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Islam and Homosexuality: Difference between revisions
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{{QualityScore|Lead=1|Structure=3|Content=3|Language=2|References=3}}Homosexuality is considered a sin in Islam and punishable under [[Islamic Law|Islamic law]], which is derived from the [[Qur'an|Quran]] and [[Hadith]] (accounts of [[Muhammad|Muhammad's]] life). Homosexual acts and relationships are forbidden in many Islamic countries, though surveys show increasing acceptance among Muslim populations in Western countries. | {{QualityScore|Lead=1|Structure=3|Content=3|Language=2|References=3}}Homosexuality is considered a sin in Islam and punishable under [[Islamic Law|Islamic law]], which is derived from the [[Qur'an|Quran]] and [[Hadith]] (accounts of [[Muhammad|Muhammad's]] life). Homosexual acts and relationships are forbidden in many Islamic countries, though surveys show increasing acceptance among Muslim populations in Western countries. | ||
==In Islamic law== | ==In Islamic law== | ||
The four [[Sunni]] [[Madhab|schools of jurisprudence]] all agree that practicing homosexuality is an egregious crime that merits an especially harsh [[Punishments|punishment]], although the exact punishment varies. In the Hanafi school, homosexuals are first to be beaten harshly and then executed if they persist in their behavior. In the Shafi'i school, they are punished in the same manner as one who engages in [[Zina|illegal intercourse (''zina'')]], receiving 100 lashes if unmarried or being stoned to death if married. Some scholars, referencing the practices of the four [[Rashidun Caliphs|Rightly-Guided (''Rashidun'') Caliphs]], hold that homosexuals should be thrown from tall buildings,<ref>[http://www.islamonline.net/servlet/Satellite?pagename=IslamOnline-English-Ask_Scholar/FatwaE/FatwaE&cid=1119503545556 Fatwa Bank: Death Fall as Punishment for Homosexuality] - Islam Online, July 22, 2002</ref> while others believe that the punishment for homosexual acts should be life imprisonment or stoning.<ref>"''So when Our punishment came upon the people of Lut, We turned the city upside down and showered them with stones of baked clay, one after another.''" - {{Quran|11|82}}</ref> One opinion holds that "passive" participants in homosexual acts should be executed in all circumstances, while the "active" participant may escape execution if unmarried and instead receive 100 lashes.<ref>See the chapter on "hudud" in Sharaya and Sharh Lum'a also al-Khu'i, Takmilah, p. 42-44.</ref> Opinions also vary on whether the means of execution should be stoning or beheading. The Quran itself | The four [[Sunni]] [[Madhab|schools of jurisprudence]] all agree that practicing homosexuality is an egregious crime that merits an especially harsh [[Punishments|punishment]], although the exact punishment varies. In the Hanafi school, homosexuals are first to be beaten harshly and then executed if they persist in their behavior. In the Shafi'i school, they are punished in the same manner as one who engages in [[Zina|illegal intercourse (''zina'')]], receiving 100 lashes if unmarried or being stoned to death if married. Some scholars, referencing the practices of the four [[Rashidun Caliphs|Rightly-Guided (''Rashidun'') Caliphs]], hold that homosexuals should be thrown from tall buildings,<ref>[http://www.islamonline.net/servlet/Satellite?pagename=IslamOnline-English-Ask_Scholar/FatwaE/FatwaE&cid=1119503545556 Fatwa Bank: Death Fall as Punishment for Homosexuality] - Islam Online, July 22, 2002</ref> while others believe that the punishment for homosexual acts should be life imprisonment or stoning.<ref>"''So when Our punishment came upon the people of Lut, We turned the city upside down and showered them with stones of baked clay, one after another.''" - {{Quran|11|82}}</ref> One opinion holds that "passive" participants in homosexual acts should be executed in all circumstances, while the "active" participant may escape execution if unmarried and instead receive 100 lashes.<ref>See the chapter on "hudud" in Sharaya and Sharh Lum'a also al-Khu'i, Takmilah, p. 42-44.</ref> Opinions also vary on whether the means of execution should be stoning or beheading. The Quran itself narrates Allah's punishment upon the people of [[Lut|Lot]] and, according to some interpretations, {{Quran|4|16}} refers to punishment and forgiveness for lewdness between two men. | ||
==In the Muslim world== | ==In the Muslim world== | ||
Some modern academics place the blame for Islamic hostility towards homosexuality on "the adoption of European Victorian attitudes by the new Westernized elite."<ref>El-Rouayheb, 2005, p. 156</ref> However, the Islamic tradition has long drawn its views on homosexuality from accounts of Muhammad's perspective, which are found in various hadith. | Some modern academics place the blame for Islamic hostility towards homosexuality on "the adoption of European Victorian attitudes by the new Westernized elite."<ref>El-Rouayheb, 2005, p. 156</ref> However, the Islamic tradition has long drawn its views on homosexuality from accounts of Muhammad's perspective, which are found in various hadith. | ||