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Farewell Sermon: Difference between revisions
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''Please note: The following account of [[Muhammad]]'s [[Farewell Sermon]] is | ''Please note: The following account of [[Muhammad]]'s [[Farewell Sermon]] is an account of dubious origin and which arguably has [[List_of_Fabricated_Hadith#Muhammad.27s_Farewell_Sermon|no primary source]]. Nevertheless, for the purpose of this article, we will accept the text as authentic and analyze it accordingly.'' | ||
==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
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{{Quote||"O People, lend me an attentive ear, for I know not whether after this year, I shall ever be amongst you again. Therefore listen to what I am saying to you very carefully and take these words to those who could not be present here today".}} | {{Quote||"O People, lend me an attentive ear, for I know not whether after this year, I shall ever be amongst you again. Therefore listen to what I am saying to you very carefully and take these words to those who could not be present here today".}} | ||
"Take these words to those who could not be present here today," An extremely significant statement, as it is symbolically calling for a full-scale [[Jihad]]. He accentuates the importance of taking his words to those who are not present there; naturally, by whatever means he has employed thus far to take down all those who had not paid heed to him and his message. | "Take these words to those who could not be present here today," An extremely significant statement, as it is symbolically calling for a full-scale [[Jihad]]. He accentuates the importance of taking his words to those who are not present there; naturally, by whatever means he has employed thus far to take down all those who had not paid heed to him and his message. | ||
{{Quote||O People, just as you regard this month, this day, and this city as Sacred, so regard the life and property of every Muslim as a sacred trust. Return the goods entrusted to you to their rightful owners. Hurt no one so that no one may hurt you. Remember that you will indeed meet your lord, and that he will indeed reckon your deeds. Allah has forbidden you to take usury (interest), therefore all interest obligation shall henceforth be waived. Your capital, however, is yours to keep. You will neither inflict nor suffer any inequity. Allah has judged that there shall be no interest and that all the interest due to Abbas ibn 'Abd'al Muttalib (Prophet's uncle) shall henceforth be waived...”}} | {{Quote||O People, just as you regard this month, this day, and this city as Sacred, so regard the life and property of every Muslim as a sacred trust. Return the goods entrusted to you to their rightful owners. Hurt no one so that no one may hurt you. Remember that you will indeed meet your lord, and that he will indeed reckon your deeds. Allah has forbidden you to take usury (interest), therefore all interest obligation shall henceforth be waived. Your capital, however, is yours to keep. You will neither inflict nor suffer any inequity. Allah has judged that there shall be no interest and that all the interest due to Abbas ibn 'Abd'al Muttalib (Prophet's uncle) shall henceforth be waived...”}} | ||
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{{Quote||"Remember, one day you will appear before ALLAH and answer your deeds. So beware, do not stray from the path of righteousness after I am gone. O People, no prophet or apostle will be come after me and no new faith will be born. Reason well, therefore, O People, and understand words which I convey to you. I leave behind me two things, the Quran and my example, the sunnah, and if you follow these you will never go astray. All those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and those to others again; and may the last ones understand my words better than those who listen to me directly. Be my witness, O Allah, that I have conveyed your message to your people".}} | {{Quote||"Remember, one day you will appear before ALLAH and answer your deeds. So beware, do not stray from the path of righteousness after I am gone. O People, no prophet or apostle will be come after me and no new faith will be born. Reason well, therefore, O People, and understand words which I convey to you. I leave behind me two things, the Quran and my example, the sunnah, and if you follow these you will never go astray. All those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and those to others again; and may the last ones understand my words better than those who listen to me directly. Be my witness, O Allah, that I have conveyed your message to your people".}} | ||
Muhammad reaffirms the termination of prophethood by saying "no new faith will be born." Once again, "will be born" | Muhammad reaffirms the termination of prophethood by saying "no new faith will be born." Once again, "will be born", when spoken by Muhammad, means "should be born." | ||
This speech took place after winning over the unbelievers of Mecca. He had already expelled the entirety of the Jewish population from the land, and cleansed his holy city of | This speech took place after winning over the unbelievers of Mecca. He had already expelled the entirety of the Jewish population from the land, and cleansed his holy city of unbelievers. Islam had finally won over existing faiths, and likewise there should be no other faiths in the future. The sentiment expressed here often used as grounds for the prosecution of "deviants" such as the Baha'i, Ahmadiyya, and indeed Shi'a communities in the Muslim world. | ||
He continues by saying "I leave behind me two things, the Qur'an and my example, the sunnah, and if you follow these you will never go astray". As with the beginning, he concludes the sermon with the reiteration for Jihad. "All those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and those to others again" And by doing so, they have to follow Qur'an and Sunnah of the prophet. This takes us back to the Qur'an. | He continues by saying "I leave behind me two things, the Qur'an and my example, the sunnah, and if you follow these you will never go astray". As with the beginning, he concludes the sermon with the reiteration for Jihad. "All those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and those to others again" And by doing so, they have to follow Qur'an and Sunnah of the prophet. This takes us back to the Qur'an. | ||
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Ad-Dahhak reported that Ibn `Abbas said about the Ayah (And fight them until there is no more Fitnah...) "So that there is no more Shirk.}} | Ad-Dahhak reported that Ibn `Abbas said about the Ayah (And fight them until there is no more Fitnah...) "So that there is no more Shirk.}} | ||
It is | It is evident here that the word "Fitna" denotes polytheism or anything un-Islamic. | ||
==Conclusion== | ==Conclusion== | ||
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He ordered his [[ummah]] to take his message to the absentees, and the precedence in how to approach this task was set by Muhammad himself. "Take these words to those who could not be present here today". Muhammad ordered it, and his followers complied by invading nation after nation in what is now referred to as the Arab or Muslim conquests. The message of Muhammad’s farewell sermon has to be understood under the context in which it was delivered, otherwise its true meaning is lost. | He ordered his [[ummah]] to take his message to the absentees, and the precedence in how to approach this task was set by Muhammad himself. "Take these words to those who could not be present here today". Muhammad ordered it, and his followers complied by invading nation after nation in what is now referred to as the Arab or Muslim conquests. The message of Muhammad’s farewell sermon has to be understood under the context in which it was delivered, otherwise its true meaning is lost. | ||
It is obvious that the sermon has been cut short while reporting. Additions may not have been made, but there | It is obvious that the sermon has been cut short while reporting. Additions may not have been made, but there was almost certainly a great deal of deletion or forgetfulness. The reason being that this sort of sermon is usually lengthy, but this particular one, if accepted as genuine, is rather short. | ||
{{Core Women}} | {{Core Women}} | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
* [[Invitations to Islam Prior to Violence]] | *[[Invitations to Islam Prior to Violence]] | ||
{{Hub4|Farewell Sermon|the Farewell Sermon}} | {{Hub4|Farewell Sermon|the Farewell Sermon}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
* {{external_link|url=http://bjhollingum.blogspot.com/2010/05/farewell-sermon.html |title=The Farewell Sermon |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://bjhollingum.blogspot.com/2010/05/farewell-sermon.html&date=2011-03-01 |archivedate=2011-03-01 |linkdesc=Blog post discussing the "sources" provided for this alternative Farewell Sermon |deadurl=no}} | |||
* {{external_link|url=http://www.islam-watch.org/authors/89-other-authors/134-fraudulent-translation-of-muhammad-last-sermon-egalitarian.html |title=Fraudulent Translation of Muhammad's 'Last Sermon' to Make It Egalitarian |publisher=Islam-Watch |author=T. Omar Moros |date=August 18, 2009 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.islam-watch.org/authors/89-other-authors/134-fraudulent-translation-of-muhammad-last-sermon-egalitarian.html&date=2013-05-31 |archivedate=2013-05-31 |deadurl=no}} | *{{external_link|url=http://bjhollingum.blogspot.com/2010/05/farewell-sermon.html |title=The Farewell Sermon |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://bjhollingum.blogspot.com/2010/05/farewell-sermon.html&date=2011-03-01 |archivedate=2011-03-01 |linkdesc=Blog post discussing the "sources" provided for this alternative Farewell Sermon |deadurl=no}} | ||
*{{external_link|url=http://www.islam-watch.org/authors/89-other-authors/134-fraudulent-translation-of-muhammad-last-sermon-egalitarian.html |title=Fraudulent Translation of Muhammad's 'Last Sermon' to Make It Egalitarian |publisher=Islam-Watch |author=T. Omar Moros |date=August 18, 2009 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.islam-watch.org/authors/89-other-authors/134-fraudulent-translation-of-muhammad-last-sermon-egalitarian.html&date=2013-05-31 |archivedate=2013-05-31 |deadurl=no}} | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||