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Scientific Errors in the Hadith: Difference between revisions
→Adam was a 90 foot giant: Removed some assumingly old text from the page. And added a reference of some books by academics covering evolution to show that this does not match anything scientific.
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===Adam was a 90 foot giant=== | ===Adam was a 90 foot giant=== | ||
Hadiths state that humans were created in the physical image of Allah, were at first 90 feet (60 cubits) tall, and have been decreasing in height ever since. The oldest human remains found in Ethiopia (Lucy and Ardi) are, however, shorter than modern humans. | Hadiths state that humans were created in the physical image of Allah, were at first 90 feet (60 cubits) tall, and have been decreasing in height ever since. The oldest human remains found in Ethiopia (Lucy and Ardi) are, however, shorter than modern humans. Nor does this match anything we know about the evolution and development of humans as a species.<ref>For the science of evolution covering modern humans for the general reader, see for example: | ||
''Who are we and how we got here: Ancient DNA and the new science of the human past'' by David Reich. 2018. | |||
''Evolution: The Human Story'' by Alice Roberts. 2023. | |||
''Human Origins 101'' by Holly Dunsworth. 2007. | |||
''The Greatest Show on Earth: The Evidence for Evolution'' by Richard Dawkins. 2010. | |||
''Our Human Story'' by Louise Humphrey and Chris Stringer. 2018. | |||
''Why Evolution is True (Oxford Landmark Science)'' by Jerry Coyne. 2009.</ref> | |||
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|4|55|543}}, See also: {{Muslim|40|6809 }} and {{Muslim|32|6325}}|Narrated Abu Huraira: | {{Quote|{{Bukhari|4|55|543}}, See also: {{Muslim|40|6809 }} and {{Muslim|32|6325}}|Narrated Abu Huraira: | ||
The Prophet said, "Allah created Adam, making him 60 cubits tall. When He created him, He said to him, "Go and greet that group of angels, and listen to their reply, for it will be your greeting (salutation) and the greeting (salutations of your offspring." So, Adam said (to the angels), As-Salamu Alaikum (i.e. Peace be upon you). The angels said, "As-salamu Alaika wa Rahmatu-l-lahi" (i.e. Peace and Allah's Mercy be upon you). Thus the angels added to Adam's salutation the expression, 'Wa Rahmatu-l-lahi,' Any person who will enter Paradise will resemble Adam (in appearance and figure). People have been decreasing in stature since Adam's creation.}} | The Prophet said, "Allah created Adam, making him 60 cubits tall. When He created him, He said to him, "Go and greet that group of angels, and listen to their reply, for it will be your greeting (salutation) and the greeting (salutations of your offspring." So, Adam said (to the angels), As-Salamu Alaikum (i.e. Peace be upon you). The angels said, "As-salamu Alaika wa Rahmatu-l-lahi" (i.e. Peace and Allah's Mercy be upon you). Thus the angels added to Adam's salutation the expression, 'Wa Rahmatu-l-lahi,' Any person who will enter Paradise will resemble Adam (in appearance and figure). People have been decreasing in stature since Adam's creation.}} | ||
==Astronomy== | ==Astronomy== | ||
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=== Failed eschatological predictions === | === Failed eschatological predictions === | ||
These hadith state judgement day will fall at least within the generation after Muhammad's lifetime. | These hadith state judgement day will fall at least within the generation after Muhammad's lifetime. | ||
{{Quote|{{Muslim|41|7052}}|When would the Last Hour come? Thereupon Allah's Messenger (way peace be upon him) kept quiet for a while. Then looked at a young boy in his presence belonging to the tribe of Azd Shanu'a and he said: If this boy lives he would not grow very old till the Last Hour would come to you. Anas said that this young boy was of our age during those days.}}{{Quote|{{Bukhari|8|73|188}}|A bedouin came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! When will The Hour be established?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Wailaka (Woe to you), What have you prepared for it?" The bedouin said, "I have not prepared anything for it, except that I love Allah and his Apostle." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "You will be with those whom you love." We (the companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) ) said, "And will we too be so? The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Yes." So we became very glad on that day. In the meantime, a slave of Al-Mughira passed by, and he was of the same age as I was. The Prophet (ﷺ) said. "If this (slave) should live long, he will not reach the geriatric old age, but the Hour will be established."}}The next hadith states it will not be established until Muslims fight the Jews, which appears to have happened since even during it's inception against the Jewish Tribe of Banu Qurayzah (''see: [[The Massacre of the Banu Qurayzah]]''), with more Islamic-Jewish violence throughout history, such as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1033_Fez_massacre 1033 Fez massacre], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1066_Granada_massacre 1066 Granada massacre] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1834_looting_of_Safed 1834 looting of Safed.] As well as ongoing [https://www.britannica.com/event/Arab-Israeli-wars Israel-Palestine battles] - yet 'the hour' has not been established. | {{Quote|{{Muslim|41|7052}}|When would the Last Hour come? Thereupon Allah's Messenger (way peace be upon him) kept quiet for a while. Then looked at a young boy in his presence belonging to the tribe of Azd Shanu'a and he said: If this boy lives he would not grow very old till the Last Hour would come to you. Anas said that this young boy was of our age during those days.}}{{Quote|{{Bukhari|8|73|188}}|A bedouin came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! When will The Hour be established?" The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Wailaka (Woe to you), What have you prepared for it?" The bedouin said, "I have not prepared anything for it, except that I love Allah and his Apostle." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "You will be with those whom you love." We (the companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) ) said, "And will we too be so? The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Yes." So we became very glad on that day. In the meantime, a slave of Al-Mughira passed by, and he was of the same age as I was. The Prophet (ﷺ) said. "If this (slave) should live long, he will not reach the geriatric old age, but the Hour will be established."}}It would happen within a century. | ||
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|4|52|177}}|Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The Hour will not be established until you fight with the Jews, and the stone behind which a Jew will be hiding will say. "O Muslim! There is a Jew hiding behind me, so kill him."}} | {{Quote|{{Muslim|31|6165}}|Abu Sa'id reported that when Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) came back from Tabuk they (his Companions) asked about the Last Hour. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: There would be none amongst the created beings living on the earth (who would survive this century).}} | ||
The next hadith states it will not be established until Muslims fight the Jews, which appears to have happened since even during it's inception against the Jewish Tribe of Banu Qurayzah (''see: [[The Massacre of the Banu Qurayzah]]''), with more Islamic-Jewish violence throughout history, such as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1033_Fez_massacre 1033 Fez massacre], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1066_Granada_massacre 1066 Granada massacre] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1834_looting_of_Safed 1834 looting of Safed.] As well as ongoing [https://www.britannica.com/event/Arab-Israeli-wars Israel-Palestine battles] - yet 'the hour' has not been established. | |||
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|4|52|177}}|Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The Hour will not be established until you fight with the Jews, and the stone behind which a Jew will be hiding will say. "O Muslim! There is a Jew hiding behind me, so kill him."}}There are also indirect references in the following hadith with Muhammad telling his current followers that they will see Jesus (who is not killed but rather ascended into heaven in the Islamic version of the story ({{Quran|4|157-158}})), return back to Earth, which is heavily associated with the end times in Islamic literature.<ref>[https://islamqa.info/en/answers/3221/did-jesus-come-back-down-to-earth-after-he-was-taken-up-or-not#:~:text=Jesus%20(peace%20be%20upon%20him)%20has%20not%20died%20yet%3B,the%20earth%20according%20to%20Islam. Did Jesus Come Back Down to Earth After he Was Taken up, or Not?] 2000. IslamQA.com</ref>{{Quote|{{Bukhari|3|34|425}}|Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "By Him in Whose Hands my soul is, son of Mary (Jesus) will shortly descend amongst you people (Muslims) as a just ruler and will break the Cross and kill the pig and abolish the Jizya (a tax taken from the non-Muslims, who are in the protection, of the Muslim government). Then there will be abundance of money and nobody will accept charitable gifts.}}{{Quote|{{Bukhari|4|55|658}}|Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said "How will you be when the son of Mary (i.e. Jesus) descends amongst you and your imam is among you."}}See also {{Bukhari|3|43|656}} and {{Abu Dawud|38|4310}} | |||
Interesting a non-canonical Qu'ran variant also mentions Jesus's second coming as a sign of the hour. <ref>Neuwirth, Angelika. The Qur'an and Late Antiquity: A Shared Heritage (Oxford Studies in Late Antiquity) (pp. 299-300). Oxford University Press. Kindle Edition. | |||
''The mention of the death of Jesus (Q 19:33) may ultimately, in view of the middle Meccan verse group Q 43:59–61 in which Jesus figures as “sign of the [final] hour,”<sup>89</sup> count not as a historical event but an eschatological one.'' | |||
(Ibid Kindle p p. 312) | |||
''Footnote 89:. Instead of the canonical Qur’anic reading, ʿilmun li-l-sāʿati, “knowledge about the hour,” Jesus’s qualification should rather be read as ʿalamun li-l-sāʿati, “sign of the hour.” The non-canonical interpretation is ascribed to Ikrima; see Jeffery, Materials, 173.''</ref> | |||
=== Year of the Elephant (and the battle's location) === | === Year of the Elephant (and the battle's location) === | ||