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Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Predestination: Difference between revisions
Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Predestination (view source)
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According to the doctrine of qadr قدر everything that will ever happen has been envisioned by Allah and "written" in his book. This includes the fate of individual people in heaven or in hell. The Qur'an is actually quite explicit that Allah guides those he favors to heaven and belief and those he despises to unbelief and hell. The fate of individuals, therefore, is ultimately not in their hands but in Allah's, whose hands are not "chained" or restricted in any way; thus anything that Allah wills will come to pass, and only he knows what this fate is. | According to the doctrine of qadr قدر everything that will ever happen has been envisioned by Allah and "written" in his book. This includes the fate of individual people in heaven or in hell. The Qur'an is actually quite explicit that Allah guides those he favors to heaven and belief and those he despises to unbelief and hell. The fate of individuals, therefore, is ultimately not in their hands but in Allah's, whose hands are not "chained" or restricted in any way; thus anything that Allah wills will come to pass, and only he knows what this fate is. | ||
== Qur'an== | ==Qur'an== | ||
===Everything Happens by the Will of Allah=== | ===Everything Happens by the Will of Allah=== | ||
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{{Quote|{{Quran|76|31}}|'''He will admit to His Mercy whom He will'''; But the wrong-doers,- for them has He prepared a grievous Penalty. }} | {{Quote|{{Quran|76|31}}|'''He will admit to His Mercy whom He will'''; But the wrong-doers,- for them has He prepared a grievous Penalty. }} | ||
===Allah Decides whether a Person Will Believe === | ===Allah Decides whether a Person Will Believe=== | ||
{{Quote|{{Quran-range|10|99|100}}|And '''if your Lord had pleased, surely all those who are in the earth would have believed, all of them'''; will you then force men till they become believers? And '''it is not for a soul to believe except by Allah’s permission'''; and He casts uncleanness on those who will not understand. }} | {{Quote|{{Quran-range|10|99|100}}|And '''if your Lord had pleased, surely all those who are in the earth would have believed, all of them'''; will you then force men till they become believers? And '''it is not for a soul to believe except by Allah’s permission'''; and He casts uncleanness on those who will not understand. }} | ||
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===Miscellaneous=== | ===Miscellaneous=== | ||
{{Quote|Tabari I:305|Then Allah rubbed Adam's back and brought forth his progeny. And every living being to be created by Allah to the Day of Resurrection came forth. He scattered them in front of him like tiny ants. '''He took two handfuls and said to those on the right, 'Enter Paradise! And He said to the others, 'Enter the Fire!''' I do not care.}} | {{Quote|{{citation|title=The History of al-Tabari|trans_title=Ta’rikh al-rusul wa’l-muluk|volume=vol. I|ISBN=0-88706-562-7|year=1989|publisher=SUNY Press|author=al-Tabari (d. 923)|editor1=Franz Rosenthal|editor2=W. Montgomery Watt|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryAlTabari40Vol/History_Al-Tabari_10_Vol/page/n1/mode/2up|page=305}}<br>{{citation|title=تاريخ الرسل والملوك|author=أبو جعفر الطبري|url=https://app.turath.io/book/9783|publisher=al-Maktabah al-Shamilah|volume=vol.1 |page=133-34}} | ||
|Then Allah rubbed Adam's back and brought forth his progeny. And every living being to be created by Allah to the Day of Resurrection came forth. He scattered them in front of him like tiny ants. '''He took two handfuls and said to those on the right, 'Enter Paradise! And He said to the others, 'Enter the Fire!''' I do not care.}} | |||
{{Quote|Ishaq:395|No soul can die but by Allah's permission in a term that is written.}} | {{Quote| | ||
{{citation|title=The Life of Muhammad|trans_title=Sirat Rasul Allah|ISBN=0-19-636033-1|year=1955|publisher=Oxford UP|author1=Ibn Ishaq (d. 768)|author2=Ibn Hisham (d. 833)|editor=A. Guillaume|url=https://archive.org/details/GuillaumeATheLifeOfMuhammad/page/n1/mode/2up|page=395}}<br>{{citation|title=سيرة ابن هشام ت السقا|author1=ابن إسحاق|author2=ابن هشام|url=https://app.turath.io/book/23833|publisher=al-Maktabah al-Shamilah|volume=vol.2 |page=111}}|No soul can die but by Allah's permission in a term that is written.}} | |||
{{Quote|Tabari I | {{Quote|{{citation|title=The History of al-Tabari|trans_title=Ta’rikh al-rusul wa’l-muluk|volume=vol. I|ISBN=0-88706-562-7|year=1989|publisher=SUNY Press|author=al-Tabari (d. 923)|editor1=Franz Rosenthal|editor2=W. Montgomery Watt|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryAlTabari40Vol/History_Al-Tabari_10_Vol/page/n1/mode/2up|page=201-202}}<br>{{citation|title=تاريخ الرسل والملوك|author=أبو جعفر الطبري|url=https://app.turath.io/book/9783|publisher=al-Maktabah al-Shamilah|volume=vol.1|page=34}} | ||
{{Quote|Tabari I:306| | |There are people who consider From the Creation to the Flood predestination untrue? He said: (Then), they consider the Book of God untrue! I shall seize one of them by the hair and shake him up. God was on His Throne before He created anything. The first (thing) created by God was the Pen. It proceeded to (write) whatever is going to be to the Day of Resurrection . People will proceed merely in accordance with what is a foregone conclusion (decided by predestination and written down by the Pen). }} | ||
{{Quote|{{citation|title=The History of al-Tabari|trans_title=Ta’rikh al-rusul wa’l-muluk|volume=vol. I|ISBN=0-88706-562-7|year=1989|publisher=SUNY Press|author=al-Tabari (d. 923)|editor1=Franz Rosenthal|editor2=W. Montgomery Watt|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryAlTabari40Vol/History_Al-Tabari_10_Vol/page/n1/mode/2up|page=306}}<br>{{citation|title=تاريخ الرسل والملوك|author=أبو جعفر الطبري|url=https://app.turath.io/book/9783|publisher=al-Maktabah al-Shamilah|volume=vol.1 |page=135}}|Then He said: I have created these for Paradise, and they will act as the inhabitants of Paradise. Then He rubbed his back with His left hand and said: I have created those for the Fire, and they will | |||
act as the inhabitants of the Fire. A man asked: O Messenger of God, how is that? Muhammad replied: When God creates a human being for Paradise, He employs him to act as the inhabitants of Paradise, and he will enter Paradise. And when God creates a | |||
human being for the Fire, He will employ him to act as the inhabitants of the Fire, and will thus make him enter the Fire.}} | |||
==Scholars== | ==Scholars== | ||