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User:CPO675/Sandbox 1: Difference between revisions
→The Soul (nafs)
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=== The Soul (nafs) === | === The Soul (nafs) === | ||
Similar to other religions a vague concept of the soul causing life appears in the Qur'an, in a context that matches the 7th century environment; '''unlike the personality that make us unique''' '''primarily coming from the brain'''<ref>Valk SL, Hoffstaedter F, Camilleri JA, Kochunov P, Yeo BTT, Eickhoff SB. Personality and local brain structure: Their shared genetic basis and reproducibility. Neuroimage. 2020 Oct 15;220:117067. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117067. Epub 2020 Jun 20. PMID: 32574809; PMCID: PMC10251206.</ref> <s>as well as our environment,</s><ref>[https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/the-superhuman-mind/202008/where-does-our-personality-come Where Does Our Personality Come From?] Berit Brogaard D.M.Sci., Ph.D. 2020. Psychology Today.</ref> Alongside the outdated idea of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiocentric_hypothesis cardiocentrism] ''(see: [[Scientific Errors in the Quran#Functions of the heart (cardiocentrism)|Scientific Errors in the Quran - Functions of the heart (cardiocentism)]])'', where the heart was believed to be responsible for thought rather the brain, we see this imagery furthered as the heart being the literal seat of the mythical soul in the body, that rises to the throat at death. This was another common belief in antiquity,<ref>Santoro G, Wood MD, Merlo L, Anastasi GP, Tomasello F, Germanò A. ''[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/38015619_The_Anatomic_Location_of_the_Soul_From_the_Heart_Through_the_Brain_To_the_Whole_Body_and_Beyond_A_Journey_Through_Western_History_Science_and_Philosophy The anatomic location of the soul from the heart, through the brain, to the whole body, and beyond: a journey through Western history, science, and philosophy.]'' Neurosurgery. 2009 Oct;65(4):633-43; discussion 643. doi: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19834368/ 10.1227/01.NEU.0000349750.22332.6A.] PMID: 19834368.</ref> for example for many ancient Egyptians<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2013/dec/05/books-advent-calendar-5-soul-ancient-egypt 5: Components of the soul in ancient Egypt.] The Guardian. Barnaby Rogerson. 2013</ref> and Greeks;<ref>[https://www.thecollector.com/ancient-greek-theories-of-the-human-soul/ Ancient Greek Theories Of The Human Soul.] The Collector. Danielle Mackay</ref> including Aristotle.<ref>Santoro G, Wood MD, Merlo L, Anastasi GP, Tomasello F, Germanò A. ''Ibid pp. 636-637'' | Similar to other religions a vague concept of the soul causing life appears in the Qur'an, in a context that matches the 7th century environment; ''A thing that stays in your heart and leaves the body via the throat when you die'' '''unlike the personality that make us unique''' '''primarily coming from the brain'''<ref>Valk SL, Hoffstaedter F, Camilleri JA, Kochunov P, Yeo BTT, Eickhoff SB. Personality and local brain structure: Their shared genetic basis and reproducibility. Neuroimage. 2020 Oct 15;220:117067. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117067. Epub 2020 Jun 20. PMID: 32574809; PMCID: PMC10251206.</ref> <s>as well as our environment,</s><ref>[https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/the-superhuman-mind/202008/where-does-our-personality-come Where Does Our Personality Come From?] Berit Brogaard D.M.Sci., Ph.D. 2020. Psychology Today.</ref> Alongside the outdated idea of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiocentric_hypothesis cardiocentrism] ''(see: [[Scientific Errors in the Quran#Functions of the heart (cardiocentrism)|Scientific Errors in the Quran - Functions of the heart (cardiocentism)]])'', where the heart was believed to be responsible for thought rather the brain, we see this imagery furthered as the heart being the literal seat of the mythical soul in the body, that rises to the throat at death. This was another common belief in antiquity,<ref>Santoro G, Wood MD, Merlo L, Anastasi GP, Tomasello F, Germanò A. ''[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/38015619_The_Anatomic_Location_of_the_Soul_From_the_Heart_Through_the_Brain_To_the_Whole_Body_and_Beyond_A_Journey_Through_Western_History_Science_and_Philosophy The anatomic location of the soul from the heart, through the brain, to the whole body, and beyond: a journey through Western history, science, and philosophy.]'' Neurosurgery. 2009 Oct;65(4):633-43; discussion 643. doi: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19834368/ 10.1227/01.NEU.0000349750.22332.6A.] PMID: 19834368.</ref> for example for many ancient Egyptians<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2013/dec/05/books-advent-calendar-5-soul-ancient-egypt 5: Components of the soul in ancient Egypt.] The Guardian. Barnaby Rogerson. 2013</ref> and Greeks;<ref>[https://www.thecollector.com/ancient-greek-theories-of-the-human-soul/ Ancient Greek Theories Of The Human Soul.] The Collector. Danielle Mackay</ref> including Aristotle.<ref>Santoro G, Wood MD, Merlo L, Anastasi GP, Tomasello F, Germanò A. ''Ibid pp. 636-637'' | ||
Santoro G, Wood MD, Merlo L, Anastasi GP, Tomasello F, Germanò A. ''[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/38015619_The_Anatomic_Location_of_the_Soul_From_the_Heart_Through_the_Brain_To_the_Whole_Body_and_Beyond_A_Journey_Through_Western_History_Science_and_Philosophy The anatomic location of the soul from the heart, through the brain, to the whole body, and beyond: a journey through Western history, science, and philosophy.]'' Neurosurgery. 2009 Oct;65(4):633-43; discussion 643. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19834368/ doi: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000349750.22332.6A.] PMID: 19834368.</ref> | Santoro G, Wood MD, Merlo L, Anastasi GP, Tomasello F, Germanò A. ''[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/38015619_The_Anatomic_Location_of_the_Soul_From_the_Heart_Through_the_Brain_To_the_Whole_Body_and_Beyond_A_Journey_Through_Western_History_Science_and_Philosophy The anatomic location of the soul from the heart, through the brain, to the whole body, and beyond: a journey through Western history, science, and philosophy.]'' Neurosurgery. 2009 Oct;65(4):633-43; discussion 643. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19834368/ doi: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000349750.22332.6A.] PMID: 19834368.</ref> | ||
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(before 75:26 talking about judgement day) | (before 75:26 talking about judgement day) | ||
Literally talking about the soul leaving the body via the throat at death; a belief shared by practically all classical Islamic/Muslim commentators on these verses (Cite, e.g. https://quranx.com/tafsirs/56.83) (https://quranx.com/Tafsirs/75.26) (https://quranx.com/Tafsirs/40.18) | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|75|26}}|Yes, when the soul reaches to the clavicles}}{{Quote|{{Quran|56|83}}|Then why not when it reaches the throat,}} | {{Quote|{{Quran|75|26}}|Yes, when the soul reaches to the clavicles}}{{Quote|{{Quran|56|83}}|Then why not when it reaches the throat,}} | ||
'''Ignore Neuwirth?''' | |||
As Neuwirth (2023) notes: | As Neuwirth (2023) notes: | ||
{{Quote|Neuwirth, Angelika. <i>The Qur'an: Text and Commentary, Volume 1: Early Meccan Suras: Poetic Prophecy (p. 257).</i> Yale University Press.|The conception that the soul rises up to the clavicle bone—see the related image in the somewhat later sura 56:83: idhā balaghati l-ḥulqūm (“when it reaches up to the throat”)—presupposes an analogy between soul (nafs) and heart (qalb). In Q 33:10 there is mention of the rising up of the heart into the throat in a situation of fear (see also Q 40:18, cf. on this Seidensticker 1992: 41).}}{{Quote|{{Quran|40|18}}|Warn them of the Approaching Day, when the hearts will be at the throats, choking with suppressed agony, [and] the wrongdoers will have no sympathizer, nor any intercessor who might be heard.}}{{Quote|{{Quran|33|10}}|[Remember] when they came at you from above you and from below you, and when eyes shifted [in fear], and hearts reached the throats and you assumed about Allah [various] assumptions.}} | {{Quote|Neuwirth, Angelika. <i>The Qur'an: Text and Commentary, Volume 1: Early Meccan Suras: Poetic Prophecy (p. 257).</i> Yale University Press.|The conception that the soul rises up to the clavicle bone—see the related image in the somewhat later sura 56:83: idhā balaghati l-ḥulqūm (“when it reaches up to the throat”)—presupposes an analogy between soul (nafs) and heart (qalb). In Q 33:10 there is mention of the rising up of the heart into the throat in a situation of fear (see also Q 40:18, cf. on this Seidensticker 1992: 41).}}{{Quote|{{Quran|40|18}}|Warn them of the Approaching Day, when the hearts will be at the throats, choking with suppressed agony, [and] the wrongdoers will have no sympathizer, nor any intercessor who might be heard.}}{{Quote|{{Quran|33|10}}|[Remember] when they came at you from above you and from below you, and when eyes shifted [in fear], and hearts reached the throats and you assumed about Allah [various] assumptions.}} | ||