Forced Marriage: Difference between revisions

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-'''Forced marriage''' is the compelled marriage of an individual (usually female) against their will. The individual is usually forced by family members and in countries with primitive women's rights. In Islamic law, forcing a female who had reached the age of puberty into a marriage contract with someone against her explicit wishes was forbidden by the Hanafi and Hanbali schools of jurisprudence, though a father was pertitted to do so by the Maliki and Shafi'i schools if his daughter was still a virgin. They all agreed that virgin minors could be entered into marriage contracts by their fathers by compulsion, despite hadith evidence requiring a female virgin's consent (or at least a lack of protest). Reports of Muhammad's marriage to Aisha and of his companions marrying off their minor daughters played a role in some jurist opinions. Jurists also agreed that [[Slavery in Islamic Law#In_Islamic_law|female slaves]] could be married off to someone by their owners without their consent.
+'''Forced marriage''' is the compelled marriage of an individual (usually female) against their will. The individual is usually forced by family members and in countries with primitive women's rights. In Islamic law, forcing a female who had reached the age of puberty into a marriage contract with someone against her explicit wishes was forbidden by the Hanafi and Hanbali schools of jurisprudence, though a father was permitted to do so by the Maliki and Shafi'i schools if his daughter was still a virgin. They all agreed that virgin minors could be entered into marriage contracts by their fathers by compulsion, despite hadith evidence requiring a female virgin's consent (or at least a lack of protest). Reports of Muhammad's marriage to Aisha and of his companions marrying off their minor daughters played a role in some jurist opinions. Jurists also agreed that [[Slavery in Islamic Law#In_Islamic_law|female slaves]] could be married off to someone by their owners without their consent.
 Most (but not all) modern Muslim majority countries have made [[Child Marriage in Islamic Law|child marriage]] and forced marriage illegal. Nevertheless, such marriages still occur to a significant extent despite legal protections (and also occur in some non-Muslim communities). Many Muslim charities and campaign groups are working to prevent contemporary cases of forced marriage and to help those who seek their help.<ref>For example [https://www.mwnuk.co.uk/Forced_Marriage_7_factsheets.php Muslim Women's Network UK] and [https://preventforcedmarriage.org/forced-marriage-overseas-pakistan/ Tahirih Justice Center Forced Marriage Initiative]</ref> There are also government agencies who can and should be contacted when someone is at risk of forced marriage. Some charities advise those who realise too late that they are being taken overseas for a forced marriage to hide a spoon underneath their clothing so that when passing through the airport metal detector there will be an opportunity to explain the situation privately to the security team. Contacting the relevant national embassy is usually advised if already abroad.