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| || Coptic Christians || || {{nameandflag|Egypt}} || Mamluk Sultanate || 1300s-1517 ||Rampant discrimination and persecution under the Pact of Umar forced a majority of Copts to convert to Islam.<ref>Stilt, Kristen (2011). ''Islamic Law in Action: Authority, Discretion, and Everyday Experiences in Mamluk Egypt''. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199602438. p.120.</ref> | | || Coptic Christians || || {{nameandflag|Egypt}} || Mamluk Sultanate || 1300s-1517 ||Rampant discrimination and persecution under the Pact of Umar forced a majority of Copts to convert to Islam.<ref>Stilt, Kristen (2011). ''Islamic Law in Action: Authority, Discretion, and Everyday Experiences in Mamluk Egypt''. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199602438. p.120.</ref> The Mamluks destroyed most of the churches and killed an estimated 300,000 Copts over the 13th century.<ref>Johnstone p.49</ref> | ||
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