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[[File:A scene from submission.jpg|right|thumb|278px|A scene from Submission, a film about domestic violence in Islam, by Theo van Gogh. | [[File:A scene from submission.jpg|right|thumb|278px|A scene from Submission, a film about domestic violence in Islam, by Theo van Gogh.]] | ||
This article explores how [[Wife Beating|wife-beating]] is promoted in the [[Qur'an]] and [[Hadith]]s, along with commentary from Muslim scholars, [[Muslim Statistics|statistics]] on wife beating in the Muslim world, and common apologetic arguments made by Muslims and [[Refutations|responses]] to them. | This article explores how [[Wife Beating|wife-beating]] is promoted in the [[Qur'an]] and [[Hadith]]s, along with commentary from Muslim scholars, [[Muslim Statistics|statistics]] on wife beating in the Muslim world, and common apologetic arguments made by Muslims and [[Refutations|responses]] to them. | ||
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The beginning: | The beginning: | ||
* ٱلرِّجَالُ (''ar-rijaalu'') - men | |||
* قَوَّٰمُونَ (''qawwaamoona'') - maintainers | *ٱلرِّجَالُ (''ar-rijaalu'') - men | ||
* عَلَى ('''ala'') - over | *قَوَّٰمُونَ (''qawwaamoona'') - maintainers | ||
* ٱلنِّسَآءِ (''nisaa'i'') - women | *عَلَى ('''ala'') - over | ||
*ٱلنِّسَآءِ (''nisaa'i'') - women | |||
The "beat them" part: | The "beat them" part: | ||
* فَعِظُوهُنَّ (''fa'aithoohunna'') - then (''fa'') admonish ('''aithoo'') them (''hunna'') | |||
* وَٱهْجُرُوهُنَّ (''wahjuroohunna'') - and (''wa'') forsake (''hjuroo'') them (''hunna'') | *فَعِظُوهُنَّ (''fa'aithoohunna'') - then (''fa'') admonish ('''aithoo'') them (''hunna'') | ||
* فِى (''fy'') - in | *وَٱهْجُرُوهُنَّ (''wahjuroohunna'') - and (''wa'') forsake (''hjuroo'') them (''hunna'') | ||
* ٱلْمَضَاجِعِ (''almadaji'ai'') - beds | *فِى (''fy'') - in | ||
* وَٱضْرِبُوهُنَّ (''wadriboohunna'') - and (''wa'') '''beat''' (''driboo'') '''them''' (''hunna'') | *ٱلْمَضَاجِعِ (''almadaji'ai'') - beds | ||
* فَإِنْ (''fa'in'') - then (''fa'') if (''in'') | *وَٱضْرِبُوهُنَّ (''wadriboohunna'') - and (''wa'') '''beat''' (''driboo'') '''them''' (''hunna'') | ||
* أَطَعْنَكُمْ (''ata'anakum'') - they obey (ata'ana) you (''kum'') | *فَإِنْ (''fa'in'') - then (''fa'') if (''in'') | ||
*أَطَعْنَكُمْ (''ata'anakum'') - they obey (ata'ana) you (''kum'') | |||
The root of the word وَٱضْرِبُوهُنَّ (''wa-driboo-hunna'') is ضرب (d-r-b). The letter ٱ (''alif waslah'') [[Arabic_letters_and_diacritics#Special_alif_diacritics|is not pronounced]] here but if it was without the و (''-wa'', meaning "and") prefix and at a beginning of a speech it would be read as "i", so the word would be "'''i'''driboohunna" (ٱضْرِبُوهُنَّ). | The root of the word وَٱضْرِبُوهُنَّ (''wa-driboo-hunna'') is ضرب (d-r-b). The letter ٱ (''alif waslah'') [[Arabic_letters_and_diacritics#Special_alif_diacritics|is not pronounced]] here but if it was without the و (''-wa'', meaning "and") prefix and at a beginning of a speech it would be read as "i", so the word would be "'''i'''driboohunna" (ٱضْرِبُوهُنَّ). | ||
There are many other words, derived from this root, with a similar meaning, used in the Qur'an: | There are many other words, derived from this root, with a similar meaning, used in the Qur'an: | ||
* Verse 2:60 "...'''strike''' (ٱضْرِب, ''drib'') the rock with your staff..." | |||
* Verse 2:73 "...'''strike it''' (ٱضْرِبُوهُ, ''driboo-hu'') with a part of the cow..." | *Verse 2:60 "...'''strike''' (ٱضْرِب, ''drib'') the rock with your staff..." | ||
* Verse 8:12 "...'''so strike''' (فَٱضْرِبُوا۟, ''fa-driboo'') on their necks..." | *Verse 2:73 "...'''strike it''' (ٱضْرِبُوهُ, ''driboo-hu'') with a part of the cow..." | ||
* and others. | *Verse 8:12 "...'''so strike''' (فَٱضْرِبُوا۟, ''fa-driboo'') on their necks..." | ||
*and others. | |||
The word "lighly" does not appear in the original Arabic version and it is only added by some translators. | The word "lighly" does not appear in the original Arabic version and it is only added by some translators. | ||
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In summation, we find in the Hadiths: | In summation, we find in the Hadiths: | ||
#'A'isha did not consider Muhammad himself to have ever hit a woman, although on one occasion he painfully pushed / struck her in the chest | #'A'isha did not consider Muhammad himself to have ever hit a woman, although on one occasion he painfully pushed / struck her in the chest | ||
#Muhammad at first forbade the beating of Muslim women, but was persuaded to allow it when Umar warned that the men were losing control of their wives | #Muhammad at first forbade the beating of Muslim women, but was persuaded to allow it when Umar warned that the men were losing control of their wives | ||
#Muhammad allowed some of his prominent companions to hit women and slap his own wives (the very women whom all Muslims adore and refer to as "the Mother of believers" | #Muhammad allowed some of his prominent companions to hit women and slap his own wives (the very women whom all Muslims adore and refer to as "the Mother of believers" | ||
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*[http://www.hotpeachpages.net/index.html International inventory of domestic violence services] ''- Global list of abuse hotlines, shelters, refuges, crisis centres and women's organizations, plus domestic violence information in over 80 languages'' | *[http://www.hotpeachpages.net/index.html International inventory of domestic violence services] ''- Global list of abuse hotlines, shelters, refuges, crisis centres and women's organizations, plus domestic violence information in over 80 languages'' | ||
*[http:///www.answering-islam.org/Silas/wife-beating.htm Wife Beating in Islam] ''- by Silas'' | *[http:///www.answering-islam.org/Silas/wife-beating.htm Wife Beating in Islam] ''- by Silas'' | ||
* [http://www.answering-islam.org/Authors/Arlandson/beating.htm Domestic violence in Islam: The Quran on wife-beating] ''- by James Arlandson'' | *[http://www.answering-islam.org/Authors/Arlandson/beating.htm Domestic violence in Islam: The Quran on wife-beating] ''- by James Arlandson'' | ||
* [http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/LE25Ak01.html Wife-beating, sharia, and Western law] ''- Asia Times'' | *[http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/LE25Ak01.html Wife-beating, sharia, and Western law] ''- Asia Times'' | ||
* ''Video:'' [http://www.filecabi.net/video/burka-beat.html Woman Hit For Not Wearing Burka]'' (warning, contains scenes of woman being slapped a number of times; may be disturbing to some viewers)'' | *''Video:'' [http://www.filecabi.net/video/burka-beat.html Woman Hit For Not Wearing Burka]'' (warning, contains scenes of woman being slapped a number of times; may be disturbing to some viewers)'' | ||
'''News''' | '''News''' | ||
* [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1335024/Muslim-imam-Sheikh-Adam-lectures-non-violence-arrested-wife-beating.htmlMuslim imam who lectures on non-violence in Germany is arrested for beating up his wife] ''- Sheikh Abu Adam shouted Qur'an verse 4:34 at his wife as he beat her. She suffered a broken nose and shoulder and numerous cuts and bruises'' | |||
* [http://www.haaretz.com/news/saudi-judge-says-it-s-okay-for-men-to-beat-their-wives-1.275823 Saudi Judge Says it's Ok for Men to Beat Their Wives] | *[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1335024/Muslim-imam-Sheikh-Adam-lectures-non-violence-arrested-wife-beating.htmlMuslim imam who lectures on non-violence in Germany is arrested for beating up his wife] ''- Sheikh Abu Adam shouted Qur'an verse 4:34 at his wife as he beat her. She suffered a broken nose and shoulder and numerous cuts and bruises'' | ||
* [http://gatesofvienna.blogspot.com/2010/03/its-in-koran.html Algeria: Prison for Violent Husbands is Against Koran, Mufti] | *[http://www.haaretz.com/news/saudi-judge-says-it-s-okay-for-men-to-beat-their-wives-1.275823 Saudi Judge Says it's Ok for Men to Beat Their Wives] | ||
*[http://gatesofvienna.blogspot.com/2010/03/its-in-koran.html Algeria: Prison for Violent Husbands is Against Koran, Mufti] | |||
*[http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/oct/18/wife-beating-uae-sharia-law-court Wife-beating allowed under sharia law, UAE court rules] | *[http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/oct/18/wife-beating-uae-sharia-law-court Wife-beating allowed under sharia law, UAE court rules] | ||
* [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2119846/Muslim-guide-marriage-tells-husbands-beat-hand-stick.html#ixzz1q7BCPLdj 'Pull her by the ear, beat her by hand or stick': How the Islamic guide to a happy marriage advises husbands to treat their wives] - ''Daily Mail, UK, March 2012'' | *[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2119846/Muslim-guide-marriage-tells-husbands-beat-hand-stick.html#ixzz1q7BCPLdj 'Pull her by the ear, beat her by hand or stick': How the Islamic guide to a happy marriage advises husbands to treat their wives] - ''Daily Mail, UK, March 2012'' | ||
==References== | ==References== |