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Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Hijab: Difference between revisions
Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Hijab (view source)
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The word hijaab is generally used to refer to the head covering worn by Muslim women. In [[Islamic law]], however, it is a much more wide-ranging concept, encompassing an entire dress code for both genders. In orthodox Sunni and Shi'a [[fiqh]] the wearing by women of a head covering which totally conceals the hair is considered mandatory to be in compliance with hijab. This injunction comes from both the example of the wives of the prophet as well as verses in the Qur'an commanding women | The word hijaab is generally used to refer to the head covering worn by Muslim women. In [[Islamic law]], however, it is a much more wide-ranging concept, encompassing an entire dress code for both genders. In orthodox Sunni and Shi'a [[fiqh]] the wearing by women of a head covering which totally conceals the hair is considered mandatory to be in compliance with hijab. This injunction comes from both the example of the wives of the prophet as well as verses in the Qur'an commanding how women should dress around people who are not their husband or family. While the requirements in [[Shari'ah (Islamic Law)]] for men are more or less similar to those generally required of men in polite society in the modern west, those for women require the complete covering of the body. The Sunni Islamic schools of [[Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence)]] differ on the requirements for women to cover their feet, face and wrists. | ||
It exists in numerous variants in different cultures, with many different degrees of coverage, notably the famous burqa, niqab, and dupatta. In a general in orthodox Sunni and Shi'ite fiqh, the wearing of a head cover which totaly masks the woman's hair is considered as a obligation to be in compliance with the idea of "hijab." This injunction is claimed to come from the Sunnah and from some verses in the Qur'an, which order women to | It exists in numerous variants in different cultures, with many different degrees of coverage, notably the famous burqa, niqab, and dupatta. In a general in orthodox Sunni and Shi'ite fiqh, the wearing of a head cover which totaly masks the woman's hair is considered as a obligation to be in compliance with the idea of "hijab." This injunction is claimed to come from the Sunnah and from some verses in the Qur'an, which order believing women to draw over themselves a jilbab (outer garment), and a khimar (head cloth) over their bosoms, and command that Muhammad's wives be concealed behind a screen or curtain (hijab) in the presence of men who are not part of the family. Some modern scholars disagree with the traditional interpretations of these verses and many Muslim women today do not cover their hair. | ||
The context of the revelation of | The context of the revelation of these verses was an epoch when, during the life of the prophet, Madina was teeming with aggressive sexual harassers who harrassed women when they left their homes. Faced with this situation, rather than rebuke the comportment of these man, "Allah" in the form of Muhammad ordered (free) Muslim women to wear an outer garment (jilbab) to be easly distinguised from female (sex) slaves who continued to be harassed and aggressed upon by men, and for modesty purposes commanded them to cover their bosoms and hide their adorment. | ||
The principal role in | The principal role in the revelation of the verse of hijab for Muhammad's wives belongs to 'Umar ibn Al-Khattab, a campanion and father-in-law to the prophet, as well as a future caliph of the Islamic empire. 'Umar took this role by forcing his view on Muhammad, whereupon erses in the Qur'an were conveniently revealed about a hijab (screen or curtain). According to some narrations, Umar insisted at the same time on condeming the wearing of modest dress by female (sex) slaves, going so far as to beat with his own hand his own slaves who did so. | ||
{{Main|Hijab}} | |||
==Qur'an== | ==Qur'an== | ||
===Surah | ===Surah 33:53=== | ||
{{Quote|{{Quran|33|53}}|O you who have believed, do not enter the houses of the Prophet except when you are permitted for a meal, without awaiting its readiness. But when you are invited, then enter; and when you have eaten, disperse without seeking to remain for conversation. Indeed, that [behavior] was troubling the Prophet, and he is shy of [dismissing] you. But Allah is not shy of the truth. And when you ask [his wives] for something, ask them from behind a partition [ḥijābin حِجَابٍ]. That is purer for your hearts and their hearts. And it is not [conceivable or lawful] for you to harm the Messenger of Allah or to marry his wives after him, ever. Indeed, that would be in the sight of Allah an enormity.}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran| | |||
===Surah 24:31=== | ===Surah 24:31=== | ||
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{{quote |{{Quran|33|59}}|O Prophet! Tell thy wives and daughters, and the believing women, that they should cast their outer garments over their persons (when abroad): that is most convenient, that they should be known (as such) and not molested. And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. }} | {{quote |{{Quran|33|59}}|O Prophet! Tell thy wives and daughters, and the believing women, that they should cast their outer garments over their persons (when abroad): that is most convenient, that they should be known (as such) and not molested. And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. }} | ||
===Surah 7:26=== | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|7|26}}|O ye Children of Adam! We have bestowed raiment upon you to cover your shame, as well as to be an adornment to you. But the raiment of righteousness,- that is the best. Such are among the Signs of Allah, that they may receive admonition!}} | |||
==Hadith== | ==Hadith== | ||
Note that some of these translations are inaccurate and include interpretations of the translators (see the article [[Hijab]] for details). | |||
===Sahih Bukhari=== | ===Sahih Bukhari=== | ||
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{{Quote||Ibn Hamid a dit que sa 'awrah est la même que la 'awrah de l'homme, à cause de ce qui est rapporté par 'Amr ibn Shu'ayb, de son père, de son grand-père, que le Prophète, sallallahu 'alayhi wa-sallam, a dit: '''"Lorsque l'un de vous marie sa femme esclave à son esclave ou mercenaire, qu'il ne regarde rien de sa 'awrah, car tout ce qui est en dessous du nombril jusqu'aux genoux est 'awrah." Il voulait dire la 'awrah de la femme esclave. '''Rapporté par ad-Daraqutni. '''La tête n'est pas incluse dans la 'awrah d'une femme esclave ainsi que leurs seins…'''}} | {{Quote||Ibn Hamid a dit que sa 'awrah est la même que la 'awrah de l'homme, à cause de ce qui est rapporté par 'Amr ibn Shu'ayb, de son père, de son grand-père, que le Prophète, sallallahu 'alayhi wa-sallam, a dit: '''"Lorsque l'un de vous marie sa femme esclave à son esclave ou mercenaire, qu'il ne regarde rien de sa 'awrah, car tout ce qui est en dessous du nombril jusqu'aux genoux est 'awrah." Il voulait dire la 'awrah de la femme esclave. '''Rapporté par ad-Daraqutni. '''La tête n'est pas incluse dans la 'awrah d'une femme esclave ainsi que leurs seins…'''}} | ||
===The 2nd Caliph 'Umar Ibn Khattab had the habit of beating his female slaves if they ever wore the | ===The 2nd Caliph 'Umar Ibn Khattab had the habit of beating his female slaves if they ever wore the jilbab=== | ||
'''Sahih de Cheikh Albani [http://web.archive.org/web/20210329003506/http://islamport.com/w/alb/Web/1202/2092.htm]:''' | '''Sahih de Cheikh Albani [http://web.archive.org/web/20210329003506/http://islamport.com/w/alb/Web/1202/2092.htm]:''' | ||