Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Characteristics of Non-Muslims: Difference between revisions

More balanced introduction noting the antagonistic background, though hard to find any positive statements at all re characteristics
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(More balanced introduction noting the antagonistic background, though hard to find any positive statements at all re characteristics)
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The Qur'an, as elsewhere noted, has much to say about the non-believers. It also has a rich and almost entirely negative vocabulary to describe them. They deaf, dumb, and blind, the "worst of creatures." They are proud and stubborn in their defiance of Allah and his apostle. Overall, the impression one gets of these people from the Qur'an is intensively negative, and as such the jihad which must be waged against them seems more fitting and just, and their terrible fate in the fire more well-deserved.  
The Qur'an, as elsewhere noted, has much to say about the non-believers. It also has a rich and almost entirely negative vocabulary to describe them. They deaf, dumb, and blind, the "worst of creatures." They are proud and stubborn in their defiance of Allah and his apostle. Overall, the impression one gets of these people from the Qur'an is intensively negative and their terrible fate in the fire more well-deserved. Muhammad's message had been mocked and rejected by the majority of the Meccans, where he and his followers had been persecuted and driven out.
 
Occasionally the Quran is more conciliatory, notably {{Quran-range|60|7|9}} which was traditionally revealed before the conquest of Mecca and according to tradition involved relatively little killing after their leader Abu Sufyan saved himself by seeking Muhammad's forgiveness and accepted Islam. Those verses indicate that some non-Muslims do not have the characteristic of oppressiveness and may be worthy of love, just dealing and friendship. Sometimes non-Muslims are described in only mildly negative ways, such as {{Quran|9|6}} which grants refuge to mushrikeen who seek it "for they are people who do not know".


==Qur'an==
==Qur'an==
===Friendship and kindness towards those who were not oppressors===
{{Main|Relationships with non-Muslims in Islamic Law}}
{{Quote|{{Quran-range|60|7|9}}|It may be that Allah will ordain love between you and those of them with whom ye are at enmity. Allah is Mighty, and Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. Allah forbiddeth you not those who warred not against you on account of religion and drove you not out from your homes, that ye should show them kindness and deal justly with them. Lo! Allah loveth the just dealers. Allah forbiddeth you only those who warred against you on account of religion and have driven you out from your homes and helped to drive you out, that ye make friends of them. Whosoever maketh friends of them - (All) such are wrong-doers.}}
===Non-Muslims are Arrogant and Divided===
===Non-Muslims are Arrogant and Divided===
{{Quote|{{Quran|38|2}}|Nay, but those who disbelieve are in false pride and schism.}}
{{Quote|{{Quran|38|2}}|Nay, but those who disbelieve are in false pride and schism.}}
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