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'''‘Abdu’llah''' (عبد الله slave of Allah) is the name of Prophet [[Muhammad]]'s father. His full name was in fact ''Abd Allah ibn Abd al Muttalib'' (عبدالله بن عبد المطلب).  This is proof that the title of "[[Allah]]" was familiar to polytheistic Arabs prior to the advent of [[Islam]].  
'''‘''Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib''''' (عبدالله بن عبد المطلب) is the name of Prophet [[Muhammad]]'s father. The name Abdullah means "Slave of Allah".  


Abdu’llah was the son of Shaiba ibn Hashim (`Abd al-Muttalib). He and Āminah bint Wahb (Muhammad's mother), belonged to the family of the Banū Hāshim, a branch of the powerful Quraysh, the ruling tribe of Mecca, that also guarded the [[Kaaba|Ka'aba]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1237855/Abd-Allah |title=ʿAbd Allāh |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica |author= |date=July 9, 2011 |quote= |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1237855/Abd-Allah&date=2011-07-09 |archivedate=2011-07-09 |deadurl=no}}</ref><!-- 6 -->
Abdullah was the son of Shaiba ibn Hashim (`Abd al-Muttalib). He and Āminah bint Wahb (Muhammad's mother), belonged to the family of the Banū Hāshim, a branch of the powerful Quraysh, the ruling tribe of Mecca, that also guarded the [[Kaaba|Ka'aba]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1237855/Abd-Allah |title=ʿAbd Allāh |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica |author= |date=July 9, 2011 |quote= |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1237855/Abd-Allah&date=2011-07-09 |archivedate=2011-07-09 |deadurl=no}}</ref> According to Tabari, Muhammad also had another wife, though her name is not known.<ref>Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari. ''Tarikh al-Rusul wa'l-Muluk''. Translated by Watt, W. M., & McDonald, M. V. (1988). ''Volume 6: Muhammad at Mecca'', p. 6. Albany: State University of New York Press.</ref> Still, traditional sources maintain that Muhammad was Abdullah's only child.<ref>Ibn Sa'd/Haq p. 107.</ref>


According to Islamic beliefs, Abdu’llah and Aminah are both in [[Hell]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://islamqa.com/en/ref/47170/hell |title=Are the parents of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) in Paradise or in Hell? |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://islamqa.com/en/ref/47170/hell&date=2011-06-08 |archivedate=2011-06-08 |deadurl=no|publisher=Islam Q&A|series= Fatwa No. 47170}}</ref><ref>"''Abu Huraira reported: The Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) visited the grave of his mother and he wept, and moved others around him to tears, and said: I sought permission from my Lord to beg forgiveness for her but it was not granted to me, and I sought permission to visit her grave and it was granted to me. So visit the graves, for that makes you mindful of death.''" - {{Muslim|4|2130}}</ref><ref>"''Anas reported: Verily, a person said: Messenger of Allah, where is my father? He said: (He) is in the Fire. When he turned away, he (the Holy Prophet) called him and said: Verily my father and your father are in the Fire.''" - {{Muslim|1|398}}</ref>
Abdullah is said to have died on his way back from a trading trip in al-Sham (the Palestine/Syria area) whilst resting in [[Medina]]. At the time he had departed for this trip, Aminah had been pregnant with Muhammad.<ref>Ibn Sa'd/Haq pp. 107-108.</ref>
 
== Fate in the afterlife ==
According to Sahih Muslim, Abdu’llah and Aminah are both in [[Hell]].
{{Quote|{{Muslim|1|398}}|Anas reported:
 
Verily, a person said: Messenger of Allah, where is my father? He said: (He) is in the Fire. When he turned away, he (the Holy Prophet) called him and said: Verily my father and your father are in the Fire.}}{{Quote|{{Muslim|4|2130}}|Abu Huraira reported:
 
The Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) visited the grave of his mother and he wept, and moved others around him to tears, and said: I sought permission from my Lord to beg forgiveness for her but it was not granted to me, and I sought permission to visit her grave and it was granted to me so visit the graves, for that makes you mindful of death.}}
While some classical scholars held that these [[sahih]] (authentic) narrations had been abrogated, theirs was a minority position founded on fabricated/very-weak ahadith and, rather than relying on sound scripture, rested more on a theological/moral objection to the idea that the prophets's parents could be in hell.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://islamqa.com/en/ref/47170/hell |title=Are the parents of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) in Paradise or in Hell? |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://islamqa.com/en/ref/47170/hell&date=2011-06-08 |archivedate=2011-06-08 |deadurl=no|publisher=Islam Q&A|series= Fatwa No. 47170}}</ref> The fabricated/very-weak hadith referenced by scholars holding the non-mainstream view suggest that even while Muhammad said the narrations attributed to him in Sahih Muslim (and quoted above), his parents were thereafter resurrected from their graves in order to convert to Islam. Ibn Taymiyyah wrote regarding hadith these specific fabricated/weak hadith that "imams of hadeeth are unanimously agreed that they are fabricated, such as al-Daaraqutni, al-Jawzaqaani, Ibn Shaheen, al-Khateeb, Ibn ‘Asaakir, Ibn Naasir, Ibn al-Jawzi, al-Suhayli, al-Qurtubi, al-Muhibb, al-Tabari, Fath al-Deen ibn Sayyid al-Naas, Ibraaheem al-Halabi and others."<ref>Ibid.</ref>
 
== Name ==
Abdullah's name demonstrates that the title of "[[Allah]]" and the idea of being his 'Abd, or slave, was familiar to polytheistic Arabs prior to the advent of [[Islam]], though the matter is hardly contested.


==See Also==
==See Also==
*[[Pagan Origins of Islam]]
*[[Pagan Origins of Islam]]


==External Links==
==External Links==


* {{external_link|url=http://staringattheview.blogspot.com/2008/10/who-was-father-of-muhammad-part-2.html |title=Who was the Father of Muhammad? Part 2 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://staringattheview.blogspot.com/2008/10/who-was-father-of-muhammad-part-2.html&date=2012-12-06 |archivedate=2012-12-06 |deadurl=no}}<!-- 25 -->
*{{external_link|url=http://staringattheview.blogspot.com/2008/10/who-was-father-of-muhammad-part-2.html |title=Who was the Father of Muhammad? Part 2 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://staringattheview.blogspot.com/2008/10/who-was-father-of-muhammad-part-2.html&date=2012-12-06 |archivedate=2012-12-06 |deadurl=no}}<!-- 25 -->


==References==
==References==

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‘Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib (عبدالله بن عبد المطلب) is the name of Prophet Muhammad's father. The name Abdullah means "Slave of Allah".

Abdullah was the son of Shaiba ibn Hashim (`Abd al-Muttalib). He and Āminah bint Wahb (Muhammad's mother), belonged to the family of the Banū Hāshim, a branch of the powerful Quraysh, the ruling tribe of Mecca, that also guarded the Ka'aba.[1] According to Tabari, Muhammad also had another wife, though her name is not known.[2] Still, traditional sources maintain that Muhammad was Abdullah's only child.[3]

Abdullah is said to have died on his way back from a trading trip in al-Sham (the Palestine/Syria area) whilst resting in Medina. At the time he had departed for this trip, Aminah had been pregnant with Muhammad.[4]

Fate in the afterlife

According to Sahih Muslim, Abdu’llah and Aminah are both in Hell.

Anas reported: Verily, a person said: Messenger of Allah, where is my father? He said: (He) is in the Fire. When he turned away, he (the Holy Prophet) called him and said: Verily my father and your father are in the Fire.
Sahih Muslim 1:398
Abu Huraira reported: The Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) visited the grave of his mother and he wept, and moved others around him to tears, and said: I sought permission from my Lord to beg forgiveness for her but it was not granted to me, and I sought permission to visit her grave and it was granted to me so visit the graves, for that makes you mindful of death.
Sahih Muslim 4:2130

While some classical scholars held that these sahih (authentic) narrations had been abrogated, theirs was a minority position founded on fabricated/very-weak ahadith and, rather than relying on sound scripture, rested more on a theological/moral objection to the idea that the prophets's parents could be in hell.[5] The fabricated/very-weak hadith referenced by scholars holding the non-mainstream view suggest that even while Muhammad said the narrations attributed to him in Sahih Muslim (and quoted above), his parents were thereafter resurrected from their graves in order to convert to Islam. Ibn Taymiyyah wrote regarding hadith these specific fabricated/weak hadith that "imams of hadeeth are unanimously agreed that they are fabricated, such as al-Daaraqutni, al-Jawzaqaani, Ibn Shaheen, al-Khateeb, Ibn ‘Asaakir, Ibn Naasir, Ibn al-Jawzi, al-Suhayli, al-Qurtubi, al-Muhibb, al-Tabari, Fath al-Deen ibn Sayyid al-Naas, Ibraaheem al-Halabi and others."[6]

Name

Abdullah's name demonstrates that the title of "Allah" and the idea of being his 'Abd, or slave, was familiar to polytheistic Arabs prior to the advent of Islam, though the matter is hardly contested.

See Also

External Links

References

  1. ↑ "ʿAbd Allāh", Encyclopædia Britannica, July 9, 2011 (archived), http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1237855/Abd-Allah. 
  2. ↑ Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari. Tarikh al-Rusul wa'l-Muluk. Translated by Watt, W. M., & McDonald, M. V. (1988). Volume 6: Muhammad at Mecca, p. 6. Albany: State University of New York Press.
  3. ↑ Ibn Sa'd/Haq p. 107.
  4. ↑ Ibn Sa'd/Haq pp. 107-108.
  5. ↑ "Are the parents of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) in Paradise or in Hell?", Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 47170 (archived), http://islamqa.com/en/ref/47170/hell. 
  6. ↑ Ibid.
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