offer the dawn prayer until the sun rises. He asked Safwan, who was present, about what she had said. He replied: Apostle of Allah, as for her statement "he beats me when I pray", she recites two surahs (during prayer) and I have prohibited her (to do so). He (the Prophet) said: If one surah is recited (during prayer), that is sufficient for the people.(Safwan continued:) As regards her saying "he makes me break my fast," she dotes on fasting; I am a young man, I cannot restrain myself. The Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) said on that day: A woman should not fast except with the permission of her husband.(Safwan said:) As for her statement that I do not pray until the sun rises, we are a people belonging to a class, and that (our profession of supplying water) is already known about us. We do not awake until the sun rises. He said: When you awake, offer your prayer}}

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	====Dress Requirements for Women and for Muhammad's Wives====		====Dress Requirements for Women and for Muhammad's Wives====
	{{Main\|Hijab\|Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Hijab}}See a much longer list of hadith supporting full face covering in the main articles.{{Quote\|{{Quran\|33\|53}}\|O you who have believed, do not enter the houses of the Prophet except when you are permitted for a meal, without awaiting its readiness. But when you are invited, then enter; and when you have eaten, disperse without seeking to remain for conversation. Indeed, that [behavior] was troubling the Prophet, and he is shy of [dismissing] you. But Allah is not shy of the truth. And when you ask [his wives] for something, ask them from behind a partition. That is purer for your hearts and their hearts. And it is not [conceivable or lawful] for you to harm the Messenger of Allah or to marry his wives after him, ever. Indeed, that would be in the sight of Allah an enormity.}}		{{Main\|Hijab\|Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Hijab}}Verses addressed to Muhammad's wives are often seen as an example for all women to follow (hence the justification for having them in the Qur'an).<ref>E.g. Qur'anic commentaries for [https://quranx.com/33.32-33 Q33:32-33], such as from [https://quranx.com/Tafsir/Kathir/33.32 Ibn Kathir (d 1373)] and [https://quranx.com/Tafsir/Maududi/33.32 Maududi (d 1979)]</ref> See a much longer list of hadith supporting full face covering in the main articles. {{Quote\|{{Quran\|33\|53}}\|O you who have believed, do not enter the houses of the Prophet except when you are permitted for a meal, without awaiting its readiness. But when you are invited, then enter; and when you have eaten, disperse without seeking to remain for conversation. Indeed, that [behavior] was troubling the Prophet, and he is shy of [dismissing] you. But Allah is not shy of the truth. And when you ask [his wives] for something, ask them from behind a partition. That is purer for your hearts and their hearts. And it is not [conceivable or lawful] for you to harm the Messenger of Allah or to marry his wives after him, ever. Indeed, that would be in the sight of Allah an enormity.}}{{Quote\|{{Quran\|33\|33}}\|And stay in your houses and (do) not display yourselves (as was the) display (of the times of) ignorance <i>(l-jāhiliyati)</i> the former. And establish the prayer and give zakah and obey Allah and His Messenger. Only Allah wishes to remove from you the impurity, (O) People (of) the House! And to purify you (with thorough) purification.}}{{quote \|{{Quran\|33\|59}}\|O Prophet, tell your wives and your daughters and the women of the believers to bring down over themselves [part] of their outer garments. That is more suitable that they will be known and not be abused. And ever is Allah Forgiving and Merciful.}}

	{{quote \|{{Quran\|33\|59}}\|O Prophet, tell your wives and your daughters and the women of the believers to bring down over themselves [part] of their outer garments. That is more suitable that they will be known and not be abused. And ever is Allah Forgiving and Merciful.}}

	{{quote \|{{Quran\|24\|31}}\|And tell the believing women to reduce [some] of their vision and guard their private parts and not expose their adornment except that which [necessarily] appears thereof and to wrap [a portion of] their headcovers over their chests and not expose their adornment except to their husbands, their fathers, their husbands' fathers, their sons, their husbands' sons, their brothers, their brothers' sons, their sisters' sons, their women, that which their right hands possess, or those male attendants having no physical desire, or children who are not yet aware of the private aspects of women. And let them not stamp their feet to make known what they conceal of their adornment. And turn to Allah in repentance, all of you, O believers, that you might succeed.}}		{{quote \|{{Quran\|24\|31}}\|And tell the believing women to reduce [some] of their vision and guard their private parts and not expose their adornment except that which [necessarily] appears thereof and to wrap [a portion of] their headcovers over their chests and not expose their adornment except to their husbands, their fathers, their husbands' fathers, their sons, their husbands' sons, their brothers, their brothers' sons, their sisters' sons, their women, that which their right hands possess, or those male attendants having no physical desire, or children who are not yet aware of the private aspects of women. And let them not stamp their feet to make known what they conceal of their adornment. And turn to Allah in repentance, all of you, O believers, that you might succeed.}}

CPO675: /* The amount of "blood money" (diya) for a murdered women is worth half that of a man */ Removed bold text from the citation

2025-02-01T09:22:42Z

The amount of "blood money" (diya) for a murdered women is worth half that of a man: Removed bold text from the citation

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:22, 1 February 2025
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	Women are classed as separate category than men, alongside slaves to free people, to take retribution on for murder.<ref>Lowry, Joseph E.. ''"[https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/asia-2023-0017/html?lang=en&srsltid=AfmBOopgJ7jZKaeahTy4etRPfjtYdhZMkRb9zLEi1AHJltXuAu8aYh-p Quranic Law and Its ‘Biblical’ Intertexts]" pp. 452–453.'' Asiatische Studien - Études Asiatiques, vol. 78, no. 3, 2024, pp. 431-467. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1515/asia-2023-0017</nowiki>		Women are classed as separate category than men, alongside slaves to free people, to take retribution on for murder.<ref>Lowry, Joseph E.. ''"[https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/asia-2023-0017/html?lang=en&srsltid=AfmBOopgJ7jZKaeahTy4etRPfjtYdhZMkRb9zLEi1AHJltXuAu8aYh-p Quranic Law and Its ‘Biblical’ Intertexts]" pp. 452–453.'' Asiatische Studien - Études Asiatiques, vol. 78, no. 3, 2024, pp. 431-467. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1515/asia-2023-0017</nowiki>

	''The rules set forth at Q. 5:45 are fairly congruent with the tort legislation found at Q. 2:178–179 and Q. 4:92–93. In Sūrat al-Baqara (Q. 2) the Quran licenses retaliation (qiṣāṣ) against socially equivalent individuals (naming free persons, enslaved per�sons, and women) in cases of homicide (v. 178) and identifies deterrence as the policy behind such retaliation (v. 179). That passage refers only to victims of homicide in general (al-qatlà, slain persons) and does not deal with intent, though it would be reasonable to infer that the rules there refer only to intentional killing.<sup>58</sup> The passage in Sūrat al-Nisāʾ distinguishes between intent and mistake in cases of homicide when the victim is a believer, requiring, in the case of mistaken killing, the freeing of a believing slave as penance (or fasting if the perpetrator is too poor to own a slave) and the payment of a blood price (diya) to the victim’s kin, which they may waive (v. 92). The Quran does not, in these two passages, address battery, and it does not expressly address intentional killing beyond declaring that it leads to perdition and divine wrath (Q. 4:93).''''All three passages share an important substantive element, which is the possi�bility of waiver of the claim for retaliation by the victim’s kin. In Sūrat al-Baqara (Q. 2), this idea is referred to relative to the perpetrator, using the verb “to pardon” (man ʿufiya la-hu, “whoever is pardoned,” v. 178). In Sūrat al-Nisāʾ (Q. 4) and Sūrat al�Māʾida (Q. 5) it is referred to relative to the claimants, using the verb meaning “to (charitably) waive” (illā an yaṣṣaddaqū, “unless they waive it,” Q. 4:92; man taṣad�daqa,“whoever waives it,” Q. 5:45). The biblical intertexts do not refer to waiver; that fact suggests that the possibility of waiver is part of quranic tort law and that the passage in Sūrat al-Māʾida should not be understood solely as a historical reference. The passage from Sūrat al-Māʾida also shares with that from Sūrat al-Baqara the idea of divine imposition of a law through scripture (prescription: kutiba, “it is/was prescribed”; katabnā, “We prescribe”) and the technical term qiṣāṣ (retaliation). The terminological and doctrinal similarities make it possible to read all three passages together to form a coherent legislative whole.~~<sup>~~59~~</sup>~~ They address intentional homicide (Q. 2:178–179; Q. 4:93; Q. 5:45), homicide by mistake (Q. 4:92), intentional wounding (Q. 5:45), and waiver of retaliation for intentional homicide and wounding (Q. 2:178; Q. 5:45). The only topic left unaddressed is unintentional wounding. Subtracting the verse from Sūrat al-Māʾida (Q. 5) form quranic tort law (i.e., reading it solely as a historical reference) would leave intentional wounding unaddressed.''</ref> Both classical<ref>[https://www.islamweb.net/en/fatwa/384850/a-woman%E2%80%99s-diyyah-is-half-of-that-of-the-man A Woman’s Diyyah is Half of That of the Man.] Islamnet.web fatwa. 2018</ref> and modern ~~(including the Al-Azhar University)~~<ref>Syed Naeem Badshah, & Kifait Ullah Hamdani. (2016). ''The issue of "blood money" or recompense for loss of a life of female; A detailed analysis in the light of Quran, traditions and intellect: The issue of "blood money" or recompense for loss of a life of female; A detailed analysis in the light of Quran, traditions and intellect.'' Al-Azhār University, 2(01), 22–50. Retrieved from <nowiki>https://www.al-azhaar.org/index.php/alazhar/article/view/379</nowiki></ref> Islamic authorities have taken the value paid for murdered women to avoid retaliation to be half that of a murdered man.		''The rules set forth at Q. 5:45 are fairly congruent with the tort legislation found at Q. 2:178–179 and Q. 4:92–93. In Sūrat al-Baqara (Q. 2) the Quran licenses retaliation (qiṣāṣ) against socially equivalent individuals (naming free persons, enslaved per�sons, and women) in cases of homicide (v. 178) and identifies deterrence as the policy behind such retaliation (v. 179). That passage refers only to victims of homicide in general (al-qatlà, slain persons) and does not deal with intent, though it would be reasonable to infer that the rules there refer only to intentional killing.<sup>58</sup> The passage in Sūrat al-Nisāʾ distinguishes between intent and mistake in cases of homicide when the victim is a believer, requiring, in the case of mistaken killing, the freeing of a believing slave as penance (or fasting if the perpetrator is too poor to own a slave) and the payment of a blood price (diya) to the victim’s kin, which they may waive (v. 92). The Quran does not, in these two passages, address battery, and it does not expressly address intentional killing beyond declaring that it leads to perdition and divine wrath (Q. 4:93)''.'

			''All three passages share an important substantive element, which is the possi�bility of waiver of the claim for retaliation by the victim’s kin. In Sūrat al-Baqara (Q. 2), this idea is referred to relative to the perpetrator, using the verb “to pardon” (man ʿufiya la-hu, “whoever is pardoned,” v. 178). In Sūrat al-Nisāʾ (Q. 4) and Sūrat al�Māʾida (Q. 5) it is referred to relative to the claimants, using the verb meaning “to (charitably) waive” (illā an yaṣṣaddaqū, “unless they waive it,” Q. 4:92; man taṣad�daqa,“whoever waives it,” Q. 5:45). The biblical intertexts do not refer to waiver; that fact suggests that the possibility of waiver is part of quranic tort law and that the passage in Sūrat al-Māʾida should not be understood solely as a historical reference. The passage from Sūrat al-Māʾida also shares with that from Sūrat al-Baqara the idea of divine imposition of a law through scripture (prescription: kutiba, “it is/was prescribed”; katabnā, “We prescribe”) and the technical term qiṣāṣ (retaliation). The terminological and doctrinal similarities make it possible to read all three passages together to form a coherent legislative whole.59 They address intentional homicide (Q. 2:178–179; Q. 4:93; Q. 5:45), homicide by mistake (Q. 4:92), intentional wounding (Q. 5:45), and waiver of retaliation for intentional homicide and wounding (Q. 2:178; Q. 5:45). The only topic left unaddressed is unintentional wounding. Subtracting the verse from Sūrat al-Māʾida (Q. 5) form quranic tort law (i.e., reading it solely as a historical reference) would leave intentional wounding unaddressed.''</ref> Both classical<ref>[https://www.islamweb.net/en/fatwa/384850/a-woman%E2%80%99s-diyyah-is-half-of-that-of-the-man A Woman’s Diyyah is Half of That of the Man.] Islamnet.web fatwa. 2018</ref> and modern<ref>Syed Naeem Badshah, & Kifait Ullah Hamdani. (2016). ''The issue of "blood money" or recompense for loss of a life of female; A detailed analysis in the light of Quran, traditions and intellect: The issue of "blood money" or recompense for loss of a life of female; A detailed analysis in the light of Quran, traditions and intellect.'' Al-Azhār University, 2(01), 22–50. Retrieved from <nowiki>https://www.al-azhaar.org/index.php/alazhar/article/view/379</nowiki></ref> Islamic authorities have taken the value paid for murdered women to avoid retaliation to be half that of a murdered man.

	====Women will Never be Fulfil her Husband's Rights Over Her====		====Women will Never be Fulfil her Husband's Rights Over Her====

CPO675: /* A Woman's witness and inheritance is half that of men */ Have added a section on women's blood money compensation for murder being half that of a man's

2025-02-01T09:19:17Z

A Woman's witness and inheritance is half that of men: Have added a section on women's blood money compensation for murder being half that of a man's

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:19, 1 February 2025
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	{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|1\|142}}\|O womenfolk, you should ask for forgiveness for I saw you in bulk amongst the dwellers of Hell. A wise lady said: Why is it, Allah’s Apostle, that women comprise the bulk of the inhabitants of Hell? The Prophet observed: ‘You curse too much and are ungrateful to your spouses. You lack common sense, fail in religion and rob the wisdom of the wise.’ Upon this the woman remarked: What is wrong with our common sense? The Prophet replied, ‘Your lack of common sense can be determined from the fact that the evidence of '''two women is equal to one man'''. That is a proof.}}		{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|1\|142}}\|O womenfolk, you should ask for forgiveness for I saw you in bulk amongst the dwellers of Hell. A wise lady said: Why is it, Allah’s Apostle, that women comprise the bulk of the inhabitants of Hell? The Prophet observed: ‘You curse too much and are ungrateful to your spouses. You lack common sense, fail in religion and rob the wisdom of the wise.’ Upon this the woman remarked: What is wrong with our common sense? The Prophet replied, ‘Your lack of common sense can be determined from the fact that the evidence of '''two women is equal to one man'''. That is a proof.}}

			==== The amount of "blood money" (diya) for a murdered women is worth half that of a man ====
			{{Quote\|{{Quran\|178-179}}\|O you who have faith! Retribution is prescribed for you regarding the slain: freeman for freeman, slave for slave, and female for female. But if one is granted any extenuation by his brother, let the follow up [for the blood-money] be honourable, and let the payment to him be with kindness. That is a remission from your Lord and a mercy; and should anyone transgress after that, there shall be a painful punishment for him. There is life for you in retribution, O you who possess intellects! Maybe you will be Godwary!}}{{Quote\|{{Muslim\|43\|4}}\|Yahya related to me from Malik that Ibn Shihab and also Urwa ibn az-Zubayr said the same as Said ibn al-Musayyab said about a woman. Her blood-money from a man is the same up to a third of the blood-money of a man. If what she is owed exceeds a third of the blood-money of the man, she is given up to half of the blood-money of a man.

			Malik said, "The explanation of that is that she has blood-money for a head wound that lays bare the bone and one that splinters the bone and for what is less than the brain wound and the belly wound and the like of that of those which obliges a third of the blood-money or more. If the amount owed her exceeds that, her blood- money in that is half of the blood-money of a man."}}
			Women are classed as separate category than men, alongside slaves to free people, to take retribution on for murder.<ref>Lowry, Joseph E.. ''"[https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/asia-2023-0017/html?lang=en&srsltid=AfmBOopgJ7jZKaeahTy4etRPfjtYdhZMkRb9zLEi1AHJltXuAu8aYh-p Quranic Law and Its ‘Biblical’ Intertexts]" pp. 452–453.'' Asiatische Studien - Études Asiatiques, vol. 78, no. 3, 2024, pp. 431-467. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1515/asia-2023-0017</nowiki>

			''The rules set forth at Q. 5:45 are fairly congruent with the tort legislation found at Q. 2:178–179 and Q. 4:92–93. In Sūrat al-Baqara (Q. 2) the Quran licenses retaliation (qiṣāṣ) against socially equivalent individuals (naming free persons, enslaved per�sons, and women) in cases of homicide (v. 178) and identifies deterrence as the policy behind such retaliation (v. 179). That passage refers only to victims of homicide in general (al-qatlà, slain persons) and does not deal with intent, though it would be reasonable to infer that the rules there refer only to intentional killing.<sup>58</sup> The passage in Sūrat al-Nisāʾ distinguishes between intent and mistake in cases of homicide when the victim is a believer, requiring, in the case of mistaken killing, the freeing of a believing slave as penance (or fasting if the perpetrator is too poor to own a slave) and the payment of a blood price (diya) to the victim’s kin, which they may waive (v. 92). The Quran does not, in these two passages, address battery, and it does not expressly address intentional killing beyond declaring that it leads to perdition and divine wrath (Q. 4:93).''''All three passages share an important substantive element, which is the possi�bility of waiver of the claim for retaliation by the victim’s kin. In Sūrat al-Baqara (Q. 2), this idea is referred to relative to the perpetrator, using the verb “to pardon” (man ʿufiya la-hu, “whoever is pardoned,” v. 178). In Sūrat al-Nisāʾ (Q. 4) and Sūrat al�Māʾida (Q. 5) it is referred to relative to the claimants, using the verb meaning “to (charitably) waive” (illā an yaṣṣaddaqū, “unless they waive it,” Q. 4:92; man taṣad�daqa,“whoever waives it,” Q. 5:45). The biblical intertexts do not refer to waiver; that fact suggests that the possibility of waiver is part of quranic tort law and that the passage in Sūrat al-Māʾida should not be understood solely as a historical reference. The passage from Sūrat al-Māʾida also shares with that from Sūrat al-Baqara the idea of divine imposition of a law through scripture (prescription: kutiba, “it is/was prescribed”; katabnā, “We prescribe”) and the technical term qiṣāṣ (retaliation). The terminological and doctrinal similarities make it possible to read all three passages together to form a coherent legislative whole.<sup>59</sup> They address intentional homicide (Q. 2:178–179; Q. 4:93; Q. 5:45), homicide by mistake (Q. 4:92), intentional wounding (Q. 5:45), and waiver of retaliation for intentional homicide and wounding (Q. 2:178; Q. 5:45). The only topic left unaddressed is unintentional wounding. Subtracting the verse from Sūrat al-Māʾida (Q. 5) form quranic tort law (i.e., reading it solely as a historical reference) would leave intentional wounding unaddressed.''</ref> Both classical<ref>[https://www.islamweb.net/en/fatwa/384850/a-woman%E2%80%99s-diyyah-is-half-of-that-of-the-man A Woman’s Diyyah is Half of That of the Man.] Islamnet.web fatwa. 2018</ref> and modern (including the Al-Azhar University)<ref>Syed Naeem Badshah, & Kifait Ullah Hamdani. (2016). ''The issue of "blood money" or recompense for loss of a life of female; A detailed analysis in the light of Quran, traditions and intellect: The issue of "blood money" or recompense for loss of a life of female; A detailed analysis in the light of Quran, traditions and intellect.'' Al-Azhār University, 2(01), 22–50. Retrieved from <nowiki>https://www.al-azhaar.org/index.php/alazhar/article/view/379</nowiki></ref> Islamic authorities have taken the value paid for murdered women to avoid retaliation to be half that of a murdered man.

	====Women will Never be Fulfil her Husband's Rights Over Her====		====Women will Never be Fulfil her Husband's Rights Over Her====

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2025-01-03T09:12:02Z

Dress Requirements for Women and for Muhammad's Wives

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	====Dress Requirements for Women and for Muhammad's Wives====		====Dress Requirements for Women and for Muhammad's Wives====
	{{Main\|Hijab\|Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Hijab}}		{{Main\|Hijab\|Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Hijab}}See a much longer list of hadith supporting full face covering in the main articles.{{Quote\|{{Quran\|33\|53}}\|O you who have believed, do not enter the houses of the Prophet except when you are permitted for a meal, without awaiting its readiness. But when you are invited, then enter; and when you have eaten, disperse without seeking to remain for conversation. Indeed, that [behavior] was troubling the Prophet, and he is shy of [dismissing] you. But Allah is not shy of the truth. And when you ask [his wives] for something, ask them from behind a partition. That is purer for your hearts and their hearts. And it is not [conceivable or lawful] for you to harm the Messenger of Allah or to marry his wives after him, ever. Indeed, that would be in the sight of Allah an enormity.}}

	{{Quote\|{{Quran\|33\|53}}\|O you who have believed, do not enter the houses of the Prophet except when you are permitted for a meal, without awaiting its readiness. But when you are invited, then enter; and when you have eaten, disperse without seeking to remain for conversation. Indeed, that [behavior] was troubling the Prophet, and he is shy of [dismissing] you. But Allah is not shy of the truth. And when you ask [his wives] for something, ask them from behind a partition. That is purer for your hearts and their hearts. And it is not [conceivable or lawful] for you to harm the Messenger of Allah or to marry his wives after him, ever. Indeed, that would be in the sight of Allah an enormity.}}

	{{quote \|{{Quran\|33\|59}}\|O Prophet, tell your wives and your daughters and the women of the believers to bring down over themselves [part] of their outer garments. That is more suitable that they will be known and not be abused. And ever is Allah Forgiving and Merciful.}}		{{quote \|{{Quran\|33\|59}}\|O Prophet, tell your wives and your daughters and the women of the believers to bring down over themselves [part] of their outer garments. That is more suitable that they will be known and not be abused. And ever is Allah Forgiving and Merciful.}}

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	{{Quran-range\|33\|50\|52}} permits Muhammad's use of concubines according to classical scholars, though only to marry them in the interpretation of Islamic modernists.		{{Quran-range\|33\|50\|52}} permits Muhammad's use of concubines according to classical scholars, though only to marry them in the interpretation of Islamic modernists.

	{{Quote\|{{Quran-range\|33\|50\|52}}\|O Prophet! We have made lawful to ~~thee thy~~ wives to whom ~~thou hast paid~~ their ~~dowers; '''~~and those ~~whom thy~~ right hand possesses ~~out~~ of ~~the prisoners of war~~''' ~~whom Allah has assigned to thee;~~ and daughters of ~~thy~~ paternal uncles and aunts, and daughters of ~~thy~~ maternal uncles and aunts, who ~~migrated (from Makka)~~ with ~~thee;~~ and ~~any~~ believing woman ~~who dedicates her soul~~ to the Prophet if the Prophet wishes to ~~wed~~ her;- this only for ~~thee~~, ~~and not for~~ the ~~Believers (at large);~~ We know what We have ~~appointed for~~ them ~~as to~~ their wives and ~~the captives whom~~ their right hands possess;- in order that there ~~should~~ be no ~~difficulty for thee~~. And Allah ~~is Oft-~~Forgiving~~, Most~~ Merciful.		{{Quote\|{{Quran-range\|33\|50\|52}}\|'''O Prophet, indeed We have made lawful to you your wives to whom you have given their due compensation and those your right hand possesses from what Allah has returned to you [of captives]''' and the daughters of your paternal uncles and the daughters of your paternal aunts and the daughters of your maternal uncles and the daughters of your maternal aunts who emigrated with you and a believing woman if she gives herself to the Prophet [and] if the Prophet wishes to marry her, [this is] only for you, excluding the [other] believers. We certainly know what We have made obligatory upon them concerning their wives and those their right hands possess, [but this is for you] in order that there will be upon you no discomfort. And ever is Allah Forgiving and Merciful

	You, [O Muhammad], may put aside whom you will of them or take to yourself whom you will. And any that you desire of those [wives] from whom you had [temporarily] separated - there is no blame upon you [in returning her]. That is more suitable that they should be content and not grieve and that they should be satisfied with what you have given them - all of them. And Allah knows what is in your hearts. And ever is Allah Knowing and Forbearing.		You, [O Muhammad], may put aside whom you will of them or take to yourself whom you will. And any that you desire of those [wives] from whom you had [temporarily] separated - there is no blame upon you [in returning her]. That is more suitable that they should be content and not grieve and that they should be satisfied with what you have given them - all of them. And Allah knows what is in your hearts. And ever is Allah Knowing and Forbearing.
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	In context ({{Quran-range\|4\|22\|25}}), both the following verses are about the right to marry female captives.		In context ({{Quran-range\|4\|22\|25}}), both the following verses are about the right to marry female captives.

	{{Quote\|{{Quran\|4\|24}}\| "Also (prohibited are) women already married, ~~'''~~except those whom your right hands possess''': Thus hath Allah ordained (Prohibitions) against you: Except for these, all others are lawful, provided ye seek (them in marriage) with gifts from your property,- desiring chastity, not lust, seeing that ye derive benefit from them, give them their dowers (at least) as prescribed; but if, after a dower is prescribed, agree Mutually (to vary it), there is no blame on you, and Allah is All-knowing, All-wise."}}		{{Quote\|{{Quran\|4\|24}}\| '''"Also (prohibited are) women already married, except those whom your right hands possess''': Thus hath Allah ordained (Prohibitions) against you: Except for these, all others are lawful, provided ye seek (them in marriage) with gifts from your property,- desiring chastity, not lust, seeing that ye derive benefit from them, give them their dowers (at least) as prescribed; but if, after a dower is prescribed, agree Mutually (to vary it), there is no blame on you, and Allah is All-knowing, All-wise."}}

	{{Quote\|{{Quran\|4\|25}}\|And whoever among you cannot [find] the means to marry free, believing women, then [he may marry] from those whom your right hands possess of believing slave girls. And Allah is most knowing about your faith. You [believers] are of one another. So marry them with the permission of their people and give them their due compensation according to what is acceptable. [They should be] chaste, neither [of] those who commit unlawful intercourse randomly nor those who take [secret] lovers. But once they are sheltered in marriage, if they should commit adultery, then for them is half the punishment for free [unmarried] women. This [allowance] is for him among you who fears sin, but to be patient is better for you. And Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.}}		{{Quote\|{{Quran\|4\|25}}\|And whoever among you cannot [find] the means to marry free, believing women, then [he may marry] from those whom your right hands possess of believing slave girls. And Allah is most knowing about your faith. You [believers] are of one another. So marry them with the permission of their people and give them their due compensation according to what is acceptable. [They should be] chaste, neither [of] those who commit unlawful intercourse randomly nor those who take [secret] lovers. But once they are sheltered in marriage, if they should commit adultery, then for them is half the punishment for free [unmarried] women. This [allowance] is for him among you who fears sin, but to be patient is better for you. And Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.}}
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	{{Quote\|{{Quran\|4\|3}}\|If you fear you can not treat orphans (girls) with fairness, then you may marry other women who seem good to you: two, three or four of them. But if you fear that you can not maintain equality among them, marry only one or any slave girls you may own, that will be more suitable. And give the women their dower as a free gift; but if they, of their own good pleasure, remit any part of it to you, eat it with enjoyment, take it with right good cheer and absorb it (in your wealth).}}		{{Quote\|{{Quran\|4\|3}}\|If you fear you can not treat orphans (girls) with fairness, then you may marry other women who seem good to you: two, three or four of them. But if you fear that you can not maintain equality among them, marry only one or any slave girls you may own, that will be more suitable. And give the women their dower as a free gift; but if they, of their own good pleasure, remit any part of it to you, eat it with enjoyment, take it with right good cheer and absorb it (in your wealth).}}

	This did not apply to Ali, Muhammad's son-in-law, who was limited to one wife since Ali was married to Fatima, who was Muhammad's daughter.		According to tradition, Muhammad himself was exempted from this limit (based on {{Quran-range\|33\|50\|52}} quoted above). This also did not apply to Ali, Muhammad's son-in-law, who was limited to one wife since Ali was married to Fatima, who was Muhammad's daughter.
	{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|7\|62\|157}}\|Narrated Al-Miswar bin Makhrama: I heard Allah's Apostle who was on the pulpit, saying, "Banu Hisham bin Al-Mughira have requested me to allow them to marry their daughter to Ali bin Abu Talib, but I don't give permission, and will not give permission unless 'Ali bin Abi Talib divorces my daughter in order to marry their daughter, because Fatima is a part of my body, and I hate what she hates to see, and what hurts her, hurts me."}}		{{Quote\|{{Bukhari\|7\|62\|157}}\|Narrated Al-Miswar bin Makhrama: I heard Allah's Apostle who was on the pulpit, saying, "Banu Hisham bin Al-Mughira have requested me to allow them to marry their daughter to Ali bin Abu Talib, but I don't give permission, and will not give permission unless 'Ali bin Abi Talib divorces my daughter in order to marry their daughter, because Fatima is a part of my body, and I hate what she hates to see, and what hurts her, hurts me."}}