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Female Genital Mutilation in Islam: Difference between revisions
Female Genital Mutilation in Islam (view source)
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However, as the section [https://wikiislam.net/index.php?title=Female_Genital_Mutilation_in_Islam&stable=0#FGM_before_Islam FGM before Islam] demonstrates, FGM existed before Islam, and there is no evidence that pre-Islamic FGM was religiously-motivated. Thus FGM can not solely a religious practice - there must have been other reasons for its existence in pre-Islamic societies. | However, as the section [https://wikiislam.net/index.php?title=Female_Genital_Mutilation_in_Islam&stable=0#FGM_before_Islam FGM before Islam] demonstrates, FGM existed before Islam, and there is no evidence that pre-Islamic FGM was religiously-motivated. Thus FGM can not solely a religious practice - there must have been other reasons for its existence in pre-Islamic societies. | ||
It is all too natural to consider FGM as nothing more than an arbitrarily misogynistic practice. However, it is actually a solution to certain social problems - albeit problems that not all societies suffer from, and that no society ''need'' suffer from. The section [https://wikiislam.net/index.php?title=Female_Genital_Mutilation_in_Islam&stable=0#The_origins_of_FGM the origins of FGM] will consider what these 'problems' are, and why they arise in some societies. The next section ([ | It is all too natural to consider FGM as nothing more than an arbitrarily misogynistic practice. However, it is actually a solution to certain social problems - albeit problems that not all societies suffer from, and that no society ''need'' suffer from. The section [https://wikiislam.net/index.php?title=Female_Genital_Mutilation_in_Islam&stable=0#The_origins_of_FGM the origins of FGM] will consider what these 'problems' are, and why they arise in some societies. The next section ([https://wikiislam.net/index.php?title=Female_Genital_Mutilation_in_Islam&stable=0#Islamic_Doctrine_Creating_Social_Conditions_Favourable_to_FGM Islamic Doctrine Creating Social Conditions Favourable to FGM]) shows how Islamic doctrine reproduces the very factors that ''made'' FGM useful or necessary in some pre-Islamic societies. A final section ([https://wikiislam.net/index.php?title=Female_Genital_Mutilation_in_Islam&stable=0#FGM_and_the_Uses_of_Trauma FGM and the Uses of Trauma]) considers how the social purposes of FGM is realised through the experience of the individual child undergoing FGM. | ||
==FGM in the Qur'an and Hadith== | ==FGM in the Qur'an and Hadith== | ||
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The remaining hadith includes an exchange of insults between Meccan warriors and Muhammad's companions prior to the [[Battle of Uhud|battle of Uhud]]. It has little import doctrinally, but is of linguistic, historical and sociological interest because it appears to indicate that Muhammad's native tribe, the Banu Qaraysh, traditionally practiced FGM.{{Quote|1={{Bukhari|5|59|399}}|2=“[…] I went out with the people for the battle. When the army aligned for the fight, Siba’ came out and said, ‘Is there any (Muslim) to accept my challenge to a duel?’ Hamza bin `Abdul Muttalib came out and said, ‘O Siba’. O Ibn Um Anmar, '''the one who circumcises''' [أَنْمَارٍ مُقَطِّعَةِ الْبُظُورِ - muqaṭwiʿaẗi al-ْbuẓūri] other ladies! Do you challenge Allah and His Apostle?’ […]”}} | The remaining hadith includes an exchange of insults between Meccan warriors and Muhammad's companions prior to the [[Battle of Uhud|battle of Uhud]]. It has little import doctrinally, but is of linguistic, historical and sociological interest because it appears to indicate that Muhammad's native tribe, the Banu Qaraysh, traditionally practiced FGM.{{Quote|1={{Bukhari|5|59|399}}|2=“[…] I went out with the people for the battle. When the army aligned for the fight, Siba’ came out and said, ‘Is there any (Muslim) to accept my challenge to a duel?’ Hamza bin `Abdul Muttalib came out and said, ‘O Siba’. O Ibn Um Anmar, '''the one who circumcises''' [أَنْمَارٍ مُقَطِّعَةِ الْبُظُورِ - muqaṭwiʿaẗi al-ْbuẓūri] other ladies! Do you challenge Allah and His Apostle?’ […]”}} | ||
==FGM in Islamic Law== | ==FGM in Islamic Law== | ||
{{Main}} | {{Main|https://wikiislam.net/wiki/Female_Genital_Mutilation_in_Islamic_Law}} | ||
[[File:Madhhabplusfgm.jpeg|thumb|Maps showing distribution of madhabs and prevalence of FGM]] | [[File:Madhhabplusfgm.jpeg|thumb|Maps showing distribution of madhabs and prevalence of FGM]] | ||
Only one school of Islam - the Shafi'i - makes FGM universally obligatory. The other schools of Islam recommend it with differing levels of obligation. No school of Islam forbids FGM since nothing that Muhammad allowed can be prohibited. | Only one school of Islam - the Shafi'i - makes FGM universally obligatory. The other schools of Islam recommend it with differing levels of obligation. No school of Islam forbids FGM since nothing that Muhammad allowed can be prohibited. | ||