Qurban (Ritual Sacrifice): Difference between revisions

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 This story of Ibrahim almost sacrificing Isma'il however can only be regarded as apocryphal, coming as it does more than a thousand years after the primary source which first describes this event, Genesis 22:1-14, and more than two thousand years after the event itself is said to have taken place. Moreover the change made to the story from the one found in the Bible, the son being Isma'il instead of his brother Ishaq, betrays a clear sectarian purpose. According to the Islamic tradition Isma'il is the progenitor of the Arabs, who were in the first centuries of Islam pre-eminent in their singular claim to the Islamic tradition, whereas in both the Judaic and Islamic traditions Ishaq(Yitzkhaq or Isaac in Hebrew) is the progenitor of the Jewish people. By moving the favored position of the miracle from Ishaq to Isma'il, the Islamic tradition is making a bold encroachment into the sacred history of the Jewish people and laying claim to their favor by god and Ibrahim.
-The "Festival of Sacrifice" or "Greater Bairam" id est عيد الأضحى "[[Eid al-Adha|Eid Al-Adha]]" is a religious festival celebrated by [[Muslims]] (including the [[Druze]]) worldwide to commemorate the willingness of [[Ibrahim]] to sacrifice his son [[Isma'il]] as an act
-of obedience to [[God in Islam|God]] and the sacrifice's close-call aversion by Allah providing a ram to sacrifice in Isma'il's stead. Qurban is used to refer to the sacrifice of a livestock animal during Eid ul-Adha. Eid al-Adha is the latter of two [[Muslim holidays|Eid]] festivals celebrated by Muslims, whose basis comes from the Quran.<ref>[{{Quran-url-only|2|196}} Quranic Basis for Eid al-Adha]</ref> (Muslims in Iran celebrate a third [[Eid e shuja|Eid]].)  Like [[Eid al-Fitr]], Eid al-Adha begins with a short prayer followed by a sermon.
+{{Quote|{{quran-range|37|106|107}}|This was certainly an evident test. And We redeemed him with a great sacrifice.}}
+The "Festival of Sacrifice" or "Greater Bairam" id est عيد الأضحى "[[Eid al-Adha|Eid Al-Adha]]" is a religious festival celebrated by [[Muslims]] (including the [[Druze]]) worldwide to commemorate the willingness of [[Ibrahim]] to sacrifice his son [[Isma'il]] as an act of obedience to [[God in Islam|God]] and the sacrifice's close-call aversion by Allah providing a ram to sacrifice in Isma'il's stead. Qurban is used to refer to the sacrifice of a livestock animal during Eid ul-Adha. Eid al-Adha is the latter of two [[Muslim holidays|Eid]] festivals celebrated by Muslims, whose basis comes from the Quran.<ref>[{{Quran-url-only|2|196}} Quranic Basis for Eid al-Adha]</ref> (Muslims in Iran celebrate a third [[Eid e shuja|Eid]].)  Like [[Eid al-Fitr]], Eid al-Adha begins with a short prayer followed by a sermon.
 ===Muhammad's grandfather===
-The grandfather of the Prophet Muhammad, Abd-al-Muttalib, is also  reported by the Islamic tradition to have had an almost-sacrifice. According to the tradition, he went to the [[Ka'aba]] in order to engage in ميسر‎ "maisir" , or gambling by means of shooting arrows, on which one of his 10 children to sacrifice to the pagan god [[Hubal]]. After the die fell as it were on Abdullah, the future father of Muhammad,  Abd-al-Muttalib's daughter implored him to sacrifice 10 camels instead. After repeatedly playing the game of chance again and again, the arrows finally fell on the camels, which he sacrificed, and this was seen as  evidence of divine intervention. This story is thus used to explain Qur'an surah 37 ayahs 106-107
-{{Quote|{{quran-range|37|106|107}}|This was certainly an evident test. And We redeemed him with a great sacrifice.}}
+The grandfather of the Prophet Muhammad, Abd-al-Muttalib, is also  reported by the Islamic tradition to have had an almost-sacrifice. According to the sira of [[ibn Ishaq]], he made a promise to the pagan god [[Hubal]] that if Hubal were to grant him ten sons he would sacrifice one of them to Hubal. After the birth of his tenth son, he went to the [[Ka'aba]] in order to engage in ميسر‎ "maisir" , or gambling by means of shooting arrows, on which one of his 10 children to sacrifice to the pagan god [[Hubal]]. He had each one of his sons write their name on an arrow and gave the ten arrows to an archer who cast die on which one of them he would shoot. After the die fell as it were on Abdullah, the future father of Muhammad, the Quraysh implored him not to sacrifice his son for fear of encouraging more sacrifices of sons. The Quraysh and his sons instead convinced him to consult a sorceress in Khaybar. The sorceress order him to offer the equivalent of the blood price for a man, 10 camels, to Hubal and use the same method to decide between sacrificing Abdullah and 10 camels. If the arrow fell on Abdullah, the sorcerres ordered him to add 10 camels to the existing number and try again and again until the arrow fell on the camels. After repeatedly playing the game of chance again and again, the arrows finally fell on the camels, by this point 100 of them, which he sacrificed, and this was seen as  evidence of divine intervention.
 ==Historicity of human sacrifice in 7th century Arabia==
-Evidence from outside of the Islamic tradition, however, shows that human sacrifice, of children and prisoners of war, stopped before the 7th century AD in the 6th century in Arabia, which may indicate that this story was invented in order to explain the Qur'an verse rather than representing an authentic tradition about the life of the prophet.
+Evidence from outside of the Islamic tradition, however, shows that human sacrifice, of children and prisoners of war, stopped before the 7th century AD in the 6th century in Arabia, which may indicate that this story was invented in order to further grant divine favor to the lineage of Muhammad from the Arabian tradition.
 ==Social Impact of Qurban==