Korán, hadísy a učenci: Homosexualita: Difference between revisions

{{ quote |{{Quran|4|16}} (also see [[#Tafsir_Quran_4_16|Tafsirs]] of this verse below)|'''A dopustí-li se dva mužové mezi vámi smilstva, potrestejte je oba''': však obrátí-li se kajícně a polepší, nechte je s pokojem, neboť Bůh rád popřává sluchu kajícným a jest slitovný.}}

  Prorok řekl: '''Muž by se neměl dívat na soukromé oblasti jiného muže, a žena by se neměla podívat na soukromé oblasti jiné ženy'''. Muž by neměl ležet s jiným mužem, aniž by na sobě neměl spodní prádlo, pod jednou dekou; a žena by neměla ležet s jinou ženou, aniž by měla spodní prádlo, pod jednou dekou. }}

Apoštol Aláhův '''proklel muže, které se oblékají jako ženy a ženy, které se oblékaly jako muži'''.}}

{{Quote|{{Abudawud|32|4088}}|Vyprávěl Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin:  

that '''prorok proklel muže, kteří imitují ženy a ženy, které imitují muže'''. (Sahih)}}

{{Quote|Mishkat, vol. 1, p. 765, Prescribed Punishments|Ibn Abbas a Abu Huraira oznámili, že posel Aláhův řekl: 'Proklet je ten, kdo dělá to co Lotovi lidé.' Ve verzi...podle Ibn Abbase, Ali [Mohamedův bratranec a nevlastní syn] '''upálil dva lidi''' a že Abu Bakr [Mohamedův hlavní společník] '''na ně nechal spadnout zeď'''.}}

 

{{Quote|{{cite web quotebox|url= http://www.altafsir.com/Tafasir.asp?tMadhNo=0&tTafsirNo=74&tSoraNo=4&tAyahNo=16&tDisplay=yes&UserProfile=0&LanguageId=2|title= Surah 4 Ayah 16|publisher= Royal Aal al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought|author= Feras Hamza (trans.)|series= Tafsir al-Jalalayn|date= |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.altafsir.com%2FTafasir.asp%3FtMadhNo%3D0%26tTafsirNo%3D74%26tSoraNo%3D4%26tAyahNo%3D16%26tDisplay%3Dyes%26UserProfile%3D0%26LanguageId%3D2&date=2014-05-29 |deadurl=no}}|A když '''dva z vás''' (wa’lladhāni / wa’lladhānni) '''muži''', se toho dopustí, tedy, neslušného činu, nevěry nebo homosexuální soulože, potrestejte je oba, nadávkami a bijte je sandály; ale pokud činí pokání, od tohoto [neslušného činu], a odškodňují, skrze [dobré] skutky, tak je nechejte být, a neubližujte jim. Bůh se neodvrací od těch, kteří činí pokání a je k nim slitovný. Tento verš je abrogován předepsaným trestem, pokud je míněna nevěra a podobně pokud je míněna homosexuální soulož, podle al-Shāfi‘ī; ale podle něj, člověk, který je objektem do kterého je penetrováno, není ukamenován, i když je ženatý; raději, je bičován a vyhoštěn. Soudě dle duálního zájmena se zdá být zřejmější, že '''je míněn homosexuální styk [tímto veršem]''', přestože předchozí [sc. al-Shāfi‘ī] měl názor, že se to týkalo nevěrníka s nevěrnicí; ale tento jeho názor může být vyvrácen faktem, že odkaz ke dvěma mužům je zřejmý podle částice "min" připojené k mužskému zájmenu [minkum, ‘z vás’], a podle toho, že dostanou stejný trest, [oba uskutečňují] pokání a [oběma je zaručeno] že budou necháni na pokoji [v dalším životě], '''[z toho] všechno se týká specificky mužů''', vzhledem k tomu, že věznění žen je stanoveno, jak již bylo zmíněno výše.}}

{{Quote|[http://www.islam-qa.com/en/ref/38622/Stoning The punishment for homosexuality]<BR>Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 38622|'''The crime of homosexuality is one of the greatest of crimes, the worst of sins and the most abhorrent of deeds''', and Allaah punished those who did it in a way that He did not punish other nations. It is indicative of violation of the fitrah, total misguidance, weak intellect and lack of religious commitment, and it is a sign of doom and deprivation of the mercy of Allaah. We ask Allaah to keep us safe and sound. }}

{{Quote|[http://www.islam-qa.com/en/ref/10050 Why does Islam forbid lesbianism and homosexuality?]<BR>Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid, Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 10050|'''The spread of homosexuality has caused man diseases which neither the east nor the west can deny exist because of them'''. Even if the only result of this perversion was AIDS – which attacks the immune system in humans – that would be enough.}}

{{Quote|[http://www.islam-qa.com/en/ref/5177/Stoning Can those who have committed homosexual acts be forgiven, and is it permissible for such a person to get married?]<BR>Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid, Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 5177|Praise be to Allaah.

'''Undoubtedly the sin of homosexuality is one of the worst sins; indeed, it is one of the major sins (kabaa’ir) that Allaah has forbidden'''. Allaah destroyed the people of Loot (peace be upon him) with the most terrifying kinds of punishment because they persisted in their sin and made this evil action commonplace and acceptable among themselves. Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning): ''[Quotes {{Quran|11|82-83}}, {{Quran|11|83}}, and {{Quran|54|37}}]''

Imaam Ibn al-Qayyim (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:

It was reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Kill the one who does it and the one to whom it is done.” (Reported by the four authors of Sunan. Its isnaad is saheeh. At-Tirmidhi said it is a hasan hadeeth).

Abu Bakr al-Siddeeq judged in accordance with this, and he wrote instructions to this effect to Khaalid, after consulting with the Sahaabah. ‘Ali was the strictest of them with regard to that. Ibn al-Qasaar and our shaykh said: the Sahaabah agreed that [the person who does homosexual acts] should be killed, but they differed as to how he should be killed. Abu Bakr al-Siddeeq said that he should be thrown down from a cliff. ‘Ali (may Allaah be pleased with him) said that a wall should be made to collapse on him. Ibn ‘Abbaas said, they should be killed by stoning. This shows that there was consensus among them that [the person who does homosexual acts] should be killed, but they differed as to how he should be executed. This is similar to the ruling of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) concerning the person who has intercourse with a woman who is his mahram [incest], because in both cases intercourse is not permitted under any circumstances. Hence the connection was made in the hadeeth of Ibn ‘Abbaas (may Allaah be pleased with him) who reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said, “Whoever you find doing the deed of the people of Loot, kill them.” And it was also reported that he (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Whoever has intercourse with a woman who is his mahram, kill him.” And according to another hadeeth with the same isnaad, “Whoever has intercourse with an animal, kill him and kill the animal with him.” (vyprávěl by Ahmad, 2420; Abu Dawood, 4464; al-Tirmidhi, 1454; al-Haakim, 4/355).

This ruling is in accordance with the ruling of sharee’ah, because the worse the haraam action is, the more severe the punishment for it. Having intercourse in a manner that is not permissible under any circumstances is worse than having intercourse in a manner which may be permitted in some circumstances, so its punishment is more severe. This was stated by Ahmad in one of the two reports vyprávěl from him. (Zaad al-Ma’aad, part 5, p. 40-41).

'''The same applies to the sin of lesbianism. There is no doubt among the fuqahaa’ that lesbianism is haraam and is a major sin''', as stated by al-Haafiz Ibn Hajar (may Allaah have mercy on him). (Al-Mawsoo’ah al-Fiqhiyyah, part 24, p. 251).

With regard to the specific type of punishment mentioned in the question – stoning to death – this kind of punishment is for the adulterer who is married. '''The shar’i punishment for the crime of homosexuality is execution – by the sword''', according to the most correct view – as was vyprávěl in the discussion above about the differences among the scholars as to how this execution should be carried out. As far as lesbianism is concerned, there is no hadd for it, but it is subject to ta’zeer [unspecified punishment to be determined at the discretion of the qaadi]. (al-Mawsoo’ah al-Fiqhiyyah, part 24, p. 253).}}

{{Quote|1=[{{Reference archive|1=http://www.tribune.com.ng/index.php/eyes-of-islam/33537-homosexuality-the-islamic-viewpoint|2=2012-01-06}} Homosexuality: The Islamic viewpoint]<BR>Imam Sirajudeen Bakrin, Nigerian Tribune, December 30, 2011|2='''Homosexuality is one of the worst crimes against creation, nature, religion and human existence'''. Its implications on the individuals and the society at large are manifold. Dr Muhammed, in his book entitled “Islam and Medicine” lists these implications to include:

(1) Aversion for women. Those who practise homosexuality usually don’t have desire for women. This negates one of the essence of marriage, procreation, which can only occur through cohabitation between men and women. Where individuals are compelled to have same sex wives or husbands, such people are deprived of love, mercy and tranquillity, which are the targets of marriage.

(2) Negative impacts on the nerves. This habit is injurious to the soul as it impacts negatively on the soul. This results into attack of psychological reflex in the character of the individual. He thinks that he ought not to have been created as a male. That is why you see gays dressing like women, especially those who occupy the portion of ‘wives’ in this animalistic tendency.

(3) '''Negative impacts on the brain. It causes great disorder in the equilibrium level of human intellect. His perception of issue is thus affected. There is a strong relationship between homosexuality and the proper function of the brain'''.}}

{{Quote|1=[{{Reference archive|1=http://tribune.com.ng/index.php/eyes-of-islam/33905-homosexuality-the-islamic-viewpoint-2|2=2012-01-06}} Homosexuality: The Islamic viewpoint (2)]<BR>Imam Sirajudeen Bakrin, Nigerian Tribune, December 30, 2011|2=... '''fight against homosexual act is not only religious, it is a natural obligation on lovers of human dignity and human rights activists'''.

A look at the nature of man exposes him as being disposed to varying indications. Some of these indication are good, while others are evil, bad and injurious to human existence. Therefore, there is the need for a restriction to human defiance which can result from bad inclination as it affects the society negatively.

Allah has vyprávěl to us the story of Prophet Lut and his people and the punishment meted to them when they first came with this evil act. The Quran says. “And remember Lut, when he said to his people.

‘Do you commit the worst sin such as none preceding you has committed in the Alamin (mankind and .....) Verily, you practise your lusts on man instead of women. Nay, but you are a people transgressing beyond bounds by committing great sins. And the answer of his people was only that they said ‘Drive them out of your town, these are indeed men who want to be pure from sins. Then, we saved him and his family except his wife, she was of those who remained behind in the torment. And we rained down on them a rain of stones. Then see what was the end of the Mujrimun (sinners)” (Suratul A’raf: 80-84).

In suratul Hud, Allah says:  “So when our commandment came, we turned the towns of Sodom upside down and rained on them stones of baked day piled up. Marked from your lord and they are not ever far from the Zalimun (evil doers)” (Hud: 82-83).

 

'''Since this act is one of the most criminal acts in Islam, equally its punishment is one of the greatest. All Muslim scholars agreed that death is the basic judgement such individuals deserve. This is in line with the saying of Prophet Muhammad''' as reported by Ibn Abbas: “If anyone is caught committing the act of the people of Lut, kill both the committer and the person with whom the act is committed” (Abu Dawud).

 

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