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==What is the Qur'an?==


The '''Qur'ān''' (القرآن) is the central religious text of [[Islam]]. Muslims believe the Qur'an to be the book of divine guidance and direction for mankind. They also consider the text in its original [[Arabic]], to be the literal word of [[Allah]]<ref>[{{Quran-url-only|2|23}} Qur'ān, Chapter 2, Verses 23-24]</ref> revealed by the angel Jibreel ([[Gabriel]]) to [[Muhammad]] over a period of twenty-three years<ref>''Living Religions: An Encyclopaedia of the World's Faiths,'' Mary Pat Fisher, 1997, page 338,  I.B. Tauris Publishers, </ref><ref>[{{Quran-url-only|17|106}} Qur'an, Chapter 17, Verse 106]</ref>, and view the Qur'an as God's final revelation.<ref>[{{Quran-url-only|33|40}} Qur'an, Chapter 33, Verse 40]</ref><ref>Watton, Victor, (1993), ''A student's approach to world religions:Islam'', Hodder & Stoughton, pg 1. ISBN 0-340-58795-4</ref>  
The '''Qur'ān''' (القرآن) is the central religious text of [[Islam]]. Muslims believe the Qur'an to be the book of divine guidance and direction for mankind. They also consider the text in its original [[Arabic]], to be the literal word of [[Allah]]<ref>[{{Quran-url-only|2|23}} Qur'ān, Chapter 2, Verses 23-24]</ref> revealed by the angel Jibreel ([[Gabriel]]) to [[Muhammad]] over a period of twenty-three years<ref>''Living Religions: An Encyclopaedia of the World's Faiths,'' Mary Pat Fisher, 1997, page 338,  I.B. Tauris Publishers, </ref><ref>[{{Quran-url-only|17|106}} Qur'an, Chapter 17, Verse 106]</ref>, and view the Qur'an as God's final revelation.<ref>[{{Quran-url-only|33|40}} Qur'an, Chapter 33, Verse 40]</ref><ref>Watton, Victor, (1993), ''A student's approach to world religions:Islam'', Hodder & Stoughton, pg 1. ISBN 0-340-58795-4</ref>  


==Structure and Content of the Qur'an==
==Structure and content==


In length, the Qur'an is slightly shorter than the Christian New Testament (at approximately 165,000 words in English).<ref>[http://www.2think.org/hundredsheep/bom/written.shtml Could Joseph Smith have written the Book of Mormon?] - The Hundredth Sheep</ref> The text is not in chronological order, but arranged roughly longest surah (chapter) to the shortest (although this some surahs do deviate from this general order). Ayahs (verses) are generally written in the first person (spoken by Allah), thus they generally lack context. For context, Muslims use Hadith collections (oral traditions which record Muhammad's words and actions) and the Sirat (biography of Muhammad). With these, the surahs can be separated into two categories; Meccan and Medinan.
In length, the Qur'an is slightly shorter than the Christian New Testament (at approximately 165,000 words in English).<ref>[http://www.2think.org/hundredsheep/bom/written.shtml Could Joseph Smith have written the Book of Mormon?] - The Hundredth Sheep</ref> The text is not in chronological order, but arranged roughly longest surah (chapter) to the shortest (nevertheless some surahs do deviate from this general order). Ayahs (verses) are generally written in the first person (spoken by Allah), thus they generally lack context. For context, Muslims use Hadith collections (oral traditions which record Muhammad's words and actions) and the Sirat (biography of Muhammad). With these, the surahs can be separated into two categories; Meccan and Medinan.


===Love and Fear in the Qur'an===
===Controversial Passages===


"While there are over 300 references in the Koran to Allah and fear, there are only 49 references to love.  Of these love references, 39 are negative such as the 14 negative references to love of money, power, other gods and status.  
The Qur'an justifies and permits things such as; [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Homosexuality|persecution of homosexuals]], [[Child Marriage in the Qur'an|child marriage]], [[Polygamy in Islam|polygamy]], [[Antisemitism in Islam|hatred of Jews]], [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Dhimmitude|institutional religious discrimination]], [[Wife Beating in the Qur'an|legalized domestic violence]], [[slavery]] and [[rape|the rape of slaves]].


Three verses command humanity to love Allah and 2 verses are about how Allah loves a believer. There are 25 verses about how Allah does not love kafirs (unbelievers)
====Love and Fear====


This leaves 5 verses about love. Of these 5, 3 are about loving kin or a Muslim brother. One verse commands a Muslim to give for the love of Allah. This leaves only one quasi-universal verse about love: give what you love to charity and even this is contaminated by dualism since Muslim charity only goes to other Muslims."<ref name="STATISTICAL ANALYSIS">Bill Warner - [http://www.faithfreedom.biz/new-page-128.htm LOVE VERSUS FEAR IN THE KORAN: A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND REFORM ACCORDING TO GOLDEN RULE] </ref>
"While there are over 300 references in the Koran to Allah and fear, there are only 49 references to love. Of these love references, 39 are negative such as the 14 negative references to love of money, power, other gods and status.  


===Non-Muslims and Punishment in the Qur'an===
Three verses command humanity to love Allah and 2 verses are about how Allah loves a believer. There are 25 verses about how Allah does not love kafirs (unbelievers).


Approximately 67% of the Meccan verses deal with punishing unbelievers for disagreeing with Allah, and more than 50% of the so-called Medinan verses deals with hypocrites and jihad against unbelievers.<ref name="STATISTICAL ANALYSIS"></ref> Also, there are nearly 500 verses (roughly one out of every twelve) in the entire Qur'an which speak of [[Jahannam|Hell]], and over 400 which speak negatively of encourage hatred or dislaike of Jews, Christians, Idolaters and infidels in general.<ref name="STATISTICAL ANALYSIS"></ref>
This leaves 5 verses about love. Of these 5, 3 are about loving kin or a Muslim brother. One verse commands a Muslim to give for the love of Allah. This leaves only one quasi-universal verse about love: give what you love to charity and even this is contaminated by dualism since Muslim charity only goes to other Muslims.<ref name="STATISTICAL ANALYSIS">Bill Warner - [http://www.faithfreedom.biz/new-page-128.htm LOVE VERSUS FEAR IN THE KORAN: A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND REFORM ACCORDING TO GOLDEN RULE] </ref>


===Jihad===
====Non-Muslims and Punishment====


Not including verses which deal with heavenly rewards for those who strive on the path of Jihad, generic mentions of "victory", and Muhammad's negative opinions of those who do not participate in Jihad, there are roughly 164 Jihad verses in the Qur'an.<ref>[http://www.yoel.info/koranwarpassages.htm 164 Jihad Verses in the Koran] - Yoel Natan</ref> These speak clearly and directly of military expedition, fighting, spoils of war, raiding, taking slaves, and looting infidels.
Approximately 67% of the Meccan verses deal with punishing unbelievers for disagreeing with Allah, and more than 50% of the so-called Medinan verses deal with hypocrites and jihad against [[Kafir (Infidel)|unbelievers]].<ref name="STATISTICAL ANALYSIS"></ref> Also, there are nearly 500 verses (roughly one out of every twelve) in the entire Qur'an which speak of [[Jahannam (Hell)|Hell]], and over 400 which speak negatively or encourage hatred or dislike of Jews, Christians, idolaters and infidels in general.<ref name="STATISTICAL ANALYSIS"></ref>


==Controversial Passages==
====Jihad====
{{Main|Jihad}}


Not only critics, but even practicing Muslims who are scholars of the text agree that the Qur'an justifies and permits things such as; [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Homosexuality|persecution of Homosexuals]], [[Pedophilia in the Qur'an|child marriage]], [[Polygamy in Islam|polygamy]], [[Islamic Antisemitism|hatred of Jews]], [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Dhimmitude|institutional religious discrimination]], [[Wife Beating in Islam|legalized domestic violence]], [[slavery]] and [[rape|the rape of slaves]].
Not including verses which deal with heavenly rewards for those who strive on the path of jihad, generic mentions of "victory", and Muhammad's negative opinions of those who do not participate in jihad, there are roughly 164 jihad verses in the Qur'an.<ref>[http://www.yoel.info/koranwarpassages.htm 164 Jihad Verses in the Koran] - Yoel Natan</ref> These speak clearly and directly of military expedition, fighting, [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Muhammad and Booty|spoils of war]], raiding, [[slavery|enslaving]] and looting [[Kafir (Infidel)|infidels]].


==See Also==
==See also==


*[[Qur'an]]'' - A hub page that leads to other articles related to the Qur'an''
*[[Qur'an]]'' - A hub page that leads to other articles related to the Qur'an''
*[[On the Miraculous Nature and the Divine Origin of Virgils Georgics|Georgics]]


{{Translation-links-english|[[Coran - definition|French]] and [[Korán|Czech]]}}
{{Translation-links-english|[[Coran - definition|French]] and [[Korán|Czech]]}}


==External Links==
==External links==
 
* [https://wikiquote.org/wiki/Quran See wikiquote's direct quotations from the Quran]
*[http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/denis_giron/multiple.html Qur'an: A Work of Multiple Hands?] ''-  [[Dionisio (Denis) Giron (former Muslim)|Denis Giron]]''
*[http://www.skepticsannotatedbible.com/Quran/cruelty/long.html Cruelty in the Quran] ''- [[Skeptic's Annotated Quran]]''
*[http://www.faithfreedom.org/forum/viewtopic.php?p=12635#12635 Chronology vs Violence] ''- [[Faith Freedom International|FFI forum]] post on why there is more Violence near the end of the Qur'an''
 
===Translations===
 
*[http://www.islamawakened.com/quran/1/2/default.htm Master Ayat (Verse) Index] ''- From the people at Islam Awakened. Roman transliteration of the Arabic Qur’an and a massive 34 compared English translations''
*[http://iknowledge.islamicnature.com/quran/surah/1/lang/englishliteral/ iKnowledge Literal Qur'an] ''- Muslim website which provides the English literal translation of the Qur'an. Also shows that Allah is the "best deceiver" in verses 3:54, 7:99, 8:30, 10:21, and 13:42''
*[http://quranx.com/ Quranx.com] - ''Multiple verses from different surahs can be displayed at the same time (useful in debates for references). Custom highlights are also possible. See their [http://quranx.com/Help help page] for details''
 
===Downloads===


*''English Qur'an:'' [{{Reference archive|1=http://www.qurandownload.com/Download.aspx?file=/english-yusuf-ali-quranversenotes-wb.pdf|2=2011-03-16}} (Yusuf Ali translation)], [{{Reference archive|1=http://www.qurandownload.com/Download.aspx?file=/english-m-pickthal-wb.pdf|2=2011-03-16}} (Pickthal translation)], [{{Reference archive|1=http://www.qurandownload.com/Download.aspx?file=/english-quran-shakir-wb.pdf|2=2011-03-16}} (Shakir translation)]
*[http://quranx.com/ Quranx.com] - easily navigable translations and etymological background for each verse in the Quran
*[http://www.skepticsannotatedbible.com/Quran/index.htm Skeptic's Annotated Quran]
*[http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/denis_giron/multiple.html Qur'an: A Work of Multiple Hands?] ''- Denis Giron''


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Qur'an]]
[[Category:Qur'an]]
[[Category:Literature]]
[[Category:Revelation]]
[[Category:Downloads]]
[[Category:Allah]]
[[Category:Qur'anic textual history]]
[[Category:Muhammad]]
[[Category:Supernatural beings]]

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The Qur'ān (القرآن) is the central religious text of Islam. Muslims believe the Qur'an to be the book of divine guidance and direction for mankind. They also consider the text in its original Arabic, to be the literal word of Allah[1] revealed by the angel Jibreel (Gabriel) to Muhammad over a period of twenty-three years[2][3], and view the Qur'an as God's final revelation.[4][5]

Structure and content

In length, the Qur'an is slightly shorter than the Christian New Testament (at approximately 165,000 words in English).[6] The text is not in chronological order, but arranged roughly longest surah (chapter) to the shortest (nevertheless some surahs do deviate from this general order). Ayahs (verses) are generally written in the first person (spoken by Allah), thus they generally lack context. For context, Muslims use Hadith collections (oral traditions which record Muhammad's words and actions) and the Sirat (biography of Muhammad). With these, the surahs can be separated into two categories; Meccan and Medinan.

Controversial Passages

The Qur'an justifies and permits things such as; persecution of homosexuals, child marriage, polygamy, hatred of Jews, institutional religious discrimination, legalized domestic violence, slavery and the rape of slaves.

Love and Fear

"While there are over 300 references in the Koran to Allah and fear, there are only 49 references to love. Of these love references, 39 are negative such as the 14 negative references to love of money, power, other gods and status.

Three verses command humanity to love Allah and 2 verses are about how Allah loves a believer. There are 25 verses about how Allah does not love kafirs (unbelievers).

This leaves 5 verses about love. Of these 5, 3 are about loving kin or a Muslim brother. One verse commands a Muslim to give for the love of Allah. This leaves only one quasi-universal verse about love: give what you love to charity and even this is contaminated by dualism since Muslim charity only goes to other Muslims.[7]

Non-Muslims and Punishment

Approximately 67% of the Meccan verses deal with punishing unbelievers for disagreeing with Allah, and more than 50% of the so-called Medinan verses deal with hypocrites and jihad against unbelievers.[7] Also, there are nearly 500 verses (roughly one out of every twelve) in the entire Qur'an which speak of Hell, and over 400 which speak negatively or encourage hatred or dislike of Jews, Christians, idolaters and infidels in general.[7]

Jihad

Main Article: Jihad

Not including verses which deal with heavenly rewards for those who strive on the path of jihad, generic mentions of "victory", and Muhammad's negative opinions of those who do not participate in jihad, there are roughly 164 jihad verses in the Qur'an.[8] These speak clearly and directly of military expedition, fighting, spoils of war, raiding, enslaving and looting infidels.

See also

  • Qur'an - A hub page that leads to other articles related to the Qur'an

Translations

  • A version of this page is also available in the following languages: French and Czech. For additional languages, see the sidebar on the left.

External links

References

  1. ↑ Qur'ān, Chapter 2, Verses 23-24
  2. ↑ Living Religions: An Encyclopaedia of the World's Faiths, Mary Pat Fisher, 1997, page 338, I.B. Tauris Publishers,
  3. ↑ Qur'an, Chapter 17, Verse 106
  4. ↑ Qur'an, Chapter 33, Verse 40
  5. ↑ Watton, Victor, (1993), A student's approach to world religions:Islam, Hodder & Stoughton, pg 1. ISBN 0-340-58795-4
  6. ↑ Could Joseph Smith have written the Book of Mormon? - The Hundredth Sheep
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Bill Warner - LOVE VERSUS FEAR IN THE KORAN: A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND REFORM ACCORDING TO GOLDEN RULE
  8. ↑ 164 Jihad Verses in the Koran - Yoel Natan
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