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Child Marriage in the Qur'an: Difference between revisions
→Analysis of Verse in Arabic
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The imperfective aspect, by itself lacks any tense feature. <ref name="EB" /> The tensed negatives like ''lam'' ( <font size="3">لَمْ </font> ) (negation in past tense), ''lan'' ( <font size="3">لن</font> ) (negation in future tense), ''laa'' ( <font size="3">لَ</font> ) (negation in present tense) combined with imperfectives decide the tense in this case. | The imperfective aspect, by itself lacks any tense feature. <ref name="EB" /> The tensed negatives like ''lam'' ( <font size="3">لَمْ </font> ) (negation in past tense), ''lan'' ( <font size="3">لن</font> ) (negation in future tense), ''laa'' ( <font size="3">لَ</font> ) (negation in present tense) combined with imperfectives decide the tense in this case. | ||
Thus ''lam Yadrus'' = He did not study. | Thus ''lam Yadrus لم يدرس'' = He did not study. | ||
In the verse 65:4, '''''Lam Yaĥiđna'' = 'those who did not menstruate'.''' | In the verse 65:4, '''''Lam Yaĥiđna'' = 'those who did not menstruate'.''' | ||
Further the imperfective verb in the context of ''lam'' ( <font size="3">لَمْ </font> ) (past tensed negatives) is in the [[w:Grammatical mood#Jussive|Jussive]] mood. <ref name="EB" /> | Further the imperfective verb in the context of ''lam'' ( <font size="3">لَمْ </font> ) (past tensed negatives) is in the [[w:Grammatical mood#Jussive|Jussive]] mood(يعني المضارع المجزوم). <ref name="EB" /> | ||
{{Quote||'''The mood is similar to the cohortative mood, in that it expresses plea, insistence, imploring, self-encouragement, wish, desire, intent, command, purpose or consequence.''' In some languages, the two are distinguished in that cohortative occurs in the first person and the jussive in the second or third. It is found in Arabic, where it is called the مجزوم, majzum. The rules governing the jussive in Arabic are somewhat complex. <ref>[[w:Grammatical mood#Jussive|Jussive]] - Wikipedia</ref>|}} | {{Quote||'''The mood is similar to the cohortative mood, in that it expresses plea, insistence, imploring, self-encouragement, wish, desire, intent, command, purpose or consequence.''' In some languages, the two are distinguished in that cohortative occurs in the first person and the jussive in the second or third. It is found in Arabic, where it is called the مجزوم, majzum. The rules governing the jussive in Arabic are somewhat complex. <ref>[[w:Grammatical mood#Jussive|Jussive]] - Wikipedia</ref>|}} | ||
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<br />lam = Negative particle giving to the present the sense of the perfect; not.<ref>[http://www.studyquran.co.uk/13_LAM.htm Lam = ل] - StudyQuran</ref>}} | <br />lam = Negative particle giving to the present the sense of the perfect; not.<ref>[http://www.studyquran.co.uk/13_LAM.htm Lam = ل] - StudyQuran</ref>}} | ||
From the Lexicon, Arabic word for Menstruate is ' | From the Lexicon, Arabic word for Menstruate is 'Haid' ({{arabic|حيض}}): | ||
{{Quote|1= Lane's Lexicon for ''Haa''|2=Ha-Ya-Dad (Ha-Alif-Dad) = To have her courses, menstruate; Her blood flowed from her womb, to attain the age of menstruation, to make a thing flow. | {{Quote|1= Lane's Lexicon for ''Haa''|2=Ha-Ya-Dad (Ha-Alif-Dad) = To have her courses, menstruate; Her blood flowed from her womb, to attain the age of menstruation, to make a thing flow. | ||
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*The verse itself refers to those women who did not menstruate(in all of past time until the present time), which can include children or girls before puberty or attainment of [[w:menarche|menarche]] (first period). | *The verse itself refers to those women who did not menstruate(in all of past time until the present time), which can include children or girls before puberty or attainment of [[w:menarche|menarche]] (first period). | ||
Therefore, the exact translation of this portion of {{Quran|65|4}} is ''"Not menstruated yet"'' ( <font size="4">لَمْ يَحِضْنَ</font> ). In Arabic, the menstruating process is called | Therefore, the exact translation of this portion of {{Quran|65|4}} is ''"Not menstruated yet"'' ( <font size="4">لَمْ يَحِضْنَ</font> ). In Arabic, the menstruating process is called HaiD( <font size="4">حيض</font> ). It is possible to turn this noun into its verb form. Like we do it with menstruation, "menstruate" is yaHiD( <font size="4">يَحِض</font> ). But it is LAM ( <font size="4">لَمْ </font> ) that appears before yaHiD and the NA ( <font size="4">نَ</font> ) associated with yaHiD and this puts Islamic apologists in a quandary because it cannot have any other meaning than ''“Not menstruated yet”''. This is the appropriate English translation. | ||
This verse 65:4 should be read as a continuation of Qur'an 33:49. If a woman who has not been used for sex should not have to observe any Iddah at all, as mentioned in 33:49, what is the reason for the prescribed Iddah for those women who have not yet menstruated? This is a clear indication marrying pre-pubescent girls and having sex with them is sanctioned by the Qur'an. | This verse 65:4 should be read as a continuation of Qur'an 33:49. If a woman who has not been used for sex should not have to observe any Iddah at all, as mentioned in 33:49, what is the reason for the prescribed 'Iddah for those women who have not yet menstruated? This is a clear indication marrying pre-pubescent girls and having sex with them is sanctioned by the Qur'an. | ||
The phrase found in Qur'an 65:4 as " | The phrase found in Qur'an 65:4 as "wallaee lam yaHiDhna" واللائي لم يحضن is sometimes mistranslated by [[apologists]]. The exact meaning of the phrase is available in [[Tafsir]]<nowiki/>s. | ||
==Tafsirs of the Verse== | ==Tafsirs of the Verse== | ||