Islamic Views on the Shape of the Earth: Difference between revisions

→‎The spring where the sun sets: Added another important early tafsir (the earliest) on this verse confirming the literal setting (rising and) place of the sun in a hot muddy spring, which is of course only possible on a flat Earth.
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m (→‎Flat Earth in the hadiths: Added in a link to the Science and the Seven Earths pages where relevant. And a small line highlighting (and linking to) the many verses Al-Jalalayn believed showed a clear flat earth - not only the one listed.)
(→‎The spring where the sun sets: Added another important early tafsir (the earliest) on this verse confirming the literal setting (rising and) place of the sun in a hot muddy spring, which is of course only possible on a flat Earth.)
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===The spring where the sun sets===
===The spring where the sun sets===
{{Main|Dhul-Qarnayn and the Sun Setting in a Muddy Spring - Part One}}
{{Main|Dhul-Qarnayn and the Sun Setting in a Muddy Spring - Part One}}
Early Tafsirs (commentaries on the Quran from Muslim Scholars) had no issue stating that the Quran supports a flat Earth cosmology. In fact the earliest surviving authentically attributed tafsir, Tafsir Muqātil ibn Sulaymān (d. 767 CE), i.e. who lived closer to the time of Muhammad than any other scholar, says on verse 18:86 that this means the sun is setting in a muddy spring, which is only possible on a flat (and geocentric) Earth.
{{Quote|1=[https://www.altafsir.com/Tafasir.asp?tMadhNo=0&tTafsirNo=67&tSoraNo=18&tAyahNo=83&tDisplay=yes&UserProfile=0&LanguageId=1 Tafsir Muqātil ibn Sulaymān on Verses 18:83-86]|2={Until when he reached the setting of the sun, he found it setting in a spring of mud}, meaning hot and black. Ibn Abbas said: When the sun rises, it is hotter than when it sets.}}
In the tafsir of al-Tabari (b. 224 AH / 839 CE) for {{Quran|18|86}}, the following remarks are made about the nature of the spring into which the sun sets. For another, full English translation of the relevant page in al-Tabari's tafsir [https://theislamissue.wordpress.com/2022/03/23/tafsir-al-tabari-for-q1886/ see this article]. The similar sounding words hami'ah (muddy) and hamiyah (hot) seem to have become confused at some point in the transmission of the Qur'anic script:
In the tafsir of al-Tabari (b. 224 AH / 839 CE) for {{Quran|18|86}}, the following remarks are made about the nature of the spring into which the sun sets. For another, full English translation of the relevant page in al-Tabari's tafsir [https://theislamissue.wordpress.com/2022/03/23/tafsir-al-tabari-for-q1886/ see this article]. The similar sounding words hami'ah (muddy) and hamiyah (hot) seem to have become confused at some point in the transmission of the Qur'anic script:


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