Nikah (Sexual Consummation of Marriage): Difference between revisions

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 El Alami, Dawoud. Marriage Contract in Islamic Law. London: Graham & Trotman, 1992.
 Maghniyyah, Muhammad Jawad. Marriage According to Five Schools of Islamic Law. Tehran: Department of Transliteration and Publication, Islamic Culture and Relations Organization, 1997.}}
-===Voices of Islam: Voices of life: family, home, and society===
-{{Quote|Vincent J. Cornell, Voices of Islam: Voices of life: family, home, and society. Ch. 3, Marriage in Islam (by Nargis Virani), p. 59|Allowable sexual relations in the Qur’an are designated by the term '''nikah, which connotes both marriage and intercourse''' (Qur’an 2:221, 230, 232, 235, 237; 4:3, 6, 22, 25, 127; 24:3, 23, 33, 60; 28:27; 33:49, 50, 53). Marriage prevents sexual frustration and the temptation to sin (Qur’an 24:32).}}
-{{Quote|Vincent J. Cornell, Voices of Islam: Voices of life: family, home, and society. Ch. 3, Marriage in Islam (by Nargis Virani), p. 59|TERMS FOR MARRIAGE IN ISLAM
-Among Muslims, the most commonly used term for marriage is '''nikah, which literally means “sexual intercourse.”''' As a legal term, nikah denotes the situation resulting from a contract entered into by a Muslim man and a Muslim woman, which legitimizes cohabitation and sexual intercourse between the signers of the contract in the eyes of God and their co-religionists.}}
-{{Quote|Vincent J. Cornell, Voices of Islam: Voices of life: family, home, and society. Ch. 3, Marriage in Islam (by Nargis Virani), p. 60|In Muslim countries where Arabic language and culture predominate, '''marriage is referred to as zawaj, literally, “pairing.”'''}}
 ===J S Schacht===
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 {{Quote|Tove Stang Dahl, The Muslim family: a study of women's rights in Islam, Scandinavian University Press, 1997, p. 52|The legitimate form of sexuality is therefore an outcome of marriage - nikah ('''the concept nikah means both marriage and sexual intercourse''').}}
+===Voices of Islam===
+====Nargis Virani: Voices of life: family, home, and society====
+{{Quote|Vincent J. Cornell (2007), Voices of life: family, home, and society, p. 59 (Marriage in Islam by Nargis Virani).|Allowable sexual relations in the Qur’an are designated by the term '''nikah, which connotes both marriage and intercourse''' (Qur’an 2:221, 230, 232, 235, 237; 4:3, 6, 22, 25, 127; 24:3, 23, 33, 60; 28:27; 33:49, 50, 53). Marriage prevents sexual frustration and the temptation to sin (Qur’an 24:32).}}
+{{Quote|Vincent J. Cornell (2007), Voices of life: family, home, and society, p. 59 (Marriage in Islam by Nargis Virani).|TERMS FOR MARRIAGE IN ISLAM
+Among Muslims, the most commonly used term for marriage is '''nikah, which literally means “sexual intercourse.”''' As a legal term, nikah denotes the situation resulting from a contract entered into by a Muslim man and a Muslim woman, which legitimizes cohabitation and sexual intercourse between the signers of the contract in the eyes of God and their co-religionists.}}
+{{Quote|Vincent J. Cornell (2007), Voices of life: family, home, and society, p. 60 (Marriage in Islam by Nargis Virani).|In Muslim countries where Arabic language and culture predominate, '''marriage is referred to as zawaj, literally, “pairing.”'''}}
+====Ziba Mir-Hosseini: Voices of Change====
+{{Quote|Vincent J. Cornell (2007), Vol. 5, Voices of Change, pp. 85-113 (Islam and Gender Justice, by Ziba Mir-Hosseini).|Marriage, as defined by classical jurists, is '''a contract of exchange whose prime purpose is to render sexual relations between a man and a woman licit'''. Patterned after the contract of sale, which served as a model for most contracts in Islamic jurisprudence, it has three essential elements: the offer (ijab) by the woman or her guardian (wali), the acceptance (qabul) by the man, and the payment of dower (mahr), a sum of money or any valuable that the husband pays or undertakes to pay to the bride before or after consummation.<BR><BR>The marriage contract is called '''‘aqd al-nikah (literally ‘contract of coitus’)'''. In discussing its legal structure and effects, classical jurists often used the analogy of '''the contract of sale''' and alluded to parallels between the status of wives and female slaves, to whose sexual services husbands/owners were entitled, and who were deprived of freedom of movement.}}
 ===Sexuality in Islam===
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 {{Quote|Harald Motzki, Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾan: Vol 3, Brill, 2003, p. 276|Aims of marriage
 (1) In the Qurʾān, marriage is, first of all, the favored institution for legitimate sexual intercourse between a man and woman...}}
-===Voices of Islam, Vol. 5, Voices of Change===
-{{Quote|Vincent J. Cornell (2007), Voices of Islam, Vol. 5, Voices of Change, pp. 85-113 (Islam and Gender Justice, by Ziba Mir-Hosseini).|Marriage, as defined by classical jurists, is '''a contract of exchange whose prime purpose is to render sexual relations between a man and a woman licit'''. Patterned after the contract of sale, which served as a model for most contracts in Islamic jurisprudence, it has three essential elements: the offer (ijab) by the woman or her guardian (wali), the acceptance (qabul) by the man, and the payment of dower (mahr), a sum of money or any valuable that the husband pays or undertakes to pay to the bride before or after consummation.<BR><BR>The marriage contract is called '''‘aqd al-nikah (literally ‘contract of coitus’)'''. In discussing its legal structure and effects, classical jurists often used the analogy of '''the contract of sale''' and alluded to parallels between the status of wives and female slaves, to whose sexual services husbands/owners were entitled, and who were deprived of freedom of movement.}}
 ==See Also==