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Rashad Khalifa: Difference between revisions
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Khalifa worked as a science adviser for the Libyan government for about a year. After this, he worked as a chemist for the United Nations Industrial Development Organization. Next, in 1980, he worked as a senior chemist for the Arizona State Office of Chemistry. | Khalifa worked as a science adviser for the Libyan government for about a year. After this, he worked as a chemist for the United Nations Industrial Development Organization. Next, in 1980, he worked as a senior chemist for the Arizona State Office of Chemistry. | ||
== Religious activism == | ==Religious activism== | ||
As a Quranist, Khalifa promoted the doctrine that the Quran was sufficient for understanding Islam and that the hadith, which he considered later inauthentic additions to Islam, were a corrupting influence which had to be purged for the rejuvenation of the religion. | As a Quranist, Khalifa promoted the doctrine that the Quran was sufficient for understanding Islam and that the hadith, which he considered later inauthentic additions to Islam, were a corrupting influence which had to be purged for the rejuvenation of the religion. | ||
Khalifa coupled his belief in the sole-usefulness of the Quran with his doctrine of the Quran's miraculous mathematical / numerological relationship with the number 19. He maintained that the integration of the number 19 into the entirety of the text and structure of the Quran made it impervious to alteration and unassailably divine in origin, unlike the hadiths, which were irreversibly corrupted. Using his numerology, Khalifa determined that all of the Quran was perfect save two verses which, not fitting his numerological model, must have been inauthentic additions to the Quran and thus had to be removed. | |||
To promote his religious sect, Khalifa founded the United Submitters International (USI) and opened a Mosque in Tucson, Arizona (ICS Masjid Tucson).<ref>{{Citation|url=https://www.masjidtucson.org/|title=ICS / Masjid Tucson Website|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523163436/https://www.masjidtucson.org/}}</ref> | |||
=== Publications === | |||
Khalifa authored several books promoting his views during his lifetime, including | |||
* ''Miracle of the Quran: Significance of the Mysterious Alphabets'', Islamic Productions, St. Louis, Missouri, 1973. | |||
* ''The Computer Speaks: God's Message to the World'', Renaissance Productions, Tucson, Arizona, 1981. | |||
* ''Qur'an: The Final Scripture'', Islamic Productions, Tucson, Arizona, 1981. | |||
* ''Qur'an: Visual Presentation of the Miracle'', Islamic Productions, Tucson, Arizona, 1982. | |||
* ''Qur'an, Hadith and Islam'', Islamic Productions, Tucson, Arizona, 1982. | |||
* ''Qur'an: The Final Testament'', Islamic Productions, Tucson, Arizona, 1989. | |||
==The Rashad Khalifa verses== | ==The Rashad Khalifa verses== | ||
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==Criticism of Rashad Khalifa== | ==Criticism of Rashad Khalifa== | ||
=== Pseudoscience === | ===Pseudoscience=== | ||
In 1997, Martin Gardner, an American mathematics and science writer, published an article in the ''Skeptical Inquirer'' which extensively reviewed and debunked Khalifa's mathematical pretenses about the Quran.<ref>{{Citation|url=https://skepticalinquirer.org/1997/09/the-numerology-of-dr-rashad-khalifa/|title=Notes of a Fringe Watcher: The Numerology of Dr. Rashad Khalifa|author=Martin Gardner|publisher=Skeptical Inquirer|volume=21 (5)|number=5|publication-date=September/October 1997}}</ref> | In 1997, Martin Gardner, an American mathematics and science writer, published an article in the ''Skeptical Inquirer'' which extensively reviewed and debunked Khalifa's mathematical pretenses about the Quran.<ref>{{Citation|url=https://skepticalinquirer.org/1997/09/the-numerology-of-dr-rashad-khalifa/|title=Notes of a Fringe Watcher: The Numerology of Dr. Rashad Khalifa|author=Martin Gardner|publisher=Skeptical Inquirer|volume=21 (5)|number=5|publication-date=September/October 1997}}</ref> | ||
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[[Category:Qur'an]] | [[Category:Qur'an]] | ||
<references /> | |||