List of Genocides, Cultural Genocides and Ethnic Cleansings under Islam
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No. | Name | Region | Country | Who was Responsible | Period | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Arab polytheists | Arabian peninsula | Saudi Arabia Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
600s AD | ||
2 | Jews | Arabian peninsula | 600s AD | |||
3 | Christians | Arabian peninsula | 600s AD | |||
Traditional Berber religion | North Africa | Arab Muslims | ||||
Zoroastrians | Persia | Arab and Persian Muslims | ||||
Hindus | Afghanistan | |||||
Buddhists | Afghanistan | |||||
Dards | Kashmir and northern Pakistan | India Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination , Pakistan Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
Arab invaders, Swat princely state | c. 700 AD and 1858-1969 | Most Dards were converted to Islam[1][2] | |
Buddhists | Bihar | India Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
Bakhtiyar Khilji | c.1197-1203 | Famous Buddhist monasteries and universities were also destroyed[3][4][5] | |
Christians | Anatolia | Turkey Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
Muslim Turks | |||
Buddhists | Maldives Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
c. 1200s onwards |
| |||
Kanuri people | Kanem empire | Chad Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination , Nigeria Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination , Cameroon Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
Dunama Dabbalemi | 1203 to 1243 | All Kanuris converted to Islam as a result of a jihad.[6][7] | |
Mongol converts to Islam[8] | Delhi | India Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
Alauddin Khilji | 1298 | 15,000-30,000 were killed | |
Hindus | Kashmir | India Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination , Pakistan Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
Sikandar Butshikan | 1389-1413 | [9][10] | |
Polytheists | Kafiristan | Afghanistan Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
1890s | |||
Hindus | Pakistan Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
1947-present | ||||
Hindus | Bangladesh Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
1947-present |
| |||
Egyptian Jews | Egypt Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
1948-1957 | ||||
Iraqi and Kurdish Jews | Iraq Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
1950s-1969 | [11] | |||
East Timor Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
Indonesia Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
1975-1999 | Described as a genocide
| |||
Chakma, Marma, Tripuri and other indigenous people | Chittagong Hill Tracts | Bangladesh Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
Bangladeshi army and Muslim settlers | 1977-1997 | [12][13] | |
Kashmiri Pandits | Kashmir valley | India Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
Kashmiri Muslim mobs and Pakistani terrorists | 1989-2001 | ||
Isaaq clan (Muslim) of Somalis | Somalia Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
Siad Barre | 1988-1990 | 50,000-100,000 killed (possibly up to 200,000)[14][15][16][17] | ||
Bantu people (Christians, Muslims and Traditional African religion) | Jubba Valley | Somalia Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
Somali militias | 1991 onwards | [18]
| |
| ||||||
Assyrians | Iraq Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
1933-2014 | [19][20][21] | |||
Yazidis | Iraqi Kurdistan | Iraq Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
ISIS | 2014- | ||
Arab Christians, Levantines, Armenians, Arameans, Assyrians (Syriacs or Chaldeans) and Copts | Iraq Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination , Syria Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination , Libya Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination |
ISIS | 2014- | At least 1000 casualties.[22] Described as a genocide by EU.[23][24][25][26] |
Key:
- No color: Non-Muslims targeted
- Light green: Predominantly Muslims targeted
- Orange: Both Muslims and Non-Muslims targeted
References
- ↑ "Swat: an Afghan society in Pakistan : urbanisation and change in tribal environment", City Press, https://books.google.com/books?id=p_9tAAAAMAAJ&q=dard+people+swati&dq=dard+people+swati&lr=&cd=1.
- ↑ "Living in the high mountain valleys, the Nuristani retained their ancient culture and their religion, a form of ancient Hinduism with many customs and rituals developed locally. Certain deities were revered only by one tribe or community, but one deity was universally worshipped by all Nuristani as the Creator, the Hindu god Yama Raja, called imr'o or imra by the Nuristani tribes. Around 700 CE, Arab invaders swept through the region now known as Afghanistan, destroying or forcibly converting the population to their new Islamic religion. Refugees from the invaders fled into the higher valleys to escape the onslaught. In their mountain strongholds, the Nuristani escaped conversion conversion to Islam and retained their ancient religion and culture. The surrounding Muslim peoples used the name Kafir, meaning "unbeliever" or "infidel," to describe the independent Nuristani tribes and called their highland homeland Kafiristan.", Minahan, James B., "Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia" (in English), ABC-CLIO, p. 205, ISBN 9781610690188
- ↑ Ishwari Prasad, Medieval India (Allahabad, Fourth Publication, 1940), p.138.
- ↑ The Indian Antiquary, Vol. IV, pp.366-67.
- ↑ Habibullah, Abul Barkat Muhammad. The Foundation of Muslim Rule in India. (Allahabad, 1961). p.147.
- ↑ Barkindo, Bawuro, "The early states of the Central Sudan: Kanem, Borno and some of their neighbours to c. 1500 A.D.", in: J. Ajayi und M. Crowder (ed.), History of West Africa, vol. I, 3. ed. Harlow 1985, 225-254.
- ↑ "Three Continents, One History: Birmingham, the Transatlantic Slave Trade and the Caribbean", p. 18, by Clive Harris.
- ↑ Smith, Vincent A. The Oxford History of India: From the Earliest Times to the End of 1911, Chapter 2, pp 231-235, Oxford University Press.
- ↑ Kaw, K.; Kashmir Education, Culture, and Science Society (2004). Kashmir and Its People: Studies in the Evolution of Kashmiri Society. A.P.H. Publishing Corporation. ISBN 9788176485371. Retrieved 7 July 2015.
- ↑ Haidar Malik Chãdurãh. Tãrîkh-i-Kashmîr. edited and translated into English by Razia Bano, Delhi, 1991. p. 55.
- ↑ Republic of fear: the politics of modern Iraq By Kanan Makiya, chapter 2 "A World of Fear", University of California 1998
- ↑ Nagendra K. Singh (2003). Encyclopaedia of Bangladesh. Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd. pp. 222–223. ISBN 81-261-1390-1.
- ↑ Shelley, Mizanur Rahman (1992). The Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh: The untold story. Centre for Development Research, Bangladesh. p. 129.
- ↑ Peifer, Douglas C. (in en). Stopping Mass Killings in Africa: Genocide, Airpower, and Intervention. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 9781437912814, 2009-05-01. https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=tOgOwSXB164C&pg=PA23&lpg=PA23&dq=50,000&source=bl&ots=gDxdHZNEgV&sig=tQB8KBkmIN2qBGzghefetUE7ITo&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwig3YSDnsjRAhVI1BoKHbKaBUEQ6AEIIjAB#v=onepage&q=50,000%20isaaq%20deaths&f=false.
- ↑ Straus, Scott (in en). Making and Unmaking Nations: The Origins and Dynamics of Genocide in Contemporary Africa. Cornell University Press. ISBN 9780801455674, 2015-03-24. https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=mKWiBwAAQBAJ&pg=PT149&dq=&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi17-PMzMzRAhXLVhoKHZERA3w4ChDoAQg-MAc#v=onepage&q=%22large%20systematic%20scale%22&f=false.
- ↑ Jones, Adam (in en). Genocide, war crimes and the West: history and complicity. Zed Books. ISBN 9781842771914, 2017-01-22. https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ZybbAAAAMAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=By+then,+any+surviving+urban+Isaaks+-.
- ↑ "Investigating genocide in Somaliland", http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2014/02/investigating-genocide-somaliland-20142310820367509.html.
- ↑ Catherine L. Besteman, "Genocide in Somalia’s Jubba Valley and Somali Bantu Refugees in the U.S.", Social Science Research Council, April 9 2007 (archived), http://hornofafrica.ssrc.org/Besteman/.
- ↑ http://www.aina.org/articles/contestednations.pdf
- ↑ http://www.aina.org/reports/ig.pdf
- ↑ https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/oct/06/religion.iraq
- ↑ "At least a thousand Christians have been killed. Hundreds of thousands have fled.", "As Christians Flee, Governments Pressured To Declare ISIS Guilty Of Genocide", NPR, 24 December 2015, http://www.npr.org/2015/12/24/460906980/as-christians-flee-governments-pressured-to-declare-isis-guilty-of-genocide
- ↑ 2014. Seven Egyptian Christians found shot execution-style on Libyan beach Reuters.
- ↑ Moore, Jack. "European Parliament Recognizes ISIS Killing of Religious Minorities as Genocide", February 4, 2016.
- ↑ Kaplan, Michael. "ISIS Genocide Against Christians, Yazidis? European Parliament Recognizes Islamic State Targeting Religious Minorities", February 4, 2016. “The European Parliament characterized the persecution as "genocide" Thursday.”
- ↑ JOINT MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION, European Parliament.