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== Qur'an==
 
According to the doctrine of qadr قدر everything that will ever happen has been envisioned by Allah and "written" in his book. This includes the fate of individual people in heaven or in hell. The Qur'an is actually quite explicit that Allah guides those he favors to heaven and belief and those he despises to unbelief and hell. The fate of individuals, therefore, is ultimately not in their hands but in Allah's, whose hands are not "chained" or restricted in any way; thus anything that Allah wills will come to pass, and only he knows what this fate is.
 
==Qur'an==


===Everything Happens by the Will of Allah===
===Everything Happens by the Will of Allah===
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{{Quote|{{Quran|6|125}}|Those whom Allah wills to guide, He opens their breast to Islam; '''Those whom He wills to leave straying, - he makes their breast close and constricted, as if they had to climb up to the skies''': thus does Allah lay abomination on those who refuse to believe.}}
{{Quote|{{Quran|6|125}}|Those whom Allah wills to guide, He opens their breast to Islam; '''Those whom He wills to leave straying, - he makes their breast close and constricted, as if they had to climb up to the skies''': thus does Allah lay abomination on those who refuse to believe.}}


{{Quote|{{Quran-range|7|178|179}}|'''Whomsoever Allah guides''', he is the one who follows the right way; '''and whomsoever He causes to err''', these are the losers. Many are the Jinns and men '''we have made for Hell'''.}}
{{Quote|{{Quran|7|178}}|'''Whomsoever Allah guides''', he is the one who follows the right way; '''and whomsoever He causes to err''', these are the losers. }}


{{Quote|{{Quran|11|34}}|My counsel will not profit you if I were minded to advise you, '''if Allah’s will is to keep you astray'''. He is your Lord and unto Him ye will be brought back. }}
{{Quote|{{Quran|11|34}}|My counsel will not profit you if I were minded to advise you, '''if Allah’s will is to keep you astray'''. He is your Lord and unto Him ye will be brought back. }}
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{{Quote|{{Quran|14|4}}|'''Allah leads astray''' whomsoever He will '''and guides whomsoever he will'''. }}
{{Quote|{{Quran|14|4}}|'''Allah leads astray''' whomsoever He will '''and guides whomsoever he will'''. }}


{{Quote|{{Quran|17|16}}|And '''when We desire to destroy a city, We command its men who live at ease, and they commit ungodliness therein''', then the Word is realized against it, and We destroy it utterly.}}
{{Quote|{{Quran|17|16}}|And '''when We desire to destroy a city, We command its men who live at ease, and they commit ungodliness therein''', then the Word is realized against it, and We destroy it utterly.}}{{Quote|{{Quran|17|97}}|<b>Whoever God guides, then he will be guided, while whoever He misguides, then he will never find helpers other than Him.</b> And We shall gather them on the Day of Judgment upon their faces, blind, dumb, and deaf. Their abode will be Jahannam. Every time it abates, We shall increase the fierceness of the Fire.”}}{{Quote|{{Quran|39|23}}|Allah hath (now) revealed the fairest of statements, a Scripture consistent, (wherein promises of reward are) paired (with threats of punishment), whereat doth creep the flesh of those who fear their Lord, so that their flesh and their hearts soften to Allah’s reminder. Such is Allah’s guidance, '''wherewith He guideth whom He will. And him whom Allah sendeth astray, for him there is no guide'''. }}
 
{{Quote|{{Quran|39|23}}|Allah hath (now) revealed the fairest of statements, a Scripture consistent, (wherein promises of reward are) paired (with threats of punishment), whereat doth creep the flesh of those who fear their Lord, so that their flesh and their hearts soften to Allah’s reminder. Such is Allah’s guidance, '''wherewith He guideth whom He will. And him whom Allah sendeth astray, for him there is no guide'''. }}


{{Quote|{{Quran-range|39|37|38}}|'''And whom Allah guides, there is none that can lead him astray'''; is not Allah Mighty, the Lord of retribution? And should you ask them, Who created the heavens and the earth? They would most certainly say: Allah. Say: Have you then considered that what you call upon besides Allah, would they, '''if Allah desire to afflict me with harm''', be the removers of His harm, or (would they), '''if Allah desire to show me mercy''', be the withholders of His mercy? Say: Allah is sufficient for me; on Him do the reliant rely. }}
{{Quote|{{Quran-range|39|37|38}}|'''And whom Allah guides, there is none that can lead him astray'''; is not Allah Mighty, the Lord of retribution? And should you ask them, Who created the heavens and the earth? They would most certainly say: Allah. Say: Have you then considered that what you call upon besides Allah, would they, '''if Allah desire to afflict me with harm''', be the removers of His harm, or (would they), '''if Allah desire to show me mercy''', be the withholders of His mercy? Say: Allah is sufficient for me; on Him do the reliant rely. }}
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{{Quote|{{Quran-range|42|44|46}}|'''He whom Allah sendeth astray, for him there is no protecting friend after Him'''. And thou (Muhammad) wilt see the evil-doers when they see the doom, (how) they say: Is there any way of return?… And they will have no protecting friends to help them instead of Allah. '''He whom Allah sendeth astray, for him there is no road'''.}}
{{Quote|{{Quran-range|42|44|46}}|'''He whom Allah sendeth astray, for him there is no protecting friend after Him'''. And thou (Muhammad) wilt see the evil-doers when they see the doom, (how) they say: Is there any way of return?… And they will have no protecting friends to help them instead of Allah. '''He whom Allah sendeth astray, for him there is no road'''.}}


{{Quote|{{Quran|76|31}}|'''He will admit to His Mercy whom He will'''; But the wrong-doers,- for them has He prepared a grievous Penalty. }}
{{Quote|{{Quran|76|31}}|'''He will admit to His Mercy whom He will'''; But the wrong-doers,- for them has He prepared a grievous Penalty. }}{{Quote|{{Quran|28|56}}|You cannot guide any one you like: <b>God guides whosoever He pleases.</b> He knows best who will come to guidance.}}


===Allah Decides whether a Person Will Believe ===
===Allah Decides whether a Person Will Believe===


{{Quote|{{Quran-range|10|99|100}}|And '''if your Lord had pleased, surely all those who are in the earth would have believed, all of them'''; will you then force men till they become believers? And '''it is not for a soul to believe except by Allah’s permission'''; and He casts uncleanness on those who will not understand. }}
{{Quote|{{Quran-range|10|99|100}}|And '''if your Lord had pleased, surely all those who are in the earth would have believed, all of them'''; will you then force men till they become believers? And '''it is not for a soul to believe except by Allah’s permission'''; and He casts uncleanness on those who will not understand. }}


{{Quote|{{Quran|58|22}}|Thou wilt not find folk who believe in Allah and the Last Day loving those who oppose Allah and His messenger, even though they be their fathers or their sons or their brethren or their clan. As for such, '''He hath written faith upon their hearts and hath strengthened them with a Spirit from Him''', and He will bring them into Gardens underneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide. Allah is well pleased with them, and they are well pleased with Him. They are Allah's party. Lo! is it not Allah's party who are the successful? }}
{{Quote|{{Quran|58|22}}|Thou wilt not find folk who believe in Allah and the Last Day loving those who oppose Allah and His messenger, even though they be their fathers or their sons or their brethren or their clan. As for such, '''He hath written faith upon their hearts and hath strengthened them with a Spirit from Him''', and He will bring them into Gardens underneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide. Allah is well pleased with them, and they are well pleased with Him. They are Allah's party. Lo! is it not Allah's party who are the successful? }}{{Quote|{{Quran|2|143}}|And thus we have made you a just community that you will be witnesses over the people and the Messenger will be a witness over you. And We did not make the qiblah which you used to face except that We might make evident who would follow the Messenger from who would turn back on his heels. <b>And indeed, it is difficult except for those whom Allah has guided. And never would Allah have caused you to lose your faith.</b> Indeed Allah is, to the people, Kind and Merciful.}}


===Allah Decides our Will===
===Allah Decides our Will===
{{Quote|{{Quran|33|36}}|<b>A faithful man or woman may not have any option in their matter, when Allah and His Apostle have decided on a matter,</b> and whoever disobeys Allah and His Apostle has certainly strayed into manifest error.}}{{Quote|{{Quran-range|74|55|56}}|Let any who will, keep it in remembrance! '''But none will keep it in remembrance except as Allah wills''': He is the Lord of Righteousness, and the Lord of Forgiveness. }}{{Quote|{{Quran|49|17}}|They make it a favour on you that they have accepted Islam. Say, ‘Do not bestow on me your acceptance of Islam. Nay! It is Allah who has bestowed upon you the favour, that He has guided you to Faith, if you are truthful.}}{{Quote|{{Quran-range|76|29|30}}|This is an admonition: Whosoever will, let him take a (straight) Path to his Lord. '''But ye will not, except as Allah wills'''; for Allah is full of Knowledge and Wisdom. }}
{{Quote|{{Quran-range|81|28|29}}|Unto whomsoever of you willeth to walk straight. '''And ye will not, unless (it be) that Allah willeth''', the Lord of Creation. }}


{{Quote|{{Quran-range|74|55|56}}|Let any who will, keep it in remembrance! '''But none will keep it in remembrance except as Allah wills''': He is the Lord of Righteousness, and the Lord of Forgiveness. }}
=== Allah knows children will become disbelievers ===
In the story of Moses and Al-Khidr found in Surah Al-Kahf (Chapter 18, verses 60-82), Al-Khidhr (named as a servant of God who [Allah] taught special knowledge) murders a child, with the reason being given that he will cause hardship to his parents through disbelief, so that he may replace him with a more faithful one.
{{Quote|{{Quran|18|65-81}}|18:65 And they found a servant from among Our servants to whom we had given mercy from us and had taught him from Us a [certain] knowledge.
18:66 Moses said to him, “May I follow you on [the condition] that you teach me from what you have been taught of sound judgement?”
18:67 He said, “Indeed, with me you will never be able to have patience.
18:68 And how can you have patience for what you do not encompass in knowledge?”
18:69 [Moses] said, “You will find me, if Allah wills, patient, and I will not disobey you in [any] order.”
18:70 He said, “Then if you follow me, do not ask me about anything until I make to you about it mention.”
18:71 So they set out, until when they had embarked on the ship, al-Khidr tore it open. [Moses] said, “Have you torn it open to drown its people? You have certainly done a grave thing.”
18:72 [Al-Khidr] said, “Did I not say that with me you would never be able to have patience?”
18:73 [Moses] said, “Do not blame me for what I forgot and do not cover me in my matter with difficulty.”
<b>18:74 So they set out, until when they met a boy, al-Khidr killed him. [Moses] said, “Have you killed a pure soul for other than [having killed] a soul? You have certainly done a deplorable thing.”
18:75 [Al-Khidr] said, “Did I not tell you that with me you would never be able to have patience?”
18:76 [Moses] said, “If I should ask you about anything after this, then do not keep me as a companion. You have obtained from me an excuse.” </b>
18:77 So they set out, until when they came to the people of a town, they asked its people for food, but they refused to offer them hospitality. And they found therein a wall about to collapse, so al-Khidr restored it. [Moses] said, “If you wished, you could have taken for it a payment.”
18:78 [Al-Khidr] said, “This is parting between me and you. I will inform you of the interpretation of that about which you could not have patience.
18:79 As for the ship, it belonged to poor people working at sea. So I intended to cause defect in it as there was after them a king who seized every [good] ship by force.
<b> 18:80 And as for the boy, his parents were believers, and we feared that he would overburden them by transgression and disbelief.
18:81 So we intended that their Lord should substitute for them one better than him in purity and nearer to mercy. </b>}}Interestingly this story is quoted in a hadith relating to war.
{{Quote|{{Muslim||1812b|reference}}|This tradition has been narrated by the game authority (Yazid b. Hurmus) through a different chain of transmitters with the following difference in the elucidation of one of the points raised by Najda in his letter to Ibn Abas:


{{Quote|{{Quran-range|76|29|30}}|This is an admonition: Whosoever will, let him take a (straight) Path to his Lord. '''But ye will not, except as Allah wills'''; for Allah is full of Knowledge and Wisdom. }}
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used not to kill the children, so thou shouldst not kill them unless you could know what Khadir had known about the child he killed, or you could distinguish between a child who would grow up to he a believer (and a child who would grow up to be a non-believer), so that you killed the (prospective) non-believer and left the (prospective) believer aside.}}


{{Quote|{{Quran-range|81|28|29}}|Unto whomsoever of you willeth to walk straight. '''And ye will not, unless (it be) that Allah willeth''', the Lord of Creation. }}
=== Allah knows people and jinn will disbelieve and go to hell ===
The second part of this verse confirms God is sure at least some people (and jinn) will be put into hell, and apparently therefore could not pass the 'test'. 
{{Quote|{{Quran|32|13}}|And if We had willed, We could have given every soul its guidance, but the word from Me will come into effect [that] "I will surely fill Hell with jinn and people all together.}}{{Quote|{{Quran|7|179}}|And We have certainly created for Hell many of the jinn and mankind. They have hearts with which they do not understand, they have eyes with which they do not see, and they have ears with which they do not hear. Those are like livestock; rather, they are more astray. It is they who are the heedless.}}


=== Human emotions and actions only happen if God is willing ===
{{Main|Inshallah_(If_Allah_Wills)}}In the second half of this verse Abraham's son (identified as Ishmael in Islamic tradition) does not simply say he will be patient (or try to be patient), as one would expect someone with free will to say, but rather he will be patient only if God wishes/wills him to be so.<ref>Reynolds, Gabriel Said. ''Allah: God in the Qur'an (pp. 53-54).'' Yale University Press. Kindle Edition.</ref> Other prophets use this language with the Qur'anic quotes being listed in the [[Inshallah (If Allah Wills)#In%20the%20Quran|main article]], seemingly not immune from God interfering in human emotions and affairs that affect the concept of a test.{{Quote|{{Quran|37|102}}|Then when he reached the (age of) working with him he said, "O my son! Indeed, I have seen in the dream that I am sacrificing you, so look what you see." He said, "O my father! Do what you are commanded. <b>You will find me, if Allah wills, of the patient ones."</b>}}
==Hadith==
==Hadith==


===Sahih Bukhari===
===Sahih Bukhari===


{{Quote|{{Bukhari|2|23|444}}| Narrated 'Ali: "We were accompanying a funeral procession in Baqi-I-Gharqad. The Prophet came to us and sat and we sat around him. He had a small stick in his hand then he bent his head and started scraping the ground with it. He then said, "'''There is none among you, and not a created soul, but has place either in Paradise or in Hell assigned for him and it is also determined for him whether he will be among the blessed or wretched'''." A man said, "O Allah's Apostle! Should we not depend on what has been written for us and leave the deeds as whoever amongst us is blessed will do the deeds of a blessed person and whoever amongst us will be wretched, will do the deeds of a wretched person?" The Prophet said, "The good deeds are made easy for the blessed, and bad deeds are made easy for the wretched." Then he recited the Verses:-- "As for him who gives (in charity) and is Allah-fearing And believes in the Best reward from Allah. " (92.5-6) }}
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|||1362|darussalam}}| Narrated 'Ali: "We were accompanying a funeral procession in Baqi-I-Gharqad. The Prophet came to us and sat and we sat around him. He had a small stick in his hand then he bent his head and started scraping the ground with it. He then said, "'''There is none among you, and not a created soul, but has place either in Paradise or in Hell assigned for him and it is also determined for him whether he will be among the blessed or wretched'''." A man said, "O Allah's Apostle! Should we not depend on what has been written for us and leave the deeds as whoever amongst us is blessed will do the deeds of a blessed person and whoever amongst us will be wretched, will do the deeds of a wretched person?" The Prophet said, "The good deeds are made easy for the blessed, and bad deeds are made easy for the wretched." Then he recited the Verses:-- "As for him who gives (in charity) and is Allah-fearing And believes in the Best reward from Allah. " (92.5-6) }}


{{Quote|{{Bukhari|2|23|465}}| Narrated Ibn Abbas: Allah's Apostle (p.b.u.h) was asked about the children of (Mushrikeen) pagans. The Prophet replied, "Since Allah created them, '''He knows what sort of deeds they would have done'''." }}
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|||1383|darussalam}}| Narrated Ibn Abbas: Allah's Apostle (p.b.u.h) was asked about the children of (Mushrikeen) pagans. The Prophet replied, "Since Allah created them, '''He knows what sort of deeds they would have done'''." }}


{{Quote|{{Bukhari|7|71|665}}|Narrated Abu Huraira:  
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|||5770|darussalam}}|Narrated Abu Huraira:  


'''The Prophet said, 'No 'Adha (i.e. no contagious disease is conveyed to others without Allah's permission'''); nor (any evil omen m the month of) Safar; nor Hama" A bedouin said, "O Allah's Apostle! What about the camels which, when on the sand (desert) look like deers, but when a mangy camel mixes with them they all get infected with mange?" On that Allah s Apostle said, "Then who conveyed the (mange) disease to the first (mangy) camel?"}}
'''The Prophet said, 'No 'Adha (i.e. no contagious disease is conveyed to others without Allah's permission'''); nor (any evil omen m the month of) Safar; nor Hama" A bedouin said, "O Allah's Apostle! What about the camels which, when on the sand (desert) look like deers, but when a mangy camel mixes with them they all get infected with mange?" On that Allah s Apostle said, "Then who conveyed the (mange) disease to the first (mangy) camel?"}}


{{Quote|{{Bukhari|6|60|473}}|Narrated 'Ali:  
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|||4948|darussalam}}|Narrated 'Ali:  


  While we were in a funeral procession in Baqi Al-Gharqad, Allah's Apostle came and sat down, and we sat around him. He had a small stick in his hand and he bent his head and started scraping the ground with it. He then said, '''"There is none among you, and no created soul but has his place written for him either in Paradise or in the Hell-Fire, and also has his happy or miserable fate (in the Hereafter) written for him."''' A man said, "O Allah's Apostle! Shall we depend upon what is written for us and give up doing (good) deeds? For whoever among us is destined to be fortunate (in the Hereafter), will join the fortunate peoples and whoever among us is destined to be miserable will do such deeds as are characteristic of the people who are destined to misery." The Prophet said, "Those who are destined to be happy (in the Hereafter) will find it easy and pleasant to do the deeds characteristic of those destined to happiness, while those who are to be among the miserable (in the Hereafter), will find it easy to do the deeds characteristic of those destined to misery." Then he recited: 'As for him who gives (in charity) and keeps his duty to Allah and believes in the Best reward from Allah, We will make smooth for him the path of ease. But he who is a greedy miser and thinks himself self sufficient, and gives the lie to the Best reward from Allah we will make smooth for him the path for evil.' (92.5-10)}}
  While we were in a funeral procession in Baqi Al-Gharqad, Allah's Apostle came and sat down, and we sat around him. He had a small stick in his hand and he bent his head and started scraping the ground with it. He then said, '''"There is none among you, and no created soul but has his place written for him either in Paradise or in the Hell-Fire, and also has his happy or miserable fate (in the Hereafter) written for him."''' A man said, "O Allah's Apostle! Shall we depend upon what is written for us and give up doing (good) deeds? For whoever among us is destined to be fortunate (in the Hereafter), will join the fortunate peoples and whoever among us is destined to be miserable will do such deeds as are characteristic of the people who are destined to misery." The Prophet said, "Those who are destined to be happy (in the Hereafter) will find it easy and pleasant to do the deeds characteristic of those destined to happiness, while those who are to be among the miserable (in the Hereafter), will find it easy to do the deeds characteristic of those destined to misery." Then he recited: 'As for him who gives (in charity) and keeps his duty to Allah and believes in the Best reward from Allah, We will make smooth for him the path of ease. But he who is a greedy miser and thinks himself self sufficient, and gives the lie to the Best reward from Allah we will make smooth for him the path for evil.' (92.5-10)}}


{{Quote|{{Bukhari|4|54|430}}|Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mus'ud:  
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|||3208|darussalam}}|Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mus'ud:  


Allah's Apostle, the true and truly inspired said, "(The matter of the Creation of) a human being is put together in the womb of the mother in forty days, and then he becomes a clot of thick blood for a similar period, and then a piece of flesh for a similar period. Then '''Allah sends an angel who is ordered to write four things. He is ordered to write down his (i.e. the new creature's) deeds, his livelihood, his (date of) death, and whether he will be blessed or wretched (in religion).''' Then the soul is breathed into him. So, a man amongst you may do (good deeds till there is only a cubit between him and Paradise and then what has been written for him decides his behavior and he starts doing (evil) deeds characteristic of the people of the (Hell) Fire. And similarly a man amongst you may do (evil) deeds till there is only a cubit between him and the (Hell) Fire, and then what has been written for him decides his behavior, and he starts doing deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise."}}
Allah's Apostle, the true and truly inspired said, "(The matter of the Creation of) a human being is put together in the womb of the mother in forty days, and then he becomes a clot of thick blood for a similar period, and then a piece of flesh for a similar period. Then '''Allah sends an angel who is ordered to write four things. He is ordered to write down his (i.e. the new creature's) deeds, his livelihood, his (date of) death, and whether he will be blessed or wretched (in religion).''' Then the soul is breathed into him. So, a man amongst you may do (good deeds till there is only a cubit between him and Paradise and then what has been written for him decides his behavior and he starts doing (evil) deeds characteristic of the people of the (Hell) Fire. And similarly a man amongst you may do (evil) deeds till there is only a cubit between him and the (Hell) Fire, and then what has been written for him decides his behavior, and he starts doing deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise."}}


{{Quote|{{Bukhari|9|93|641}}|Narrated 'Imran:  
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|||7551|darussalam}}|Narrated 'Imran:  


I said, "O Allah's Apostle! Why should a doer (people) try to do good deeds?' The Prophet said, "Everybody will find easy to do such deeds as will lead him '''to his destined place for which he has been created'''.'}}
I said, "O Allah's Apostle! Why should a doer (people) try to do good deeds?' The Prophet said, "Everybody will find easy to do such deeds as will lead him '''to his destined place for which he has been created'''.'}}


{{Quote|{{Bukhari|9|93|546}}|Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud: Allah's Apostle the true and truly inspired, narrated to us, "The creation of everyone of you starts with the process of collecting the material for his body within forty days and forty nights in the womb of his mother. Then he becomes a clot of thick blood for a similar period (40 days) and then he becomes like a piece of flesh for a similar period. Then '''an angel is sent to him (by Allah) and the angel is allowed (ordered) to write four things; his livelihood, his (date of) death, his deeds, and whether he will be a wretched one or a blessed one (in the Hereafter)''' and then the soul is breathed into him. So one of you may do (good) deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise so much that there is nothing except a cubit between him and Paradise but then what has been written for him decides his behavior and he starts doing (evil) deeds characteristic of the people of Hell (Fire) and (ultimately) enters Hell (Fire); and one of you may do (evil) deeds characteristic of the people of Hell (Fire) so much so that there is nothing except a cubit between him and Hell (Fire), then what has been written for him decides his behavior and he starts doing (good) deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise and ultimately) enters Paradise." (See Hadith No. 430, Vol. 4)}}
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|||7454|darussalam}}|Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud: Allah's Apostle the true and truly inspired, narrated to us, "The creation of everyone of you starts with the process of collecting the material for his body within forty days and forty nights in the womb of his mother. Then he becomes a clot of thick blood for a similar period (40 days) and then he becomes like a piece of flesh for a similar period. Then '''an angel is sent to him (by Allah) and the angel is allowed (ordered) to write four things; his livelihood, his (date of) death, his deeds, and whether he will be a wretched one or a blessed one (in the Hereafter)''' and then the soul is breathed into him. So one of you may do (good) deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise so much that there is nothing except a cubit between him and Paradise but then what has been written for him decides his behavior and he starts doing (evil) deeds characteristic of the people of Hell (Fire) and (ultimately) enters Hell (Fire); and one of you may do (evil) deeds characteristic of the people of Hell (Fire) so much so that there is nothing except a cubit between him and Hell (Fire), then what has been written for him decides his behavior and he starts doing (good) deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise and ultimately) enters Paradise." (See Hadith No. 430, Vol. 4)}}


{{Quote|{{Bukhari|8|77|593}}|Narrated ‘Abdullah:  
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|||6594|darussalam}}|Narrated ‘Abdullah:  


Allah's Apostle, the truthful and truly-inspired, said, “Each one of you collected in the womb of his mother for forty days, and then turns into a clot for an equal period (of forty days) and turns into a piece of flesh for a similar period (of forty days) and then '''Allah sends an angel and orders him to write four things, i.e., his provision, his age, and whether he will be of the wretched or the blessed (in the Hereafter)'''. Then the soul is breathed into him. And by Allah, a person among you (or a man) may do deeds of the people of the Fire till there is only a cubit or an arm-breadth distance between him and the Fire, '''but then that writing (which Allah has ordered the angel to write) precedes''', and he does the deeds of the people of Paradise and enters it; and a man may do the deeds of the people of Paradise till there is only a cubit or two between him and Paradise, '''and then that writing precedes''' and he does the deeds of the people of the Fire and enters it.”}}
Allah's Apostle, the truthful and truly-inspired, said, “Each one of you collected in the womb of his mother for forty days, and then turns into a clot for an equal period (of forty days) and turns into a piece of flesh for a similar period (of forty days) and then '''Allah sends an angel and orders him to write four things, i.e., his provision, his age, and whether he will be of the wretched or the blessed (in the Hereafter)'''. Then the soul is breathed into him. And by Allah, a person among you (or a man) may do deeds of the people of the Fire till there is only a cubit or an arm-breadth distance between him and the Fire, '''but then that writing (which Allah has ordered the angel to write) precedes''', and he does the deeds of the people of Paradise and enters it; and a man may do the deeds of the people of Paradise till there is only a cubit or two between him and Paradise, '''and then that writing precedes''' and he does the deeds of the people of the Fire and enters it.”}}


{{Quote|{{Bukhari|8|77|609}}|Narrated Ibn 'Abbas:  
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|||6612|darussalam}}|Narrated Ibn 'Abbas:  


I did not see anything so resembling minor sins as what Abu Huraira said from the Prophet, who said, “'''Allah has written for the son of Adam his inevitable share of adultery whether he is aware of it or not''': The adultery of the eye is the looking (at something which is sinful to look at), and the adultery of the tongue is to utter (what it is unlawful to utter), and the innerself wishes and longs for (adultery) and the private parts turn that into reality or refrain from submitting to the temptation.”}}
I did not see anything so resembling minor sins as what Abu Huraira said from the Prophet, who said, “'''Allah has written for the son of Adam his inevitable share of adultery whether he is aware of it or not''': The adultery of the eye is the looking (at something which is sinful to look at), and the adultery of the tongue is to utter (what it is unlawful to utter), and the innerself wishes and longs for (adultery) and the private parts turn that into reality or refrain from submitting to the temptation.”}}


{{Quote|{{Bukhari|8|77|611}}|Narrated Abu Huraira:  
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|||6614|darussalam}}|Narrated Abu Huraira:  


The Prophet said, “Adam and Moses argued with each other. Moses said to Adam. ‘O Adam! '''You are our father who disappointed us and turned us out of Paradise'''.’ Then Adam said to him, ‘O Moses! Allah favored you with His talk (talked to you directly) and He wrote (the Torah) for you with His Own Hand. '''Do you blame me for action which Allah had written in my fate forty years before my creation?'''’ So Adam confuted Moses, Adam confuted Moses," the Prophet added, repeating the Statement three times.}}
The Prophet said, “Adam and Moses argued with each other. Moses said to Adam. ‘O Adam! '''You are our father who disappointed us and turned us out of Paradise'''.’ Then Adam said to him, ‘O Moses! Allah favored you with His talk (talked to you directly) and He wrote (the Torah) for you with His Own Hand. '''Do you blame me for action which Allah had written in my fate forty years before my creation?'''’ So Adam confuted Moses, Adam confuted Moses," the Prophet added, repeating the Statement three times.}}


{{Quote|{{Bukhari|4|54|430}}|Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mus'ud: Allah's Apostle, the true and truly inspired said, "(The matter of the Creation of) a human being is put together in the womb of the mother in forty days, and then he becomes a clot of thick blood for a similar period, and then a piece of flesh for a similar period. Then '''Allah sends an angel who is ordered to write four things. He is ordered to write down his (i.e. the new creature's) deeds, his livelihood, his (date of) death, and whether he will be blessed or wretched (in religion)'''. Then the soul is breathed into him. So, a man amongst you may do (good deeds till there is only a cubit between him and Paradise and then what has been written for him decides his behavior and he starts doing (evil) deeds characteristic of the people of the (Hell) Fire. And similarly a man amongst you may do (evil) deeds till there is only a cubit between him and the (Hell) Fire, and then what has been written for him decides his behavior, and he starts doing deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise."}}
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|||3208|darussalam}}|Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mus'ud: Allah's Apostle, the true and truly inspired said, "(The matter of the Creation of) a human being is put together in the womb of the mother in forty days, and then he becomes a clot of thick blood for a similar period, and then a piece of flesh for a similar period. Then '''Allah sends an angel who is ordered to write four things. He is ordered to write down his (i.e. the new creature's) deeds, his livelihood, his (date of) death, and whether he will be blessed or wretched (in religion)'''. Then the soul is breathed into him. So, a man amongst you may do (good deeds till there is only a cubit between him and Paradise and then what has been written for him decides his behavior and he starts doing (evil) deeds characteristic of the people of the (Hell) Fire. And similarly a man amongst you may do (evil) deeds till there is only a cubit between him and the (Hell) Fire, and then what has been written for him decides his behavior, and he starts doing deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise."}}


{{Quote|{{Bukhari|4|55|549}}|Narrated Abdullah: Allah's Apostle, the true and truly inspired said, "(as regards your creation), every one of you is collected in the womb of his mother for the first forty days, and then he becomes a clot for an other forty days, and then a piece of flesh for an other forty days. Then '''Allah sends an angel to write four words: He writes his deeds, time of his death, means of his livelihood, and whether he will be wretched or blessed (in religion)'''. Then the soul is breathed into his body. So a man may do deeds characteristic of the people of the (Hell) Fire, so much so that there is only the distance of a cubit between him and it, and then what has been written (by the angel) surpasses, and so he starts doing deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise and enters Paradise. Similarly, a person may do deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise, so much so that there is only the distance of a cubit between him and it, and then what has been written (by the angel) surpasses, and he starts doing deeds of the people of the (Hell) Fire and enters the (Hell) Fire."}}
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|||3332|darussalam}}|Narrated Abdullah: Allah's Apostle, the true and truly inspired said, "(as regards your creation), every one of you is collected in the womb of his mother for the first forty days, and then he becomes a clot for an other forty days, and then a piece of flesh for an other forty days. Then '''Allah sends an angel to write four words: He writes his deeds, time of his death, means of his livelihood, and whether he will be wretched or blessed (in religion)'''. Then the soul is breathed into his body. So a man may do deeds characteristic of the people of the (Hell) Fire, so much so that there is only the distance of a cubit between him and it, and then what has been written (by the angel) surpasses, and so he starts doing deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise and enters Paradise. Similarly, a person may do deeds characteristic of the people of Paradise, so much so that there is only the distance of a cubit between him and it, and then what has been written (by the angel) surpasses, and he starts doing deeds of the people of the (Hell) Fire and enters the (Hell) Fire."}}


{{Quote|{{Bukhari|6|60|473}}| Narrated 'Ali:  
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|||4948|darussalam}}| Narrated 'Ali:  


While we were in a funeral procession in Baqi Al-Gharqad, Allah's Apostle came and sat down, and we sat around him. He had a small stick in his hand and he bent his head and started scraping the ground with it. He then said, '''"There is none among you, and no created soul but has his place written for him either in Paradise or in the Hell-Fire, and also has his happy or miserable fate (in the Hereafter) written for him."''' A man said, "O Allah's Apostle! Shall we depend upon what is written for us and give up doing (good) deeds? For whoever among us is destined to be fortunate (in the Hereafter), will join the fortunate peoples and whoever among us is destined to be miserable will do such deeds as are characteristic of the people who are destined to misery." The Prophet said, "Those who are destined to be happy (in the Hereafter) will find it easy and pleasant to do the deeds characteristic of those destined to happiness, while those who are to be among the miserable (in the Hereafter), will find it easy to do the deeds characteristic of those destined to misery." Then he recited: 'As for him who gives (in charity) and keeps his duty to Allah and believes in the Best reward from Allah, We will make smooth for him the path of ease. But he who is a greedy miser and thinks himself self sufficient, and gives the lie to the Best reward from Allah we will make smooth for him the path for evil.' (92.5-10)}}
While we were in a funeral procession in Baqi Al-Gharqad, Allah's Apostle came and sat down, and we sat around him. He had a small stick in his hand and he bent his head and started scraping the ground with it. He then said, '''"There is none among you, and no created soul but has his place written for him either in Paradise or in the Hell-Fire, and also has his happy or miserable fate (in the Hereafter) written for him."''' A man said, "O Allah's Apostle! Shall we depend upon what is written for us and give up doing (good) deeds? For whoever among us is destined to be fortunate (in the Hereafter), will join the fortunate peoples and whoever among us is destined to be miserable will do such deeds as are characteristic of the people who are destined to misery." The Prophet said, "Those who are destined to be happy (in the Hereafter) will find it easy and pleasant to do the deeds characteristic of those destined to happiness, while those who are to be among the miserable (in the Hereafter), will find it easy to do the deeds characteristic of those destined to misery." Then he recited: 'As for him who gives (in charity) and keeps his duty to Allah and believes in the Best reward from Allah, We will make smooth for him the path of ease. But he who is a greedy miser and thinks himself self sufficient, and gives the lie to the Best reward from Allah we will make smooth for him the path for evil.' (92.5-10)}}
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===Sahih Muslim===
===Sahih Muslim===


{{Quote|{{Muslim|33|6406}}|Abu al-Aswad reported that ‘Imran b Husain asked him: What is your view, what the people do today in the world, and strive for, '''is it something decreed for them or preordained for them''' or will their fate in the Hereafter be determined by the fact that their Prophets brought them teaching which they did not act upon? I said: '''Of course, it is something which is predetermined for them and preordained for them'''. He (further) said: Then, would it not be an injustice (to punish them)? I felt greatly disturbed because of that, and said: '''Everything is created by Allah and lies in His Power. He would not be questioned as to what He does, but they would be questioned'''; thereupon he said to me: May Allah have mercy upon you, I did not mean to ask you but for testing your intelligence. Two men of the tribe of Muzaina came to Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) and said: Allah’s Messenger, what is your opinion that the people do in the world and strive for, '''is something decreed for them; something preordained for them''' and will their fate in the Hereafter be determined by the fact that their Prophets brought them teachings which they did not act upon. And thus they became deserving of punishment? Thereupon, he said: '''Of course, it happens as it is decreed by Destiny and preordained for them, and this view is confirmed by this verse of the Book of Allah, the Exalted and Glorious: “Consider the soul and Him Who made it perfect, then breathed into it its sin and its piety”''' (xci. 8).}}  
{{Quote|{{Muslim||2650|reference}}|Abu al-Aswad reported that ‘Imran b Husain asked him: What is your view, what the people do today in the world, and strive for, '''is it something decreed for them or preordained for them''' or will their fate in the Hereafter be determined by the fact that their Prophets brought them teaching which they did not act upon? I said: '''Of course, it is something which is predetermined for them and preordained for them'''. He (further) said: Then, would it not be an injustice (to punish them)? I felt greatly disturbed because of that, and said: '''Everything is created by Allah and lies in His Power. He would not be questioned as to what He does, but they would be questioned'''; thereupon he said to me: May Allah have mercy upon you, I did not mean to ask you but for testing your intelligence. Two men of the tribe of Muzaina came to Allah’s Messenger (may peace be upon him) and said: Allah’s Messenger, what is your opinion that the people do in the world and strive for, '''is something decreed for them; something preordained for them''' and will their fate in the Hereafter be determined by the fact that their Prophets brought them teachings which they did not act upon. And thus they became deserving of punishment? Thereupon, he said: '''Of course, it happens as it is decreed by Destiny and preordained for them, and this view is confirmed by this verse of the Book of Allah, the Exalted and Glorious: “Consider the soul and Him Who made it perfect, then breathed into it its sin and its piety”''' (xci. 8).}}  


{{Quote|{{Muslim|1|1}}|It is narrated on the authority of Yahya b. Ya'mur that the first man who discussed about Qadr (Divine Decree) in Basra was Ma'bad al-Juhani. I along with Humaid b. 'Abdur-Rahman Himyari set out for prilgrimage or for 'Umrah and said: Should it so happen that we come into contact with one of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) '''we shall ask him a bout what is talked about Taqdir (Division Decree)'''. Accidentally we came across Abdullah ibn Umar ibn al-Khattab, while he was entering the mosque. My companion and I surrounded him. One of us (stood) on his right and the other stood on his left. I expected that my companion would authorize me to speak. I therefore said: Abu Abdur Rahman! there have appeared some people in our land who recite the Holy Qur'an and pursue knowledge. And then after talking about their affairs, added: '''They (such people) claim that there is no such thing as Divine Decree and events are not predestined'''. He (Abdullah ibn Umar) said: '''When you happen to meet such people tell them that I have nothing to do with them and they have nothing to do with me'''. And verily they are in no way responsible for my (belief). Abdullah ibn Umar swore by Him (the Lord) (and said): '''If any one of them (who does not believe in the Divine Decree) had with him gold equal to the bulk of (the mountain) Uhud and then, it (in the way of Allah), Allah would not accept it unless he affirmed his faith in Divine Decree'''. He further said: My father, Umar ibn al-Khattab, told me: One day we were sitting in the company of Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) when there appeared before us a man dressed in pure white clothes, his hair extraordinarily black. There were no signs of travel on him. None amongst us recognized him. At last he sat with the Apostle (peace be upon him) He knelt before him placed his palms on his thighs and said: Muhammad, inform me about al-Islam. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Al-Islam implies that you testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the messenger of Allah, and you establish prayer, pay Zakat, observe the fast of Ramadan, and perform pilgrimage to the (House) if you are solvent enough (to bear the expense of) the journey. He (the inquirer) said: You have told the truth. He (Umar ibn al-Khattab) said: It amazed us that he would put the question and then he would himself verify the truth. He (the inquirer) said: '''Inform me about Iman (faith). He (the Holy Prophet) replied: That you affirm your faith in Allah, in His angels, in His Books, in His Apostles, in the Day of Judgment, and you affirm your faith in the Divine Decree''' about good and evil. He (the inquirer) said: You have told the truth. He (the inquirer) again said: Inform me about al-Ihsan (performance of good deeds). He (the Holy Prophet) said: That you worship Allah as if you are seeing Him, for though you don't see Him, He, verily, sees you. He (the enquirer) again said: Inform me about the hour (of the Doom). He (the Holy Prophet) remarked: One who is asked knows no more than the one who is inquiring (about it). He (the inquirer) said: Tell me some of its indications. He (the Holy Prophet) said: That the slave-girl will give birth to her mistress and master, that you will find barefooted, destitute goat-herds vying with one another in the construction of magnificent buildings. He (the narrator, Umar ibn al-Khattab) said: Then he (the inquirer) went on his way but I stayed with him (the Holy Prophet) for a long while. He then, said to me: Umar, do you know who this inquirer was? I replied: Allah and His Apostle knows best. He (the Holy Prophet) remarked: He was Gabriel (the angel). He came to you in order to instruct you in matters of religion.}}
{{Quote|{{Muslim||8a|reference}}|It is narrated on the authority of Yahya b. Ya'mur that the first man who discussed about Qadr (Divine Decree) in Basra was Ma'bad al-Juhani. I along with Humaid b. 'Abdur-Rahman Himyari set out for prilgrimage or for 'Umrah and said: Should it so happen that we come into contact with one of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) '''we shall ask him a bout what is talked about Taqdir (Division Decree)'''. Accidentally we came across Abdullah ibn Umar ibn al-Khattab, while he was entering the mosque. My companion and I surrounded him. One of us (stood) on his right and the other stood on his left. I expected that my companion would authorize me to speak. I therefore said: Abu Abdur Rahman! there have appeared some people in our land who recite the Holy Qur'an and pursue knowledge. And then after talking about their affairs, added: '''They (such people) claim that there is no such thing as Divine Decree and events are not predestined'''. He (Abdullah ibn Umar) said: '''When you happen to meet such people tell them that I have nothing to do with them and they have nothing to do with me'''. And verily they are in no way responsible for my (belief). Abdullah ibn Umar swore by Him (the Lord) (and said): '''If any one of them (who does not believe in the Divine Decree) had with him gold equal to the bulk of (the mountain) Uhud and then, it (in the way of Allah), Allah would not accept it unless he affirmed his faith in Divine Decree'''. He further said: My father, Umar ibn al-Khattab, told me: One day we were sitting in the company of Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) when there appeared before us a man dressed in pure white clothes, his hair extraordinarily black. There were no signs of travel on him. None amongst us recognized him. At last he sat with the Apostle (peace be upon him) He knelt before him placed his palms on his thighs and said: Muhammad, inform me about al-Islam. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Al-Islam implies that you testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the messenger of Allah, and you establish prayer, pay Zakat, observe the fast of Ramadan, and perform pilgrimage to the (House) if you are solvent enough (to bear the expense of) the journey. He (the inquirer) said: You have told the truth. He (Umar ibn al-Khattab) said: It amazed us that he would put the question and then he would himself verify the truth. He (the inquirer) said: '''Inform me about Iman (faith). He (the Holy Prophet) replied: That you affirm your faith in Allah, in His angels, in His Books, in His Apostles, in the Day of Judgment, and you affirm your faith in the Divine Decree''' about good and evil. He (the inquirer) said: You have told the truth. He (the inquirer) again said: Inform me about al-Ihsan (performance of good deeds). He (the Holy Prophet) said: That you worship Allah as if you are seeing Him, for though you don't see Him, He, verily, sees you. He (the enquirer) again said: Inform me about the hour (of the Doom). He (the Holy Prophet) remarked: One who is asked knows no more than the one who is inquiring (about it). He (the inquirer) said: Tell me some of its indications. He (the Holy Prophet) said: That the slave-girl will give birth to her mistress and master, that you will find barefooted, destitute goat-herds vying with one another in the construction of magnificent buildings. He (the narrator, Umar ibn al-Khattab) said: Then he (the inquirer) went on his way but I stayed with him (the Holy Prophet) for a long while. He then, said to me: Umar, do you know who this inquirer was? I replied: Allah and His Apostle knows best. He (the Holy Prophet) remarked: He was Gabriel (the angel). He came to you in order to instruct you in matters of religion.}}


{{Quote|{{Muslim|1|6}}|It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: Ask me (about matters pertaining to religion), but they (the Companions of the Holy Prophet) were too much overawed out of profound respect for him to ask him (anything). In the meanwhile a man came there, and sat near his knees and said: Messenger of Allah, what al-lslam is? -to which he (the Holy Prophet) replied: You must not associate anything with Allah, and establish prayer, pay the poor-rate (Zakat) and observe (the fasts) of Ramadan. He said: You (have) told the truth. He (again) said: '''Messenger of Allah, what al-Iman (the faith) is? He (the Holy Prophet) said: That you affirm your faith in Allah, His angels, His Books, His meeting, His Apostles, and that you believe in Resurrection and that you believe in Qadr (Divine Decree) in all its entirety, He (the inquirer) said: You (have) told the truth'''. He (again) said: Messenger of Allah, what al-Ihsan is? Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) said: (Al-Ihsan implies) that you fear Allah as if you are seeing Him, and though you see Him not, verily He is seeing you. He (the inquirer) said: You (have) told the truth. He (the inquirer) said: When there would be the hour (of Doom)? (Upon this) he (the Holy Prophet said: The one who is being asked about it is no better informed than the inquirer himself. I, however, narrate some of its signs (and these are): when you see a slave (woman) giving birth to her master - that is one of the signs of (Doom); when you see barefooted, naked, deaf and dumb (ignorant and foolish persons) as the rulers of the earth - that is one of the signs of the Doom. And when you see the shepherds of black camels exult in buildings - that is one of the signs of Doom. The (Doom) is one of the five things (wrapped) in the unseen. No one knows them except Allah. Then (the Holy Prophet) recited (the following verse): “Verily Allah! with Him alone is the knowledge of the hour and He it is Who sends down the rain and knows that which is in the wombs and no person knows whatsoever he shall earn on morrow and a person knows not in whatsoever land he shall die. Verily Allah is Knowing, Aware.” He (the narrator, Abu Huraira) said: Then the person stood up an (made his way). The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: Bring him back to me. He was searched for, but they (the Companions of the Holy Prophet) could not find him. The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) thereupon said: He was Gabriel and he wanted to teach you (things pertaining to religion) when you did not ask (them yourselves).}}
{{Quote|{{Muslim||10|reference}}|It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: Ask me (about matters pertaining to religion), but they (the Companions of the Holy Prophet) were too much overawed out of profound respect for him to ask him (anything). In the meanwhile a man came there, and sat near his knees and said: Messenger of Allah, what al-lslam is? -to which he (the Holy Prophet) replied: You must not associate anything with Allah, and establish prayer, pay the poor-rate (Zakat) and observe (the fasts) of Ramadan. He said: You (have) told the truth. He (again) said: '''Messenger of Allah, what al-Iman (the faith) is? He (the Holy Prophet) said: That you affirm your faith in Allah, His angels, His Books, His meeting, His Apostles, and that you believe in Resurrection and that you believe in Qadr (Divine Decree) in all its entirety, He (the inquirer) said: You (have) told the truth'''. He (again) said: Messenger of Allah, what al-Ihsan is? Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) said: (Al-Ihsan implies) that you fear Allah as if you are seeing Him, and though you see Him not, verily He is seeing you. He (the inquirer) said: You (have) told the truth. He (the inquirer) said: When there would be the hour (of Doom)? (Upon this) he (the Holy Prophet said: The one who is being asked about it is no better informed than the inquirer himself. I, however, narrate some of its signs (and these are): when you see a slave (woman) giving birth to her master - that is one of the signs of (Doom); when you see barefooted, naked, deaf and dumb (ignorant and foolish persons) as the rulers of the earth - that is one of the signs of the Doom. And when you see the shepherds of black camels exult in buildings - that is one of the signs of Doom. The (Doom) is one of the five things (wrapped) in the unseen. No one knows them except Allah. Then (the Holy Prophet) recited (the following verse): “Verily Allah! with Him alone is the knowledge of the hour and He it is Who sends down the rain and knows that which is in the wombs and no person knows whatsoever he shall earn on morrow and a person knows not in whatsoever land he shall die. Verily Allah is Knowing, Aware.” He (the narrator, Abu Huraira) said: Then the person stood up an (made his way). The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: Bring him back to me. He was searched for, but they (the Companions of the Holy Prophet) could not find him. The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) thereupon said: He was Gabriel and he wanted to teach you (things pertaining to religion) when you did not ask (them yourselves).}}


{{Quote|{{Muslim|33|6390}}|Abdullah (b. Mas'ud) reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) who is the most truthful (of the human beings) and his being truthful (is a fact) said: '''Verily your creation is on this wise'''. The constituents of one of you are collected for forty days in his mother's womb in the form of blood, after which it becomes a clot of blood in another period of forty days. Then it becomes a lump of flesh and forty days later '''Allah sends His angel to it with instructions concerning four things, so the angel writes down his livelihood, his death, his deeds, his fortune and misfortune'''. By Him, besides Whom there is no god, that one amongst you acts like the people deserving Paradise until between him and Paradise there remains but the distance of a cubit, when suddenly the writing of destiny overcomes him and he begins to act like the denizens of Hell and thus enters Hell, and another one acts in the way of the denizens of Hell, until there remains between him and Hell a distance of a cubit that the writing of destiny overcomes him and then he begins to act like the people of Paradise and enters Paradise.}}
{{Quote|{{Muslim||2643a|reference}}|Abdullah (b. Mas'ud) reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) who is the most truthful (of the human beings) and his being truthful (is a fact) said: '''Verily your creation is on this wise'''. The constituents of one of you are collected for forty days in his mother's womb in the form of blood, after which it becomes a clot of blood in another period of forty days. Then it becomes a lump of flesh and forty days later '''Allah sends His angel to it with instructions concerning four things, so the angel writes down his livelihood, his death, his deeds, his fortune and misfortune'''. By Him, besides Whom there is no god, that one amongst you acts like the people deserving Paradise until between him and Paradise there remains but the distance of a cubit, when suddenly the writing of destiny overcomes him and he begins to act like the denizens of Hell and thus enters Hell, and another one acts in the way of the denizens of Hell, until there remains between him and Hell a distance of a cubit that the writing of destiny overcomes him and then he begins to act like the people of Paradise and enters Paradise.}}


{{Quote|{{Muslim|33|6436}}|'A'isha, the mother of the believers, said that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) was called to lead the funeral prayer of a child of the Ansar. I said: Allah's Messenger, there is happiness for this child who is a bird from the birds of Paradise for it committed no sin nor has he reached the age when one can commit sin. He said: 'A'isha, per adventure, it may be otherwise, because '''God created for Paradise those who are fit for it while they were yet in their father's loins and created for Hell those who are to go to Hell. He created them for Hell while they were yet in their father's loins'''.}}
{{Quote|{{Muslim||2662c|reference}}|'A'isha, the mother of the believers, said that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) was called to lead the funeral prayer of a child of the Ansar. I said: Allah's Messenger, there is happiness for this child who is a bird from the birds of Paradise for it committed no sin nor has he reached the age when one can commit sin. He said: 'A'isha, per adventure, it may be otherwise, because '''God created for Paradise those who are fit for it while they were yet in their father's loins and created for Hell those who are to go to Hell. He created them for Hell while they were yet in their father's loins'''.}}


{{Quote|{{Muslim|33|6421}}|Abu Huraira reported Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) as saying: Verily '''Allah has fixed the very portion of adultery which a man will indulge in, and which he of necessity must commit'''. The adultery of the eye is the lustful look, and the adultery of the tongue is the licentious speech, the heart desires and yearns, which the parts may or may not put into effect.}}
{{Quote|{{Muslim||2657b|reference}}|Abu Huraira reported Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) as saying: Verily '''Allah has fixed the very portion of adultery which a man will indulge in, and which he of necessity must commit'''. The adultery of the eye is the lustful look, and the adultery of the tongue is the licentious speech, the heart desires and yearns, which the parts may or may not put into effect.}}


{{Quote|{{Muslim|33|6422}}|Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying. '''Allah fixed the very portion of adultery which a man will indulge in. There would be no escape from it'''. The adultery of the eye is the lustful look and the adultery of the ears is listening to voluptuous (song or talk) and the adultery of the tongue is licentious speech and the adultery of the hand is the lustful grip (embrace) and the adultery of the feet is to walk (to the place) where he intends to commit adultery and the heart yearns and desires which he may or may not put into effect.}}
{{Quote|{{Muslim||2658a|reference}}|Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying. '''Allah fixed the very portion of adultery which a man will indulge in. There would be no escape from it'''. The adultery of the eye is the lustful look and the adultery of the ears is listening to voluptuous (song or talk) and the adultery of the tongue is licentious speech and the adultery of the hand is the lustful grip (embrace) and the adultery of the feet is to walk (to the place) where he intends to commit adultery and the heart yearns and desires which he may or may not put into effect.}}


===Miscellaneous===
===Miscellaneous===


{{Quote|Tabari I:305|Then Allah rubbed Adam's back and brought forth his progeny. And every living being to be created by Allah to the Day of Resurrection came forth. He scattered them in front of him like tiny ants. '''He took two handfuls and said to those on the right, 'Enter Paradise! And He said to the others, 'Enter the Fire!''' I do not care.}}
{{Quote|{{Abu Dawud||4713|darussalam}}
|‘A’ishah, mother of the believers, said :
The Prophet (May peace be upon him) was invited to the funeral of a boy who belonged to the Ansar and I said; Messenger of Allah! This one is blessed, for he has done no evil, nor has he known it. He replied : It may be otherwise, ‘A’ishah, for '''Allah created Paradise and created those who will go to it, and He created it for them when they were still in their father’s loins; and he created hell and created those who will go to it, and created it for them when they were still in their father’s loins'''.}}


{{Quote|Ishaq:395|No soul can die but by Allah's permission in a term that is written.}}
{{Quote|{{citation|title=The History of al-Tabari|trans_title=Ta’rikh al-rusul wa’l-muluk|volume=vol. I|ISBN=0-88706-562-7|year=1989|publisher=SUNY Press|author=al-Tabari (d. 923)|editor1=Franz Rosenthal|editor2=W. Montgomery Watt|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryAlTabari40Vol/History_Al-Tabari_10_Vol/page/n1/mode/2up|page=305}}<br>{{citation|title=تاريخ الرسل والملوك|author=أبو جعفر الطبري|url=https://app.turath.io/book/9783|publisher=al-Maktabah al-Shamilah|volume=vol.1 |page=133-34}}
|Then Allah rubbed Adam's back and brought forth his progeny. And every living being to be created by Allah to the Day of Resurrection came forth. He scattered them in front of him like tiny ants. '''He took two handfuls and said to those on the right, 'Enter Paradise! And He said to the others, 'Enter the Fire!''' I do not care.}}


{{Quote|Tabari I:202|There are '''people who consider predestination untrue'''. Then they '''consider the Qur'an untrue'''.... People merely carry out what is a foregone conclusion, decided by predestination and written down by the Pen.}}
{{Quote|
{{citation|title=The Life of Muhammad|trans_title=Sirat Rasul Allah|ISBN=0-19-636033-1|year=1955|publisher=Oxford UP|author1=Ibn Ishaq (d. 768)|author2=Ibn Hisham (d. 833)|editor=A. Guillaume|url=https://archive.org/details/GuillaumeATheLifeOfMuhammad/page/n1/mode/2up|page=395}}<br>{{citation|title=سيرة ابن هشام ت السقا|author1=ابن إسحاق|author2=ابن هشام|url=https://app.turath.io/book/23833|publisher=al-Maktabah al-Shamilah|volume=vol.2 |page=111}}|No soul can die but by Allah's permission in a term that is written.}}


{{Quote|Tabari I:306|The Messenger said, "Allah created Adam and then rubbed Adam's back with his right hand and brought forth his progeny. Then He said, ''''I have created these as the inhabitants of Paradise'''.' Then he rubbed his back with His left hand and said, ''''I have created those for the Fire, and they will act as the inhabitants of the Fire'''.' A man asked, 'O Messenger, how is that?' Muhammad replied, 'When Allah creates a human being for Paradise, He employs him to act as the inhabitants of Paradise, and he will enter Paradise. And when Allah creates a human being for the Fire, He will employ him to act as the inhabitants of the Fire, and will thus make him enter the Fire.'}}
{{Quote|{{citation|title=The History of al-Tabari|trans_title=Ta’rikh al-rusul wa’l-muluk|volume=vol. I|ISBN=0-88706-562-7|year=1989|publisher=SUNY Press|author=al-Tabari (d. 923)|editor1=Franz Rosenthal|editor2=W. Montgomery Watt|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryAlTabari40Vol/History_Al-Tabari_10_Vol/page/n1/mode/2up|page=201-202}}<br>{{citation|title=تاريخ الرسل والملوك|author=أبو جعفر الطبري|url=https://app.turath.io/book/9783|publisher=al-Maktabah al-Shamilah|volume=vol.1|page=34}}
 
|There are people who consider From the Creation to the Flood predestination untrue? He said: (Then), they consider the Book of God untrue! I shall seize one of them by the hair and shake him up. God was on His Throne before He created anything. The first (thing) created by God was the Pen. It proceeded to (write) whatever is going to be to the Day of Resurrection . People will proceed merely in accordance with what is a foregone conclusion (decided by predestination and written down by the Pen). }}
 
{{Quote|{{citation|title=The History of al-Tabari|trans_title=Ta’rikh al-rusul wa’l-muluk|volume=vol. I|ISBN=0-88706-562-7|year=1989|publisher=SUNY Press|author=al-Tabari (d. 923)|editor1=Franz Rosenthal|editor2=W. Montgomery Watt|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryAlTabari40Vol/History_Al-Tabari_10_Vol/page/n1/mode/2up|page=306}}<br>{{citation|title=تاريخ الرسل والملوك|author=أبو جعفر الطبري|url=https://app.turath.io/book/9783|publisher=al-Maktabah al-Shamilah|volume=vol.1 |page=135}}|Then He said: I have created these for Paradise, and they will act as the inhabitants of Paradise. Then He rubbed his back with His left hand and said: I have created those for the Fire, and they will
act as the inhabitants of the Fire. A man asked: O Messenger of God, how is that? Muhammad replied: When God creates a human being for Paradise, He employs him to act as the inhabitants of Paradise, and he will enter Paradise. And when God creates a
human being for the Fire, He will employ him to act as the inhabitants of the Fire, and will thus make him enter the Fire.}}


==Scholars==
==Scholars==
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[[Category:Hell]]
[[Category:Hell]]
[[Category:Heaven]]
[[Category:Heaven]]
[[Category:Qadr (fate)]]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hlp2rajAgzw Hassan Radwan - Khidr & Killing of the Boy] - ''YouTube Video''
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jCYNaL4u_C4 Hassan Radwan - "I'll surely fill Hell with Jinn & People"] - ''YouTube Video''
[[ar:القرآن_والحديث_والعلماء:_القدر]]
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