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Islamic Views on the Shape of the Earth: Difference between revisions
Islamic Views on the Shape of the Earth (view source)
Revision as of 10:26, 3 October 2016
, 3 October 2016→Analysis: Added Lane's Lexicon links for the Arabic definitions and used the definitions therein (the old ones were from an early 2000s online Arabic dictionary called Sakhr (probably modern Arabic))
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Lightyears (talk | contribs) (→Qur'an 22:61, 31:29, & 39:5 - night and day merging / overlapping: 21:33 further demonstrates that night and day are moving entites in the Qur'an) |
Lightyears (talk | contribs) (→Analysis: Added Lane's Lexicon links for the Arabic definitions and used the definitions therein (the old ones were from an early 2000s online Arabic dictionary called Sakhr (probably modern Arabic))) |
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'''Who has made the earth your couch''', and the heavens your canopy; and sent down rain from the heavens; and brought forth therewith Fruits for your sustenance; then set not up rivals unto Allah when ye know (the truth). }} | '''Who has made the earth your couch''', and the heavens your canopy; and sent down rain from the heavens; and brought forth therewith Fruits for your sustenance; then set not up rivals unto Allah when ye know (the truth). }} | ||
فِرَٰشًا = firashan = a thing that is spread upon the | فِرَٰشًا = firashan = a thing that is spread upon the ground, a thing that is spread for one to sit or lie upon.<ref>فِرَٰشًا firashan - [http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/Volume6/00000155.pdf Lane's Lexicon] page 2371</ref> | ||
=== Qur'an 15:19 - madad (extend, stretch out)=== | === Qur'an 15:19 - madad (extend, stretch out)=== | ||
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'''And the earth We have spread out''' (like a carpet); set thereon mountains firm and immovable; and produced therein all kinds of things in due balance. }} | '''And the earth We have spread out''' (like a carpet); set thereon mountains firm and immovable; and produced therein all kinds of things in due balance. }} | ||
مَدَدْ = madad = | مَدَدْ = madad = extend by drawing or pulling, stretch out, expand<ref>مد (مدد madad) - [http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/Volume7/00000223.pdf Lane's Lexicon] page 2695</ref> | ||
=== Qur'an 20:53 - mahdan (bed)=== | === Qur'an 20:53 - mahdan (bed)=== | ||
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'''He Who has, made for you the earth like a carpet spread out'''; has enabled you to go about therein by roads (and channels); and has sent down water from the sky." With it have We produced diverse pairs of plants each separate from the others. }} | '''He Who has, made for you the earth like a carpet spread out'''; has enabled you to go about therein by roads (and channels); and has sent down water from the sky." With it have We produced diverse pairs of plants each separate from the others. }} | ||
مَهْدًا = mahdan = | مَهْدًا = mahdan = cradle or bed; a plain, even, or smooth expanse<ref>مَهْدً mahdan - [http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/Volume7/00000267.pdf Lane's Lexicon] page 2739</ref> | ||
=== Qur'an 43:10 - mahdan (bed)=== | === Qur'an 43:10 - mahdan (bed)=== | ||
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'''(Yea, the same that) has made for you the earth (like a carpet) spread out''', and has made for you roads (and channels) therein, in order that ye may find guidance (on the way);}} | '''(Yea, the same that) has made for you the earth (like a carpet) spread out''', and has made for you roads (and channels) therein, in order that ye may find guidance (on the way);}} | ||
مَهْدًا = mahdan = | مَهْدًا = mahdan = cradle or bed; a plain, even, or smooth expanse<ref>مَهْدً mahdan - [http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/Volume7/00000267.pdf Lane's Lexicon] page 2739</ref> | ||
=== Qur'an 50:7 - madad (expand, stretch out)=== | === Qur'an 50:7 - madad (expand, stretch out)=== | ||
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'''And the earth- We have spread it out''', and set thereon mountains standing firm, and produced therein every kind of beautiful growth (in pairs)- }} | '''And the earth- We have spread it out''', and set thereon mountains standing firm, and produced therein every kind of beautiful growth (in pairs)- }} | ||
مَدَدْ = madad = | مَدَدْ = madad = extend by drawing or pulling, stretch out, expand<ref>مد (مدد madad) - [http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/Volume7/00000223.pdf Lane's Lexicon] page 2695</ref> | ||
=== Qur'an 51:48 - farasha (spread out) mahidoon (spreaders) === | === Qur'an 51:48 - farasha (spread out) mahidoon (spreaders) === | ||
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And the earth have We laid out, how gracious is the Spreader (thereof)! }} | And the earth have We laid out, how gracious is the Spreader (thereof)! }} | ||
فَرَشَْ = farasha (see also 2:22 above) = spread a bed or carpet | فَرَشَْ = farasha (see also 2:22 above for the noun) = spread or expand, spread a bed or carpet<ref>فرش = farasha - [http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/Volume6/00000153.pdf Lane's Lexicon] page 2369</ref> | ||
الْمَهِدُونَ = mahidoon | الْمَهِدُونَ = mahidoon from مهد = make plain, even, smooth, spread a bed<ref>مهد mahada - [http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/Volume7/00000267.pdf Lane's Lexicon] page 2739</ref> | ||
=== Qur'an 71:19 - bisaatan (carpet)=== | === Qur'an 71:19 - bisaatan (carpet)=== | ||
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And Allah has made the earth for you as a carpet (spread out), }} | And Allah has made the earth for you as a carpet (spread out), }} | ||
بِسَاطًا = bisaatan = | بِسَاطًا = bisaatan = A thing that is spread or spread out or forth, and particularly a carpet (from the same root we also have بَسَاطٌ = bisaatun = Land, expanded and even; and wide or spacious) | ||
from the | <ref>بِسَاطًا bisaatan - [http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/Volume1/00000241.pdf Lane's Lexicon] page 204</ref> | ||
=== Qur'an 78:6 - mihadan (bed)=== | === Qur'an 78:6-7 - mihadan (bed)=== | ||
{{Quote|{{Quran|78|6}}| أَلَمْ نَجْعَلِ ٱلْأَرْضَ مِهَٰدًا | {{Quote|{{Quran-range|78|6|7}}|أَلَمْ نَجْعَلِ ٱلْأَرْضَ مِهَٰدًا وَٱلْجِبَالَ أَوْتَادًا | ||
Alam najAAali al-arda mihadan | Alam najAAali al-arda mihadan Waaljibala awtadan | ||
Have We not made the earth as a wide expanse,}} | Have We not made the earth as a wide expanse, And the mountains as pegs?}} | ||
مِهَٰدًا (same as مَهْدًا mahdan) = | مِهَٰدًا (same as مَهْدًا mahdan) = cradle or bed; a plain, even, or smooth expanse<ref>مَهْدً mahdan - [http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/Volume7/00000267.pdf Lane's Lexicon] page 2739</ref> | ||
=== Qur'an 79:30 - daha (spread out or ostrich egg?)=== | === Qur'an 79:30 - daha (spread out or ostrich egg?)=== | ||
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In Arabic, each word must be derived from its root. The root usually consists of three letters that can be manipulated, by adding vowels, prefixes and suffixes in order to produce different words with different meanings. For example, "ka-ta-ba" (to write) is the root for many words such as kitab (book), maktaba (library), katib (author), maktoob (written), kitabat (writings) et cetera. | In Arabic, each word must be derived from its root. The root usually consists of three letters that can be manipulated, by adding vowels, prefixes and suffixes in order to produce different words with different meanings. For example, "ka-ta-ba" (to write) is the root for many words such as kitab (book), maktaba (library), katib (author), maktoob (written), kitabat (writings) et cetera. | ||
Let's now take the word claimed to mean egg of an ostrich, "Duhiya". This word is ''not'' a root. It is a noun and is derived from "da-ha-wa" (دحو)<ref name="LanesLexiconDaHaWa">[http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/Volume3/00000023.pdf Lane's Lexicon | Let's now take the word claimed to mean egg of an ostrich, "Duhiya". This word is ''not'' a root. It is a noun and is derived from "da-ha-wa" (دحو)<ref name="LanesLexiconDaHaWa">دحو dahawa - [http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/Volume3/00000023.pdf Lane's Lexicon] page 857</ref>, the same root that the verb "dahaha" (دَحَىٰهَآ) in 79:30 comes from (the 'ha' at the end there is just a pronoun suffix meaning 'it'). Furthermore, Duhiya does not even mean the egg of an ostrich. This is what the most respected dictionaries have to say on this subject: | ||
===== Lisan Al Arab ===== | ===== Lisan Al Arab ===== | ||
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And at the Earth, how it is spread out?}} | And at the Earth, how it is spread out?}} | ||
سَطَّحَ = spread out or forth, expand | سَطَّحَ = spread out or forth, expand | ||
The word was used to describe making flat | The word was used to describe making the flat top or roof of a house or chamber and making a top surface flat. | ||
Words from the same root mean the flat top or roof of a house or chamber, a plane in geometry, | Words from the same root mean the flat top surface or roof of a house or chamber, a flat plane in geometry, a level place upon which dates can be spread, a rolling pin (which expands the dough), plane or flat.<ref>سطَح shataha - [http://www.studyquran.org/LaneLexicon/Volume4/00000081.pdf Lanes Lexicon] page 1357</ref> | ||
=== Qur'an 91:6 - taha (spread out)=== | === Qur'an 91:6 - taha (spread out)=== | ||