Sawm (Fasting): Difference between revisions

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'''Sawm''' (صوم‎) is the [[Arabic]] word which refers to [[Islam|Islamic]] [[fasting]]. The observance of sawm during the Islamic month of Ramadan is one of the [[Five Pillars of Islam]] and therefore a compulsory ([[fard]] فرض) duty.
'''Sawm''' (صوم‎) is the [[Arabic]] word which refers to [[Islam|Islamic]] [[fasting]]. The observance of sawm during the Islamic month of Ramadan is one of the [[Five Pillars of Islam]] and therefore a compulsory ([[fard]] فرض) duty.


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==Adverse effects==
==Adverse effects==


The [[Adverse Effects of Islamic Fasting|adverse effects of Islamic fasting]] are numerous and encompass such issues as [[health]], national economy and productivity, crime rates, public safety and social behavior. In practice, Islamic fasting is unlike medical fasting. It is more accurately described as delayed eating; Muslims simply turn their eating habits upside down and gorge at dusk and at dawn.
The [[Adverse Effects of Islamic Fasting|adverse effects of Islamic fasting]] are numerous and encompass both personal and societal issues such as [[health]], national economy and productivity, crime rates, public safety and social behavior. Islamic fasting is thus very unlike medical fasting. It is more accurately described as meal delay, and for many practitioners binge eating and unhealthy eating habits increase during the month of Ramadan.


===Other religions===
===Other religions===


Rules vary but fasting in Christianity is not compulsory, nor is it expected to be a complete fast. Christians generally reduce (not stop) their intake of food, and also drink freely during fasts. This is a healthier way compared to the Islamic sawm. Similarly in Hinduism, fasting is a part of the religion, but individuals observe different kinds of fasts based on their personal beliefs and local customs.<ref>[{{Reference archive|1=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fasting|2=2013-03-14}} Fasting] - Wikipedia, accessed March 14, 2013</ref>
Rules vary but fasting in Christianity is generally not compulsory, nor is it expected to be a complete fast. Christians generally reduce (not stop) their intake of food, and also drink freely during fasts. This is a healthier way compared to the Islamic sawm. Similarly in Hinduism, fasting is a part of the religion, but individuals observe different kinds of fasts based on their personal beliefs and local customs.<ref>[{{Reference archive|1=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fasting|2=2013-03-14}} Fasting] - Wikipedia, accessed March 14, 2013</ref>


==Binge eating==
==Binge eating==
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==Animal slaughter==
==Animal slaughter==


Once the month of Ramadan comes to an end, Muslims then observe Eid ul-Fitr ("Festival of Fast-Breaking"), a day to celebrate the end of Ramadan. Eid celebrations include the unprecedented large-scale slaughter of at least a hundred million [[animals]].<ref>{{cite web|url= http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eid_ul-Adha#Traditions_and_practices|title= Eid ul-Adha/ Traditions and practices|publisher= Wikipedia|author= |date= accessed October 18, 2013|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEid_ul-Adha%23Traditions_and_practices&date=2013-10-18|deadurl=no}}</ref> In the Netherlands alone, which has little over a million Muslims, a 100,000 animals were slaughtered in 2010 for Eid al-Adha ("Festival of Sacrifice").<ref>[http://abna.ir/data.asp?lang=3&Id=214020 <!-- http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fabna.ir%2Fdata.asp%3Flang%3D3%26Id%3D214020&date=2011-06-01 -->Netherland Muslims slaughtered 100,000 animals for Eid ul-Adha] - Ahlul Bayt News, November 21, 2010</ref> And in Pakistan, 7.5 million animals (2.5 million cows and 5 million goats) were slaughtered.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.travelwireasia.com/2010/11/bakra-eid-the-cost-of-sacrifice/|title= Bakra Eid: The cost of sacrifice|publisher= Travel Wire Asia|author= |date= November 16, 2010|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.travelwireasia.com%2F2010%2F11%2Fbakra-eid-the-cost-of-sacrifice%2F&date=2013-10-18<!-- http://archive.is/i2qSF -->|deadurl=no}}</ref> Muslim children are often present and observe this, as it is considered a family affair.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.arabnews.com/news/468058|title= Celebrating Eid Al-Adha in the US|publisher= Arab News|author= Sameen Tahir-Khan|date= October 18, 2013|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabnews.com%2Fnews%2F468058&date=2013-10-18|deadurl=no}}</ref>
Once the month of Ramadan comes to an end, Muslims then observe Eid ul-Fitr ("Festival of Fast-Breaking"), a day to celebrate the end of Ramadan. Eid celebrations include the unprecedented large-scale slaughter of at least a hundred million [[animals]].<ref>{{cite web|url= http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eid_ul-Adha#Traditions_and_practices|title= Eid ul-Adha/ Traditions and practices|publisher= Wikipedia|author= |date= accessed October 18, 2013|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEid_ul-Adha%23Traditions_and_practices&date=2013-10-18|deadurl=no}}</ref> In the Netherlands alone, which has little over a million Muslims, a 100,000 animals were slaughtered in 2010 for Eid al-Adha ("Festival of Sacrifice").<ref>[http://abna.ir/data.asp?lang=3&Id=214020 <!-- http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fabna.ir%2Fdata.asp%3Flang%3D3%26Id%3D214020&date=2011-06-01 -->Netherland Muslims slaughtered 100,000 animals for Eid ul-Adha] - Ahlul Bayt News, November 21, 2010</ref> And in Pakistan, 7.5 million animals (2.5 million cows and 5 million goats) were slaughtered.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.travelwireasia.com/2010/11/bakra-eid-the-cost-of-sacrifice/|title= Bakra Eid: The cost of sacrifice|publisher= Travel Wire Asia|author= |date= November 16, 2010|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.travelwireasia.com%2F2010%2F11%2Fbakra-eid-the-cost-of-sacrifice%2F&date=2013-10-18<!-- http://archive.is/i2qSF -->|deadurl=no}}</ref> Muslim children are often present and observe this, as it is considered a family ritual.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.arabnews.com/news/468058|title= Celebrating Eid Al-Adha in the US|publisher= Arab News|author= Sameen Tahir-Khan|date= October 18, 2013|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabnews.com%2Fnews%2F468058&date=2013-10-18|deadurl=no}}</ref>


==See Also==
==See Also==
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