Korán, hadísy a učenci: Toaletní etiketa
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Co dělat a co nedělat
Řekni modlitbu před vstupem, abys odehnal džiny a démony
Vyprávěl Zayd ibn Arqam:
Apoštol Aláhův řekl: Tyto kadibudky jsou často navštěvované džiny a ďábly. Tedy pokud tam kdokoliv z vás vkročí, měl by říct: "Hledám útočiště u Aláha od mužských i ženských ďáblů."
Anas vyprávěl: Když posel Aláhův šel na záchod, říkával: Ó Aláhu, hledám útočiště v tobě, před zlými a škodlivými věcmi.
Sundej si prsteny
Vyprávěl Anas ibn Malik:
Když šel prorok na záchod, sundal si prsten.
Nebuď namířen čelem nebo zády ke Kábě
Vyprávěl Abu Aiyub Al-Ansari:
Prorok řekl: "Když kadíte, nebuďte čelem ani zády ke qible (tj. směr ke Kábě), ale buďte směrem na východ nebo na západ."
Abu Ayyub vyprávěl: Apoštol Aláhův řekl: Kdykoliv jdete do pouště, nebuďte čelem ani zády ke qible když odpovídáte na volání přírody, ale obraťte se směrem na východ nebo na západ. Abu Ayyub řekl: Když jsme přišli do Sýrie a našli jsme záchody, který byly postaveny směrem ke qible, obrátili jsme naše obličeje a prosili o slitování Pána. On řekl: Ano.
Nedrž a nedotýkej se penisu pravou rukou
Vyprávěl Abu Qatada:
Prorok řekl: "Kdykoliv kdokoliv z vás dělá vodu, neměl by držet svůj penis anebo čistit své soukromé oblasti pravou rukou. (A při pití) by neměl foukat do nádoby s pitím."
Nestojte při močení
Aiša řekla: “Kdokoliv vám říká, že prorok močil ve stoje, nevěřte mu. On močil pouze v podřepu.”[1]
Sahih al-Tirmidhi No. 11
Vyprávěl Amr ibn al-'As:
AbdurRahman ibn Hasanah vyprávěl: Já a Amr ibn al-'As jsme šli k prorokovi. On vyšel s koženým štítem (v jeho ruce). Skryl se s ním a močil. Poté jsme řekli: Podívejte se na něj. On močí jako žena. Prorok to uslyšel a řekl: Což nevíte co se stalo člověku z Banu Isra'il (děti Izraele)? Když na ně dopadla moč, utrhli tu část kde ta moč dopadla; ale on (ten člověk) jim zakázal (to dělat), a byl potrestán v hrobě.
Abu Huraira řekl: Když si kdokoliv z vás podřepuje aby odpověděl na volání přírody, neměl by obracet svůj obličej směrem ke qible ani zády.
Neodkrývejte své soukromé oblasti, dokud si nedřepnete
Vyprávěl Abdullah ibn Umar:
Když chtěl prorok si ulevit, nenadzvedl své oblečení, dokud se nesnížil blízko k zemi.
Sunan Abu Dawud 1:14, al-Tirmidhi No. 14, také Saheeh al-Jaami’ No. 4652
Nezašpiňte se močí, toto je velký hřích
Prorok řekl: “Většina trestů v hrobě bude kvůli moči.”[2]
Ibn Maajah No. 342, takéSaheeh al-Jaami’ No. 1202
Vyprávěl Ibn 'Abbas:
Jednou prorok, když procházel kolem hřbitova v Medíně nebo v Mekce, slyšel hlasy dvou lidí, kteří byli mučeni v jejich hrobech. Prorok řekl: "Tito dva lidé byli mučení ne pro velký hřích" Prorok poté dodal: "Ano! (oni jsou mučeni pro velký hřích). Věru, jeden z nich se nikdy neochránil před zašpiněním močí a ten druhý šířil pomluvy. Prorok poté požádal o zelený list datlovníku, rozdělal jej na dva kusy a každý znich dal na jeden hrob. Když se ho zeptali, proč to udělal, odpověděl: "Doufám, že jejich mučení se sníží, dokud se tyto nevysuší."
Do not speak while in the toilet
Narrated AbuSa'id al-Khudri:
I heard the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) say: When two persons go together for relieving themselves uncovering their private parts and talking together, Allah, the Great and Majestic, becomes wrathful at this (action).
Narrated Muhajir ibn Qunfudh:
Muhajir came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) while he was urinating. He saluted him. The Prophet (peace be upon him) did not return the salutation to him until he performed ablution. He then apologised to him, saying: I disliked remembering Allah except in the state of purification.
A man said salaam to the Prophet (saw) while he was in the toilet, he did not answer the salaam.
An-Nasaa'i 37, Ibn Majah 353
It is disliked to give salams to someone in the toilet, and they do not answer back. Likewise the one eating [such that there is food in their mouth, because they are busy and unable to answer], reciting Quran, busy with Sacred Knowledge.[3]
Ibn Nujaym, al-Bahr al-Raiq (8.236)
Clean yourself with an odd number of stones
Narrated Abu Huraira:
The Prophet said, "Whoever performs ablution should clean his nose with water by putting the water in it and then blowing it out, and whoever cleans his private parts with stones should do it with odd number of stones."
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) as saying: When anyone wipes himself with pebbles (after answering the call of nature) he must make use of an odd number and when any one of you performs ablution he must snuff in his nose water and then clean it.
Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah (way peace he upon him) said: When anyone performs ablution he must clean his nose and when anyone wipes himself with pebbles (after answering the call of nature) he must do that odd number of times.
Jabir b. 'Abdullah reported that he heard the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) say: When anyone wipes himself with pebbles (after answering the call of nature) he should do this odd number of times.
Do not clean yourself with less than three stones
Salman said that (one among) the polytheists remarked: I see that your friend even teaches you about the excrement. He replied; Yes, he has in fact forbidden us that anyone amongst us should cleanse himself with his right hand, or face the Qibla. He has forbidden the use of dung or bone for it, and he has also instructed us not to use less than three pebbles (for this purpose).
Narrated Salman al-Farsi:
It was said to Salman: Your Prophet teaches you everything, even about excrement. He replied: Yes. He has forbidden us to face the qiblah at the time of easing or urinating, and cleansing with right hand, and cleansing with less than three stones, or cleansing with dung or bone.
Do not use dung or bones
Narrated Abdullah ibn Mas'ud:
A deputation of the jinn came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and said: O Muhammad, forbid your community to cleans themselves with a bone or dung or charcoal, for in them Allah has provided sustenance for us. So the Prophet (peace be upon him) forbade them to do so.
Narrated Abu Huraira:
I followed the Prophet while he was going out to answer the call of nature. He used not to look this way or that. So, when I approached near him he said to me, "Fetch for me some stones for ' cleaning the privates parts (or said something similar), and do not bring a bone or a piece of dung." So I brought the stones in the corner of my garment and placed them by his side and I then went away from him. When he finished (from answering the call of nature) he used, them .
Narrated 'Abdullah:
The Prophet went out to answer the call of nature and asked me to bring three stones. I found two stones and searched for the third but could not find it. So took a dried piece of dung and brought it to him. He took the two stones and threw away the dung and said, "This is a filthy thing."
Jabir reported: The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) forbade the use of bone or the droppings of camels for wiping (after excretion).
Narrated Ruwayfi' ibn Thabit:
... The Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) said: You may live for a long time after I am gone, Ruwayfi', so, tell people that if anyone ties his beard or wears round his neck a string to ward off the evil eye, or cleanses himself with animal dung or bone, Muhammad has nothing to do with him.
Do not use your right hand
Narrated Abu Qatada:
Allah's Apostle said, "When you drink (water), do not breath in the vessel; and when you urinate, do not touch your penis with your right hand. And when you cleanse yourself after defecation, do not use your right hand."
Wash yourself, once you're done
Narrated Abu Huraira:
Allah's Apostle said, "The prayer of a person who does Hadath (passes urine, stool, or wind) is not accepted till he performs (repeats) the ablution." A person from Hadaramout asked Abu Huraira, "What is 'Hadath'?" Abu Huraira replied, " 'Hadath' means the passing of wind from the anus."
Narrated Anas bin Malik:
Whenever Allah's Apostle went to answer the call of nature, I along with another boy used to accompany him with a tumbler full of water. (Hisham commented, "So that he might wash his private parts with it.)"
Sahih Bukhari 1:4:152, See also: Sahih Bukhari 1:4:153
Narrated Anas bin Malik:
Whenever Allah's Apostle went to answer the call of nature, I along with another boy used to carry a tumbler full of water (for cleaning the private parts) and an 'Anza (spear-headed stuck [sic]).
Note: The above hadith should say 'spear-headed stick'.
Narrated AbuHurayrah:
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: The following verse was revealed in connection with the people of Quba': "In it are men who love to be purified" (ix.108). He (AbuHurayrah) said: They used to cleanse themselves with water after easing. So the verse was revealed in connection with them.
No need to cleanse your anus when done in a river
Usama b. Zaid (Allah be pleased with him) reported: Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) on his way back from 'Arafat got down in one of these creeks (to answer the call of nature), and after he had done that I poured water (over his hands) and said: Are you going to pray? Thereupon he said: The place of prayer is ahead of you.
Say a prayer when exiting the toilet
Narrated Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin:
When the Prophet (peace be upon him) came out of the privy, he used to say: "Grant me Thy forgiveness."[4]
Viz také
- Hygiena - A hub page that leads to other articles related to Hygiena
Externí odkazy
Reference
- ↑ "Vyprávěl al-Tirmidhi, al-Tahaarah, 12; on řekl, že tohle je nejvíce sahíh vyprávění na toto téma. Také jej považoval za sahíh al-Albaani v Saheeh Sunan al-Tirmidhi, no. 11" - Is it haraam to urinate standing up? - Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 9790
- ↑ "Reported by Ibn Maajah, 342; see also Saheeh al-Jaami’, 1202" - Muslim bathroom etiquette - Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 2532
- ↑ Shaykh Faraz Rabbani, "Giving salams to someone in the toilet", SunniPath, Question ID 2118 (archived), http://qa.sunnipath.com/issue_view.asp?HD=1&ID=2118&CATE=34.
- ↑ Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah and At-Tirmithi. An-Nasa'i recorded it in 'Amalul-Yawm wal-Laylah. Also see Ibn Al-Qayyim's Zadul-Ma'ad, 2/387.