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Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Women: Difference between revisions
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{{QuranHadithScholarsIndex}} | {{QuranHadithScholarsIndex}} | ||
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==Characteristics of Women== | ==Characteristics of Women== | ||
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{{Quote|Ishaq:584|"Tell the men with you who have wives: never trust a woman."}} | {{Quote|Ishaq:584|"Tell the men with you who have wives: never trust a woman."}} | ||
==The Value of Women== | |||
===Equality of Women=== | |||
====Women are Inferior to Men==== | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|4|34}}|Men have authority over women because '''God has made the one superior to the other''', and because they spend their wealth to maintain them. Good women are obedient. They guard their unseen parts because God has guarded them. As for those whom you fear disobedience, admonish them and send them to beds apart and beat them. Then if they obey you, take no further action against them. Surely God is most high.}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|2|228}}| | |||
Women who are divorced shall wait, keeping themselves apart, three (monthly) courses. And it is not lawful for them that they should conceal that which Allah hath created in their wombs if they are believers in Allah and the Last Day. And their husbands would do better to take them back in that case if they desire a reconciliation. And they (women) have rights similar to those (of men) over them in kindness, and '''men are a degree above them'''. Allah is Mighty, Wise. }} | |||
====Women are Worth Half a Man==== | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|2|282}}|Call in two male witnesses from among you, but if two men cannot be found, then one man and two women whom you judge fit to act as witnesses.}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|4|11}}|“Allah directs you in regard of your Children’s (inheritance): to the male, a portion equal to that of two females…. These are settled portions ordained by Allah.}}a | |||
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|3|48|826}}|Narrated Abu Said Al-Khudri: The Prophet said, "Isn't the witness of a women equal to half that of a man?" The women said "yes". He said "This is because of the deficiency of the women's mind."}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Muslim|1|142}}|O womenfolk, you should ask for forgiveness for I saw you in bulk amongst the dwellers of Hell. A wise lady said: Why is it, Allah’s Apostle, that women comprise the bulk of the inhabitants of Hell? The Prophet observed: ‘You curse too much and are ungrateful to your spouses. You lack common sense, fail in religion and rob the wisdom of the wise.’ Upon this the woman remarked: What is wrong with our common sense? The Prophet replied, ‘Your lack of common sense can be determined from the fact that the evidence of '''two women is equal to one man'''. That is a proof.}} | |||
====Women Never will be Equal to the Man==== | |||
{{Quote||If a woman offered one of her breasts to be cooked and the other to be roasted, she still will fall short of fulfilling her obligations to her husband. And besides that if she disobeys her husband even for a twinkling of an eye, she would be thrown in the lowest part of Hell, except she repents and turns back.<ref>Tuffaha, Ahmad Zaky, Al-Mar'ah wal- Islam, Dar al-Kitab al-Lubnani, Beirut, first edition, 1985, p. 176. It is also quoted in Al-Musanaf by Abu Bakr Ahmad Ibn 'Abd Allah Ibn Mousa Al-Kanadi who lived 557H., vol. 1 part 2, p. 255. </ref>}} | |||
{{Quote||If blood, suppuration, and pus, were to pour from the husband's nose and the wife licked it with her tongue, she would still never be able to fulfil his rights over her.<ref>Suyuti, commenting on Q. 4:34</ref>}} | |||
====Men are Favoured==== | |||
{{Quote|Abu Bakr Ibn `Ali al-Jassas, Ahkam al-Qur'an (Cairo, 1347 A.H.), 3:471ff. al-Sabuni, 2:433.|Men are the ones that should be in charge of women because some have been favoured more than others.}} | |||
====Women were Equal Before Islam==== | |||
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|3|43|648}}|Vyprávěl'Abdullah bin 'Abbas: ...We, the people of Quraish, used to have authority over women, but when we came to live with the Ansar, we noticed that the Ansari women had the upper hand over their men, so our women started acquiring the habits of the Ansari women. Once I shouted at my wife and she paid me back in my coin and I disliked that she should answer me back....}} | |||
====Women Will Never Successfully Rule Nations==== | |||
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|9|88|219}}|Narrated Abu Bakra: During the battle of Al-Jamal, Allah benefited me with a Word (I heard from the Prophet). When the Prophet heard the news that the people of the Persia had made the daughter of Khosrau their Queen (ruler), he said, "Never will succeed such a nation as makes a woman their ruler."}} | |||
===="You Have Made Us (i.e. Women) Dogs."==== | |||
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|1|9|490}}|Narrated 'Aisha: The things which annul the prayers were mentioned before me. They said, "Prayer is annulled by a dog, a donkey and a woman (if they pass in front of the praying people)." '''I said, "You have made us (i.e. women) dogs.''' I saw the Prophet praying while I used to lie in my bed between him and the Qibla. Whenever I was in need of something, '''I would slip away. for I disliked to face him.'''"}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|1|9|493}}|Narrated 'Aisha: The things which annual prayer were mentioned before me (and those were): a dog, a donkey and a woman. I said, '''"You have compared us (women) to donkeys and dogs.''' By Allah! I saw the Prophet praying while I used to lie in (my) bed between him and the Qibla. Whenever I was in need of something, I disliked to sit and trouble the Prophet. So, I would slip away by the side of his feet."|See Also {{Bukhari|1|9|486}}, {{Muslim|4|1032}}, {{Muslim|4|1034}}, {{Muslim|4|1038}}, {{Muslim|4|1039}} 004:1039 adds "and the asses"}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Abu Dawud|2|704}}|Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: Ikrimah reported on the authority of Ibn Abbas, saying: I think the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) said: When one of you prays without a sutrah, a dog, an ass, a pig, a Jew, a Magian, and a woman cut off his prayer, but it will suffice if they pass in front of him at a distance of over a stone's throw.}} | |||
====Virgins are Preferred over Matrons==== | |||
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|7|62|17}}|Narrated Jabir bin 'Abdullah: When I got married, Allah's Apostle said to me, "What type of lady have you married?" I replied, "I have married a matron' He said, "Why, don't you have a liking for the virgins and for fondling them?" Jabir also said: Allah's Apostle said, "Why didn't you marry a young girl so that you might play with her and she with you?'}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Abu Dawud|41|5111}}|Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar: A woman was my wife and I loved her, but Umar hated her. He said to me: Divorce her, but I refused. Umar then went to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and mentioned that to him. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Divorce her.}} | |||
===Ownership of Women=== | |||
====Woman are Possesions==== | |||
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|5|59|524}}|The Muslims said among themselves, ‘Will Safiyah be one of the Prophet’s wives or just a lady captive and one of his possessions?’}} | |||
{{Quote|Ishaq:593|From the captives of Hunayn, Allah’s Messenger gave [his son-in-law] Ali a slave girl called Baytab and he gave [future Caliph] Uthman a slave girl called Zaynab and [future Caliph] Umar another.}} | |||
====Women are Sex Slaves==== | |||
{{Quote||And now, people, you acquire certain rights over your wives, and they do you. The right you acquire over them is that they should not let someone you hate sleep in your beds, and not to commit a manifest obscenity [or adultery]. If they do [commit it], then God has given you permission to leave them alone in their beds and give them a beating, though not too hard. If they give over, they get their provision and clothing with kindness; I command you good-will for your wives, for they are your captives(1) that do not own anything of their own. You have taken them by the faithfulness of God, and made their sexual organs lawful for you by the words of God."<ref>Ibn Hisham, al-Sira al-nabawiyya (Cairo, 1963), 4:251.</ref>}} | |||
====Women are Toys==== | |||
{{Quote|Al-Musanaf Vol. 1 Part 2, p. 263|Omar [one of the Khalifs] was once talking when his wife interjected, so he said to her: 'You are a toy, if you are needed we will call you.'}} | |||
{{Quote||[Mohammad said] The woman is a toy, whoever takes her let him care for her (or do not lose her)<ref>Tuffaha, Ahmad Zaky, Al-Mar'ah wal- Islam, Dar al-Kitab al-Lubnani, Beirut, first edition, 1985, p. 180</ref>}} | |||
====Women are a Tilth for Men to Cultivate==== | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|2|223}}|'''Your wives are as a tilth unto you; so approach your tilth when or how ye will;''' but do some good act for your souls beforehand; and fear Allah. And know that ye are to meet Him (in the Hereafter), and give (these) good tidings to those who believe.}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Abu Dawud|11|2138}}|Narrated Mu'awiyah ibn Haydah: I said: Apostle of Allah, how should we approach our wives and how should we leave them? '''He replied: Approach your tilth when or how you will,''' give her (your wife) food when you take food, clothes when you clothe yourself, do not revile her face, and do not beat her.}} | |||
==== Women can be Mortgaged==== | |||
{{quote|{{bukhari|5|59|369}}| | |||
Narrated Jabir bin 'Abdullah:<BR> | |||
Allah's Apostle said, "Who is willing to kill Ka'b bin Al-Ashraf who has hurt Allah and His Apostle?" Thereupon Muhammad bin Maslama got up saying, "O Allah's Apostle! Would you like that I kill him?" The Prophet said, "Yes," Muhammad bin Maslama said, "Then allow me to say a (false) thing (i.e. to deceive Kab). "The Prophet said, "You may say it." Then Muhammad bin Maslama went to Kab and said, "That man (i.e. Muhammad demands Sadaqa (i.e. Zakat) from us, and he has troubled us, and I have come to borrow something from you." On that, Kab said, "By Allah, you will get tired of him!" | |||
Muhammad bin Maslama said, "Now as we have followed him, we do not want to leave him unless and until we see how his end is going to be. Now we want you to lend us a camel load or two of food." (Some difference between narrators about a camel load or two.) '''Kab said, "Yes, (I will lend you), but you should mortgage something to me." Muhammad bin Mas-lama and his companion said, "What do you want?" Ka'b replied, "Mortgage your women to me." They said, "How can we mortgage our women to you and you are the most handsome of the 'Arabs?" Ka'b said, "Then mortgage your sons to me." They said, "How can we mortgage our sons to you? Later they would be abused by the people's saying that so-and-so has been mortgaged for a camel load of food. That would cause us great disgrace, but we will mortgage our arms to you."''' | |||
Muhammad bin Maslama and his companion promised Kab that Muhammad would return to him. He came to Kab at night along with Kab's foster brother, Abu Na'ila. Kab invited them to come into his fort, and then he went down to them. His wife asked him, "Where are you going at this time?" Kab replied, "None but Muhammad bin Maslama and my (foster) brother Abu Na'ila have come." His wife said, "I hear a voice as if dropping blood is from him, Ka'b said. "They are none but my brother Muhammad bin Maslama and my foster brother Abu Naila. A generous man should respond to a call at night even if invited to be killed." | |||
Muhammad bin Maslama went with two men. (Some narrators mention the men as 'Abu bin Jabr. Al Harith bin Aus and Abbad bin Bishr). So Muhammad bin Maslama went in together with two men, and said to them, "When Ka'b comes, I will touch his hair and smell it, and when you see that I have got hold of his head, strip him. I will let you smell his head." Kab bin Al-Ashraf came down to them wrapped in his clothes, and diffusing perfume. Muhammad bin Maslama said. " have never smelt a better scent than this. Ka'b replied. "I have got the best 'Arab women who know how to use the high class of perfume." Muhammad bin Maslama requested Ka'b "Will you allow me to smell your head?" Ka'b said, "Yes." Muhammad smelt it and made his companions smell it as well. Then he requested Ka'b again, "Will you let me (smell your head)?" Ka'b said, "Yes." When Muhammad got a strong hold of him, he said (to his companions), "Get at him!" So they killed him and went to the Prophet and informed him. (Abu Rafi) was killed after Ka'b bin Al-Ashraf." }} | |||
====A Woman's Silence is her Consent==== | |||
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|9|86|100}}|Narrated Abu Haraira: Allah's Apostle said, "A lady slave should not be given in marriage until she is consulted, and a virgin should not be given in marriage until her permission is granted." The people said, "How will she express her permission?" The Prophet said, '''"By keeping silent (when asked her consent)."''' Some people said, "If a man, by playing a trick, presents two false witnesses before the judge to testify that he has married a matron with her consent and the judge confirms his marriage, and the husband is sure that he has never married her (before), then such a marriage will be considered as a legal one and he may live with her as husband."|See Also {{Bukhari|9|86|101}}}} | |||
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|9|85|79}}|Narrated 'Aisha: I asked the Prophet, "O Allah's Apostle! Should the women be asked for their consent to their marriage?" He said, "Yes." I said, "A virgin, if asked, feels shy and keeps quiet." He said, '''"Her silence means her consent."'''}} | |||
==The Husband's Rights== | ==The Husband's Rights== | ||