Na pravou míru: Nezázrak islámské vědy: Difference between revisions

Although we will not challenge the claim that Muslims invented racial-typing, their explanation above is false. [[Racism|Racial discrimination]] had been used much earlier by [[Muhammad]] bin Abdullah (c. 570 - 632 AD) when he called black people ‘raisin heads’.<ref>"''Narrated Anas bin Malik: The Prophet said, "Listen and obey (your chief) even if an Ethiopian whose head is like a raisin were made your chief."'' - {{Bukhari|9|89|256}}</ref>

{{Quote||'''Co je učeno:''' The science of geography was revived during the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries when the ancient works of Ptolemy were discovered. The Crusades and the Portuguese/Spanish expeditions also contributed to this reawakening. The first scientifically-based treatise on geography were produced during this period by Europe's scholars.<BR><BR>'''Co by se mělo učit:''' Muslim geographers produced untold volumes of books on the geography of Africa, Asia, India, China and the Indies during the 8th through 15th centuries. These writings included the world's first geographical encyclopedias, almanacs and road maps. Ibn Battutah's 14th century masterpieces provide a detailed view of the geography of the ancient world. The Muslim geographers of the 10th through 15th centuries far exceeded the output by Europeans regarding the geography of these regions well into the 18th century. The Crusades led to the destruction of educational institutions, their scholars and books. They brought nothing substantive regarding geography to the Western world.<ref name="Dr K. Ajram"></ref>}}