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Dhul-Qarnayn and the Sun Setting in a Muddy Spring - Part Two: Difference between revisions
Dhul-Qarnayn and the Sun Setting in a Muddy Spring - Part Two (view source)
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When wajada is used in this ditransitive way, it is being used as a “verb of the heart” (that is what أفْعَالُ القُلُوبِ means in the quote), and the predicate must fit the reality, as shown on [http://www.learnarabiconline.com LearnArabicOnline], which is quoted below (wajada is the 2<sup>nd</sup> verb from the bottom). What Lane calls the noun and predicate is here called the topic and comment. | When wajada is used in this ditransitive way, it is being used as a “verb of the heart” (that is what أفْعَالُ القُلُوبِ means in the quote), and the predicate must fit the reality, as shown on [http://www.learnarabiconline.com LearnArabicOnline], which is quoted below (wajada is the 2<sup>nd</sup> verb from the bottom). What Lane calls the noun and predicate is here called the topic and comment. | ||
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|Verbs in which two objects were originally topic and comment are known as Verbs of the Heart. The following seven verbs have the potential to be used as Verbs of the Heart. | |Verbs in which two objects were originally topic and comment are known as Verbs of the Heart. The following seven verbs have the potential to be used as Verbs of the Heart. | ||
|} | |} | ||
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! Example Usage | !Example Usage | ||
! Verb of the Heart | !Verb of the Heart | ||
|- | |- | ||
|I '''mistook''' it to be worthwhile | |I '''mistook''' it to be worthwhile | ||
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|رأى | |رأى | ||
|- | |- | ||
|I '''(rightfully) found''' it to be worthwhile | |I '''(rightfully) found''' it to be worthwhile | ||
|وجَد | |وجَد | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|زعَم | |زعَم | ||
|} | |} | ||
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|'''Definitions'''<BR> | |'''Definitions'''<BR> | ||
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===Wajada in the Qur’an=== | ===Wajada in the Qur’an=== | ||
Now let us also look at how wajada is used in the Qur’an. It is used there 107 times,<ref>A relatively quick way to see all of them is to do phonetic transliteration searches ([http://www.islamicity.com/ps/default.htm IslamiCity/ Search]) for wajad, yajad and tajad (yajidu and tajidu are forms of wajada in the imperfect tense), look at those results which are listed on the root list, and finally check 6:145, 9:92, 12:94, 18:36, 20:10, 20:115, 65:6 and 72:22 separately.<BR><BR>Alternatively, you can use this search: [http://corpus.Quran.com/search.jsp?q=pos%3Av+%28I%29+root%3Awjd The Quranic Arabic Corpus/ Search Results for pos:v (i) root:وجد]. That only returns 106 results for some reason. Their dictionary lists 107 occurances.<BR><BR>We can briefly list the 107 instances of wajada in the Qur’an. The following 10 verses use wajada as an intransitive verb which means having material means or money for a particular purpose: 2:196, 4:92, 5:89, 9:79, 9:91, 18:53, 24:33, 58:4, 58:12, 65:6.<BR><BR>The following 9 verses use wajada as a mono-transitive verb: 2:283, 4:43, 4:89, 5:6, 9:5, 9:57, 12:94, 33:65, 48:22.<BR><BR>The following verses use wajada as a ditransitive or tritransitive verb: 2:96, 2:110, 3:30, 3:37, 4:52, 4:64, 4:65, 4:82, 4:88, 4:91, 4:100, 4:110, 4:121, 4:123, 4:143, 4:145, 4:173, 5:82, 5:82, 5:104, 6:145, 7:17, 7:28, 7:44,7:44, 7:102, 7:102, 7:157, 9:92, 9:92, 9:123, 10:78, 12:65, 12:75, 12:79, 17:68, 17:69, 17:75, 17:77, 17:86, 17:97, 18:17, 18:27, 18:36, 18:49, 18:58, 18:65, 18:69, 18:77, 18:86, 18:86, 18:90, 18:93, 20:10, 20:115, 21:53, 24:28, 24:39, 24:39, 26:74, 27:23, 27:24, 28:15, 28:23, 28:23, 28:27, 33:17, 31:21, 33:62, 35:43, 35:43, 37:102, 38:44, 43:22, 43:23, 43:24, 48:23, 51:36, 58:22, 59:9, 71:25, 72:8, 72:9, 72:22, 73:20, 93:6, 93:7, 93:8.</ref> as listed by [http://www.studyquran.co.uk/PRLonline.htm Project Root List] and [http://corpus.Quran.com/ | Now let us also look at how wajada is used in the Qur’an. It is used there 107 times,<ref>A relatively quick way to see all of them is to do phonetic transliteration searches ([http://www.islamicity.com/ps/default.htm IslamiCity/ Search]) for wajad, yajad and tajad (yajidu and tajidu are forms of wajada in the imperfect tense), look at those results which are listed on the root list, and finally check 6:145, 9:92, 12:94, 18:36, 20:10, 20:115, 65:6 and 72:22 separately.<BR><BR>Alternatively, you can use this search: [http://corpus.Quran.com/search.jsp?q=pos%3Av+%28I%29+root%3Awjd The Quranic Arabic Corpus/ Search Results for pos:v (i) root:وجد]. That only returns 106 results for some reason. Their dictionary lists 107 occurances.<BR><BR>We can briefly list the 107 instances of wajada in the Qur’an. The following 10 verses use wajada as an intransitive verb which means having material means or money for a particular purpose: 2:196, 4:92, 5:89, 9:79, 9:91, 18:53, 24:33, 58:4, 58:12, 65:6.<BR><BR>The following 9 verses use wajada as a mono-transitive verb: 2:283, 4:43, 4:89, 5:6, 9:5, 9:57, 12:94, 33:65, 48:22.<BR><BR>The following verses use wajada as a ditransitive or tritransitive verb: 2:96, 2:110, 3:30, 3:37, 4:52, 4:64, 4:65, 4:82, 4:88, 4:91, 4:100, 4:110, 4:121, 4:123, 4:143, 4:145, 4:173, 5:82, 5:82, 5:104, 6:145, 7:17, 7:28, 7:44,7:44, 7:102, 7:102, 7:157, 9:92, 9:92, 9:123, 10:78, 12:65, 12:75, 12:79, 17:68, 17:69, 17:75, 17:77, 17:86, 17:97, 18:17, 18:27, 18:36, 18:49, 18:58, 18:65, 18:69, 18:77, 18:86, 18:86, 18:90, 18:93, 20:10, 20:115, 21:53, 24:28, 24:39, 24:39, 26:74, 27:23, 27:24, 28:15, 28:23, 28:23, 28:27, 33:17, 31:21, 33:62, 35:43, 35:43, 37:102, 38:44, 43:22, 43:23, 43:24, 48:23, 51:36, 58:22, 59:9, 71:25, 72:8, 72:9, 72:22, 73:20, 93:6, 93:7, 93:8.</ref> as listed by [http://www.studyquran.co.uk/PRLonline.htm Project Root List] and [http://corpus.Quran.com/ The Quranic Arabic Corpus]. | ||
You will see if you read them that this verb never means a mere perception that conflicts with an objective reality nor an opinion of what something appears like. | You will see if you read them that this verb never means a mere perception that conflicts with an objective reality nor an opinion of what something appears like. | ||
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In contrast, the evidence overwhelmingly supports the clear and obvious interpretation that this is intended to be understood as a historical account in which Dhu’l Qarnayn traveled until he reached the place where the sun sets and actually found that it went down into a muddy spring near to where a people were, and that he then traveled until he reached the place where the sun rises and actually found that it rose up above a people who lived close to the place where the sun rises. | In contrast, the evidence overwhelmingly supports the clear and obvious interpretation that this is intended to be understood as a historical account in which Dhu’l Qarnayn traveled until he reached the place where the sun sets and actually found that it went down into a muddy spring near to where a people were, and that he then traveled until he reached the place where the sun rises and actually found that it rose up above a people who lived close to the place where the sun rises. | ||
==See Also== | |||
== See Also == | |||
*[[Dhul-Qarnayn and the Sun Setting in a Muddy Spring - Part One|Dhul-Qarnayn and the Sun Setting in a Muddy Spring (Part One)]] | *[[Dhul-Qarnayn and the Sun Setting in a Muddy Spring - Part One|Dhul-Qarnayn and the Sun Setting in a Muddy Spring (Part One)]] | ||
*[[Did Muhammad and the early Muslims know that the Earth is round|Did Muhammad and the Earliest Muslims Know the Earth is Round?]] | *[[Did Muhammad and the early Muslims know that the Earth is round|Did Muhammad and the Earliest Muslims Know the Earth is Round?]] | ||
{{Hub4|Dhul-Qarnayn|Dhul-Qarnayn}} | {{Hub4|Dhul-Qarnayn|Dhul-Qarnayn}} | ||
{{Hub4|Cosmology|Cosmology}} | {{Hub4|Cosmology|Cosmology}} | ||