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Jihad as Obligation (Fard): Difference between revisions
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"[[Fard]]" means ''Compulsory''. [[Jihad]] is an ''Individual duty'' ( | {{QualityScore|Lead=1|Structure=3|Content=3|Language=1|References=3}} | ||
"[[Fard]]" means ''Compulsory''. [[Jihad]] is an ''Individual duty'' (فرض العين fard al-'ayn) for each and every Muslim or a community responsibility, or ''sufficiency duty'' (فرض الكفائي fard al-kifaya) that could be fulfilled by a group within the community without involving everyone. Scholarly discussions regarding the two views involved in particular the verses {{Quran|2|216}} and {{Quran|9|122}}.<ref>Reuven Firestone, ''Jihad: The Origin of Holy War in Islam'', New York: Oxford University Press, 1999, pp. 60-61</ref> While modern voices differentiate between a ''personal'' or greater Jihad and a military or lesser Jihad, such a dichotomy is not found in classical and especially early Islamic literature, and finds no endorsement in Islamic scripture, which refers to Jihad overwhelmingly, and some argue exclusively, as a doctrine of military conquest, with the reference to internal struggle being a metaphorical usage. | |||
==Scholars== | ==Scholars== | ||
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{{Quote|Encyclopaedia of Islam Online|The duty of the jihad exists as long as the universal domination of Islam has not been attained. Peace with non-Muslim nations is, therefore, a provisional state of affairs only; the chance of circumstances alone can justify it temporarily. Furthermore there can be no question of genuine peace treaties with these nations; only truces, whose duration ought not, in principle, to exceed ten years, are authorized. But even such truces are precarious, inasmuch as they can, before they expire, be repudiated unilaterally should it appear more profitable for Islam to resume the conflict.<ref>[http://www.brill.nl/publications/online-resources/encyclopaedia-islam-online "Encyclopaedia of Islam Online"]. BRILL. 2007. Retrieved October 2008.</ref>}} | {{Quote|Encyclopaedia of Islam Online|The duty of the jihad exists as long as the universal domination of Islam has not been attained. Peace with non-Muslim nations is, therefore, a provisional state of affairs only; the chance of circumstances alone can justify it temporarily. Furthermore there can be no question of genuine peace treaties with these nations; only truces, whose duration ought not, in principle, to exceed ten years, are authorized. But even such truces are precarious, inasmuch as they can, before they expire, be repudiated unilaterally should it appear more profitable for Islam to resume the conflict.<ref>[http://www.brill.nl/publications/online-resources/encyclopaedia-islam-online "Encyclopaedia of Islam Online"]. BRILL. 2007. Retrieved October 2008.</ref>}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
[[Category:Islamic Law]] | [[Category:Jihad]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Modern movements]] | ||
[[Category:Shariah (Islamic Law)]] | |||
[[Category:Caliphate]] | |||
[[Category:Society and human nature]] | |||