WikiIslam:Sandbox/Diversity in Islam

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This article looks at different branches of Islam and their views.

Overview

Name Practice stoning Practice child marriage Freedom of religion Jihad Supports deception/taqiyya Claims Jesus as a Muslim/prophet of Islam Claims Jewish figures as Muslims/prophets of Islam Claims other deities and prophets as Muslims
Sunni - Hanafi Yes [1] Yes [2] No Yes Yes
Sunni - Maliki Yes [3] Yes [2] No Yes
Sunni - Shafii Yes [4] Yes [2] Yes
Sunni - Hanbali Yes [2] Yes
Sunni - Salafi - Wahhabi[5] Yes [6] No [7] Yes [8]
Shia - Jafari Yes[9][10] Yes[11] Yes[12]
Shia - Zaidiyyah
Shia - Isma'ili
Ibadi Yes[13][14]
Ahmadiyya No [15] Yes[16] Yes[17][18]

Conclusion

Islam may be divided into dozens of sects, sub-sects, or movements and it may overlap with many languages, races, castes etc. but when it comes to the disturbing beliefs and practices, Muslims show a incredible similarity. This is clear from the above table.

References

  1. ↑ "وهذا قول أبي حنيفة، وقولنا فإن كان الزوج دخل بها رجمت وإن كان لم يدخل بها ضربت الحد مئة جلدة" - "And this was said by Abu Hanifa, and he said to us, so if husband entered her, stone her and if he did not enter her, then beat her, the punishment: one hundered lashes." ("Kitab Al-Athar" by Shaybani, chapter 101)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "يجوز تزويج الصغيرة بالكبير إجماعا ولوكانت في المهد" - "It is permissible to marry young girls, by a great ijma (consensus of scholars), even if they were still in a cradle." (Fath Ul-Bari by Bukhari, vol. 11, page 25) http://library.islamweb.net/newlibrary/display_book.php?idfrom=9288&idto=9289&bk_no=52&ID=2819
  3. ↑ "الزنا مع الإحصان يوجب الرجم" - "Zina (unlawful sexual intercourse) with an ihsaan (married) requires rajm (stoning)." (As-hal al-Masalik Fi Madhab al-Imam Malik by As-Sayyid Muhammad al-Bashar, chapter of Zina, page 242)
  4. ↑ "وحد المحصن والمحصنة ان يرجما بالحجارة حتى يموتا" - "And the hudd (punishment) for a muhsan and muhsanat (married man or woman) is stoning them to death." - (Kitaab al-Umm by Imam Shafi, juz 7, page 391)
  5. ↑ Note: Salafi/Wahhabi not exactly a sect but a movement within Sunnis.
  6. ↑ "عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ لِمَاعِزِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ‏"‏ أَحَقٌّ مَا بَلَغَنِي عَنْكَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَمَا بَلَغَكَ عَنِّي قَالَ ‏بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكَ وَقَعْتَ بِجَارِيَةِ آلِ فُلاَنٍ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ نَعَمْ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَشَهِدَ أَرْبَعَ شَهَادَاتٍ ‏.‏ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِهِ فَرُجِمَ" - "From Ibn Abbas, that the prophet (saw) said: Is it true what has reached me about you? He said: What has reached you about me? He said: It has reached me that you have committed (adultery) with the slave-girl of so and so? He said: Yes. He (the narrator) said: He testified four times. He (the Holy Prophet) then made pronouncement about him and he was stoned (to death)." (Majmu'a al-Hadith 'Ala Abwab al-Fiqh by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, volume 4, chapter of Hudud. Contains many other hadiths.)
  7. ↑ Majmu'a al-Hadith 'Ala Abwab al-Fiqh by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, volume 4, Chapter of Ruling on Murtad (باب الحكم المرتد), page 255
  8. ↑ "مَنْ مَاتَ وَلَمْ يَغْزُ وَلَمْ يُحَدِّثْ نَفْسَهُ بِغَزْوٍ مَاتَ عَلَى شُعْبَةِ نِفَاقٍ" - "Whoever dies without having fought or thought of fighting, he dies on one of the branches of hypocrisy." (Majmu'a al-Hadith 'Ala Abwab al-Fiqh by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, volume 3, chapter كتاب الجهاد والسير, page 237)
  9. ↑ http://islamicmobility.com/pdf/GREATER%20SINS%20Gunah%20Kabira%20Vol%201.pdf
  10. ↑ "Tenth Greater Sin: Fornication" (archived), https://www.al-islam.org/greater-sins-volume-1-ayatullah-sayyid-abdul-husayn-dastghaib-shirazi/tenth-greater-sin-fornication. 
  11. ↑ "al-Imam Ja’far al-Sadiq (as) (The Sixth Imam of Ahlul-Bayt) said: "al-Taqiyya is my religion, and the religion of my ancestors.”He (as)also said: "He who doesn’t practice al-Taqiyya, doesn’t practice his religion."", "Al-Taqiyya, Dissimulation Part 3", Al-Islam.org (archived), https://www.al-islam.org/shiite-encyclopedia-ahlul-bayt-dilp-team/al-taqiyya-dissimulation-part-3 
  12. ↑ "The Prophethood of Jesus" (archived), https://www.al-islam.org/jesus-though-shiite-narrations-mahdi-muntazir-qaim/prophethood-jesus. 
  13. ↑ Ibadis call this concept kitman, analogous to taqiyya.
  14. ↑ Juan Eduardo Campo (1 Jan 2009). Encyclopedia of Islam. Infobase Publishing. p. 323. ISBN 9781438126968.
  15. ↑ "As far as the punishment of stoning to death is concerned, the Holy Qur'an declares that those who indulge in fornication or adultery, (the same Arabic word zana is used for both), should be flogged one hundred times. Here in this verse there is no mention of stoning at all anywhere." (Mirza Tahir Ahmad in interview with BTV, 1988)
  16. ↑ Ahmadiyyas profess belief in three definitions or levels of jihad. The third one calls for a war to defend their religion in the name of Allah as a response to persecution and only upon the orders of their Caliph.
  17. ↑ Ian Adamson. Ahmad the Guided One. Islam International Publications Ltd. pp. 207–208. ISBN 1-85372-597-8.
  18. ↑ Modern religious movements in India, John Nicol Farquhar, Munshiram Manoharlal, 1967, p. 138.
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