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User:CPO675/Sandbox 1: Difference between revisions
→Not random cause and effect;
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Edward Omar Moad. “Al-Ghazali on Power, Causation, and ‘Acquisition.’” ''Philosophy East and West'', vol. 57, no. 1, 2007, pp. 1–13. ''JSTOR'', <nowiki>http://www.jstor.org/stable/4488073</nowiki>. Accessed 3 Feb. 2025.</ref> https://www.ghazali.org/articles/gz-theo-nkm.pdf | Edward Omar Moad. “Al-Ghazali on Power, Causation, and ‘Acquisition.’” ''Philosophy East and West'', vol. 57, no. 1, 2007, pp. 1–13. ''JSTOR'', <nowiki>http://www.jstor.org/stable/4488073</nowiki>. Accessed 3 Feb. 2025.</ref> https://www.ghazali.org/articles/gz-theo-nkm.pdf | ||
God is active in the Cosmos & continuous creation{{Quote|Decharneux, Julien. De Gruyter. 2023. <i>Creation and Contemplation: The Cosmology of the Qur'ān and Its Late Antique Background (Studies in the History and Culture of the Middle East Book 47) (Kindle Edition. pp. 203-204).</i>|The text repeatedly ascribes to God the cosmic role of sustaining the world. God continuously provides humans with food and necessary supplies (e. g. Q 6:96, 7:9, 26:75, 28:57, 29:60, 30:40, 34:24, 36:71 – 73). He is also responsible for the regularity of astral motions in the sky (e. g. Q 7:54, 13:2, 14:33, 16:12, 29:61, 31:29, 35:13, 39:5), for the succession of day and night (e. g. Q 14:33, 16:12), as well as any other things that allow humans to live on a daily basis. All these passages show that the Qur’ān grants to the theme of the creatio continua (“continuous creation”; i. e. maintenance of the universe) a prominent place within the overall Qur’ānic cosmological discourse. This is hardly surprising given the natural theological system described in the first chapter. God’s creatorship is observable in the cycles and the regularity of the world.}}He is seen as deciding the outcome of battles {{Quran|36|74-75}}, and other gods cannot {{Quran|46|28}} | God is active in the Cosmos & continuous creation{{Quote|Decharneux, Julien. De Gruyter. 2023. <i>Creation and Contemplation: The Cosmology of the Qur'ān and Its Late Antique Background (Studies in the History and Culture of the Middle East Book 47) (Kindle Edition. pp. 203-204).</i>|The text repeatedly ascribes to God the cosmic role of sustaining the world. God continuously provides humans with food and necessary supplies (e. g. Q 6:96, 7:9, 26:75, 28:57, 29:60, 30:40, 34:24, 36:71 – 73). He is also responsible for the regularity of astral motions in the sky (e. g. Q 7:54, 13:2, 14:33, 16:12, 29:61, 31:29, 35:13, 39:5), for the succession of day and night (e. g. Q 14:33, 16:12), as well as any other things that allow humans to live on a daily basis. All these passages show that the Qur’ān grants to the theme of the creatio continua (“continuous creation”; i. e. maintenance of the universe) a prominent place within the overall Qur’ānic cosmological discourse. This is hardly surprising given the natural theological system described in the first chapter. God’s creatorship is observable in the cycles and the regularity of the world.}}He is seen as deciding the outcome of battles {{Quran|36|74-75}}, and other gods cannot {{Quran|46|28}} and working through believers to fight unbelievers {{Quran|8|17}}<ref>Durie, Mark. ''The Qur’an and Its Biblical Reflexes: Investigations into the Genesis of a Religion. 2.4 An Act of God by Human Hands (p. 58-59) (Kindle Edition pp. 165-166)'' Lexington Books. 2018.</ref> and sending invisible angels to Muhammad {{Quran|3|123-126}}, {{Quran|33|9}}, {{Quran|9|26}} (cf: {{Quran|3|123-126}}). | ||
He regulates affairs from the heaven to the earth {{Quran|16|53}}, lets causes ships to sail | |||
==== Not random cause and effect; ==== | ==== Not random cause and effect; ==== | ||
{{Main|Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Predestination}} | {{Main|Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Predestination}} | ||
'''Battles above'''“They have taken gods other than He, in order that they be given victory, but they are not able to give them victory.” (36: 74-75) | <s>'''Battles above'''“They have taken gods other than He, in order that they be given victory, but they are not able to give them victory.” (36: 74-75) - also loses battles to</s> | ||
Similarly: “Why did those whom they had chosen for gods as a way of approach (unto God) not help them? Nay, but they did fail them utterly. And that was their lie, and what they used to invent.” (46: 28) | <s>Similarly: “Why did those whom they had chosen for gods as a way of approach (unto God) not help them? Nay, but they did fail them utterly. And that was their lie, and what they used to invent.” (46: 28)</s> | ||
Bestows favours: “And whatever favour is (bestowed) on you it is from God.” (16: 53) | Bestows favours: “And whatever favour is (bestowed) on you it is from God.” (16: 53) | ||
Regulates all affaris: “He regulates affairs from the heaven to the earth.” (32: 5) {{Quran|32|5}} | Regulates all affaris: “He regulates affairs from the heaven to the earth.” (32: 5) {{Quran|32|5}} | ||
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“Say: the angel of death, who is given charge of you, shall cause you to die.” (32: 11) {{Quran|32|11}} | “Say: the angel of death, who is given charge of you, shall cause you to die.” (32: 11) {{Quran|32|11}} | ||
Makes female & male: scientific error? :makes barren “He creates whatever He wants and bestows female to whomever He wants and bestows male to whomever He wants. Or He mingles them, males and females, and He makes barren whom He pleases. Lo! He is Knower, Powerful.” (42: 49-50) | Makes female & male: scientific error? :makes barren “He creates whatever He wants and bestows female to whomever He wants and bestows male to whomever He wants. Or He mingles them, males and females, and He makes barren whom He pleases. Lo! He is Knower, Powerful.” (42: 49-50) | ||
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{{Quote|{{Quran|30|24}}|And among His Signs, He shows you the lightning, by way both of fear and of hope, and He sends down rain from the sky and with it gives life to the earth after it is dead}} | {{Quote|{{Quran|30|24}}|And among His Signs, He shows you the lightning, by way both of fear and of hope, and He sends down rain from the sky and with it gives life to the earth after it is dead}} | ||
==== Ships sailing ==== | |||
Allah causes ships to stay afloat (and presumably sink) ({{Quran|55|24}}, {{Quran|17|70}}, {{Quran|17|66}}) rather than the scientific principle of buoyancy<ref>[https://letstalkscience.ca/educational-resources/stem-explained/why-do-ships-float Why do ships float?] Amy McDonald. 2019. STEM Explained. Let's Talk Science</ref> (and essentially randomness of those who's boats do not work). | |||
=== Inanimate objects and animals worship God === | === Inanimate objects and animals worship God === | ||
Inanimate objects that do not have a consciousness like those with complex brains, so are not capable of worshipping anything. | Inanimate objects that do not have a consciousness like those with complex brains, so are not capable of worshipping anything. | ||
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Even their shadows do somehow. | Even their shadows do somehow. | ||
{{Quote|{{Quran|13|15}}|To Allah prostrates whoever there is in the heavens and the earth, willingly or unwillingly, and their shadows at sunrise and sunset.}}Everything in the cosmos (presumably covering the vast amounts of near-empty space and elements) worships and prostrates before him, as does every animal and angel, all allegedly fearing God ({{Quran|16|49-50}} {{Quran|22|18}}), including the birds, which do so while flying ({{Quran|24|41}}), and trees ({{Quran|55|6}}). | {{Quote|{{Quran|13|15}}|To Allah prostrates whoever there is in the heavens and the earth, willingly or unwillingly, and their shadows at sunrise and sunset.}}Everything in the cosmos (presumably covering the vast amounts of near-empty space and elements) worships and prostrates before him, as does every animal and angel, all allegedly fearing God ({{Quran|16|49-50}}, {{Quran|22|18}}), including the birds, which do so while flying ({{Quran|24|41}}), and trees ({{Quran|55|6}}). | ||
==== Inanimate objects refused the task of being Gods followers, but humans accepted ==== | ==== Inanimate objects refused the task of being Gods followers, but humans accepted ==== | ||
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=== Allah speaks to the heavens/skies and the earth and they respond === | === Allah speaks to the heavens/skies and the earth and they respond === | ||
The sky cannot speak ([[:en:Quran_and_a_Universe_from_Smoke|nor was it ever made of 'smoke']]).{{Quote|{{Quran|41|11}}|Then He turned towards the heaven when it was smoke, saying to it and to the earth, ‘Submit, willingly or unwillingly.’ They both responded, ‘We submit willingly.’"}} | The sky cannot speak ([[:en:Quran_and_a_Universe_from_Smoke|nor was it ever made of 'smoke']]).{{Quote|{{Quran|41|11}}|Then He turned towards the heaven when it was smoke, saying to it and to the earth, ‘Submit, willingly or unwillingly.’ They both responded, ‘We submit willingly.’"}} | ||
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*Moreover, all the creatures in heaven or on earth, as a sign of their devotion to the creator, perform this act directly or by means of their shadows (Q 7:206; 13:15; 16:4.8-9; 22:18; 55:6). {{Quran|7|206}}, {{Quran|13|15}} (shadows inc), {{Quran|16|4-9}} (check), | *Moreover, all the creatures in heaven or on earth, as a sign of their devotion to the creator, perform this act directly or by means of their shadows (Q 7:206; 13:15; 16:4.8-9; 22:18; 55:6). {{Quran|7|206}}, {{Quran|13|15}} (shadows inc), {{Quran|16|4-9}} (check), | ||
* Wind by allah - pre-Islamic allah poetry parallel in Sinai paper? | * Wind by allah - pre-Islamic allah poetry parallel in Sinai paper? | ||