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Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Music: Difference between revisions
Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Music (view source)
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{{QuranHadithScholarsIndex}} | {{QuranHadithScholarsIndex}} | ||
The Qur'an itself has little to say on the subject of music, though verses below are cited which Islamic scholars generally interpret as referring to the practice. The hadith, though, is very explicit that both making music with instruments and singing is specifically haram. Islamic scholars have, though, made exceptions for the nasheed, a type of religious Islamic song which feature only men's voices in a cappella along with a single instrument, the daf, a type of tamborine with the sound of a drum. This exception, though, appears nowhere in the original scriptures, which simply condemn all forms of singing and music making. Historically and today, a wide range of views exist as to the permissability of music, sometimes arguing that the relevant hadiths are unreliable. Some argue that specific types of instruments are permissable, others that all types are allowed if the music is for halal purposes. Many Sufi orders use music as a form of worship and music commonly plays a role in public religious celebrations in Shi'a Islam. | |||
==Qur'an== | ==Qur'an== | ||
===Surah 17:63-64=== | ===Surah 17:63-64=== | ||
{{Quote|{{Quran-range|17|63|64}}| | {{Quote|{{Quran-range|17|63|64}}|[Allah] said, "Go, for whoever of them follows you, indeed Hell will be the recompense of you - an ample recompense. And incite [to senselessness] whoever you can among them with your voice and assault them with your horses and foot soldiers and become a partner in their wealth and their children and promise them." But Satan does not promise them except delusion. | ||
}} | |||
===Surah 31:6=== | ===Surah 31:6=== | ||
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{{Quote|{{Bukhari|5|58|268}}| Narrated Aisha: That once Abu Bakr came to her on the day of 'Id-ul-Fitr or 'Id ul Adha while the Prophet was with her and there were '''two girl singers with her, singing songs''' of the Ansar about the day of Buath. Abu Bakr said twice. "'''Musical instrument of Satan!'''" But the Prophet said, "Leave them Abu Bakr, for every nation has an 'Id (i.e. festival) and '''this day is our 'Id'''."}} | {{Quote|{{Bukhari|5|58|268}}| Narrated Aisha: That once Abu Bakr came to her on the day of 'Id-ul-Fitr or 'Id ul Adha while the Prophet was with her and there were '''two girl singers with her, singing songs''' of the Ansar about the day of Buath. Abu Bakr said twice. "'''Musical instrument of Satan!'''" But the Prophet said, "Leave them Abu Bakr, for every nation has an 'Id (i.e. festival) and '''this day is our 'Id'''."}} | ||
{{Quote|1=[[Compendium of Muslim Texts|Sahih Bukhari]] [ | {{Quote|1=[[Compendium of Muslim Texts|Sahih Bukhari]] [{{Compendium-of-muslim-texts-base-url}}/hadith/bukhari/069-sbt.php#007.069.494v 7:69:494v]|2=Narrated Abu 'Amir or Abu Malik Al-Ash'ari: that he heard the Prophet saying, "'''From among my followers there will be some people who will consider illegal sexual intercourse, the wearing of silk, the drinking of alcoholic drinks and the use of musical instruments, as lawful'''. And there will be some people who will stay near the side of a mountain and in the evening their shepherd will come to them with their sheep and ask them for something, but they will say to him, 'Return to us tomorrow.' '''Allah will destroy them''' during the night and will let the mountain fall on them, and He will transform the rest of them into monkeys and pigs and they will remain so till the Day of Resurrection."}} | ||
===Sahih Muslim=== | ===Sahih Muslim=== | ||
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Ibn az-Zubayr told that a woman client of theirs took az-Zubayr's daughter to Umar ibn al-Khattab wearing bells on her legs. Umar cut them off and said that he had heard the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) say: There is a devil along with each bell.}} | Ibn az-Zubayr told that a woman client of theirs took az-Zubayr's daughter to Umar ibn al-Khattab wearing bells on her legs. Umar cut them off and said that he had heard the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) say: There is a devil along with each bell.}} | ||
===Al Tirmidhi=== | |||
{{Quote|Al-Tirmidhi, No. 2212|Anas reported that the Prophet said: In this Ummah there will be punishments of earthquakes, showers of stones and deformity; that will be when the people drink khamr, listen to female singers and play musical instruments.}} | |||
==Scholars== | ==Scholars== | ||
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====Fiqh==== | ====Fiqh==== | ||
{{Quote|[http://www.shafiifiqh.com/maktabah/relianceoftraveller.pdf Reliance of the Traveller: A Classic Manual of Islamic Sacred Law]<BR>Ahmad ibn Naqib al-Misri, Edited and Translated by Nuh Ha Mim Keller|MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS | {{Quote|[https://web.archive.org/web/20110612154809/http://www.shafiifiqh.com/maktabah/relianceoftraveller.pdf Reliance of the Traveller: A Classic Manual of Islamic Sacred Law]<BR>Ahmad ibn Naqib al-Misri, Edited and Translated by Nuh Ha Mim Keller|MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS | ||
'''r40.1''' (Ibn Hajar Haytami:) As for the condemnation of musical instruments, flutes, strings, and the like by the Truthful and Trustworthy (Allah bless him and give him peace), who | '''r40.1''' (Ibn Hajar Haytami:) As for the condemnation of musical instruments, flutes, strings, and the like by the Truthful and Trustworthy (Allah bless him and give him peace), who | ||
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====Al Munajjid==== | ====Al Munajjid==== | ||
{{Quote|1=[{{ | {{Quote|1=[{{https://islamqa.info/en/answers/5000/is-music-haram}} Ruling on music, singing and dancing]<BR>Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid, Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 5000|2=Ma’aazif is the plural of mi’zafah, and refers to musical instruments (Fath al-Baari, 10/55), instruments which are played (al-Majmoo’, 11/577). Al-Qurtubi (may Allaah have mercy on him) narrated from al-Jawhari (may Allaah have mercy on him) that ma’aazif means singing. In his Sihaah it says that it means musical instruments. It was also said that it refers to the sound of the instruments. In al-Hawaashi by al-Dimyaati (may Allaah have mercy on him) it says: ma’aazif means drums (dufoof, sing. daff) and other instruments which are struck or beaten (Fath al-Baari, 10/55). | ||
Evidence of prohibition in the Qur’aan and Sunnah: | Evidence of prohibition in the Qur’aan and Sunnah: | ||
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====Al Kawthari==== | ====Al Kawthari==== | ||
{{Quote|1=[http://qa.sunnipath.com/issue_view.asp?HD=1&ID=1786 Music and Singing: A Detailed Fatwa]<BR>Shaykh Muhammad ibn Adam al-Kawthari, SunniPath, Question ID:1786|2=The worst case scenario in the event of being inflicted with a disease is when the one involved refuses to believe that he has been inflicted with that disease. The way this phenomenon is accepted and recognised in diseases and illnesses that affect the physical body, it is also true with regards to spiritual diseases and ailments. | {{Quote|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20130515144829/http://qa.sunnipath.com/issue_view.asp?HD=1&ID=1786 Music and Singing: A Detailed Fatwa]<BR>Shaykh Muhammad ibn Adam al-Kawthari, SunniPath, Question ID:1786|2=The worst case scenario in the event of being inflicted with a disease is when the one involved refuses to believe that he has been inflicted with that disease. The way this phenomenon is accepted and recognised in diseases and illnesses that affect the physical body, it is also true with regards to spiritual diseases and ailments. | ||
When a person commits a sin (may Allah save us all) believing that a sin is being committed and feels regret and remorse in the heart, then this is far better then committing the sin and believing it to be lawful (halal). In the former situation, only one sin is being committed, and it is very likely that the individual may repent out of the remorse felt in the heart. In the latter case, however, in addition to the sin being committed, there is the greater sin of trying to justify it. Normally, such an individual does not receive the guidance to repent from his sin. (May Allah save us all, Ameen). | When a person commits a sin (may Allah save us all) believing that a sin is being committed and feels regret and remorse in the heart, then this is far better then committing the sin and believing it to be lawful (halal). In the former situation, only one sin is being committed, and it is very likely that the individual may repent out of the remorse felt in the heart. In the latter case, however, in addition to the sin being committed, there is the greater sin of trying to justify it. Normally, such an individual does not receive the guidance to repent from his sin. (May Allah save us all, Ameen). | ||
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As far as the songs are concerned, if they consist of anything that is unlawful or they prevent one from the obligatory duties, then they will be unlawful. However, if they are free from the abovementioned things (and they are not accompanied by instruments), then it will be permissible to sing them.}} | As far as the songs are concerned, if they consist of anything that is unlawful or they prevent one from the obligatory duties, then they will be unlawful. However, if they are free from the abovementioned things (and they are not accompanied by instruments), then it will be permissible to sing them.}} | ||
==Shia scholars== | |||
{{Quote|{{cite web|url=http://www.english.shirazi.ir/topics/music |title=Music |publisher= |author=Ayatollah Sayed Sadiq Hussaini al-Shirazi |date= |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703071823/http://www.english.shirazi.ir/topics/music |deadurl=no}}|1. Question: Is music Halaal or Haraam in Islam? | |||
According to the clear hadith from the infallible Imams (AS), '''Music is Haraam. On this basis, the Fatwa (decree) of Ayatollah Imam Muhammad Shirazi is that Music is Haraam. This includes listening to music, playing musical instruments, and buying or selling such instruments. Any kind of music, which would be in the category of being "moving" music, is Haraam. Furthermore, the music that could be categorised as "not moving", but played by the same or similar instruments, is also Haraam. In short, music is Haraam whether or not it could be categorised as "moving". Along the same line, the "music of the human voice", i.e. singing, even without the playing of musical instruments, is also Haraam. This is so, to the extent that even if the Qur'an is recited in a "singing" manner, this action is regarded as Haraam.''' Needles to say, in Islam one is encouraged, according to many hadith, to recite the Qur'an in the "best manner" to the extent that the listener would be touched by it, and that listening to this recitation would create humility in one's heart before Allah (SWT). But this is different from when one is "singing" the Qur'an. It may be asked, "How do we differentiate between the singing of the Qur'an and the recitation or TILAWAH of the Qur'an?" The answer is this is determined by the 'URF which is the "common definition amongst the public" or the "general consensus". If the recitation of the Qur'an is seen as "recitation" and "TILAWAH" then it is Halaal, and if it is seen and regarded as "singing", then that singing of the Qur'an is Haraam. Some may call the sound of sea waves, waterfall, willowing wind, etc. to be music. If this is the case then this kind of "music" is Halaal! Provided that it is not accompanied by the conventional singing or the playing of conventional musical instrument(s). | |||
... | |||
9. Question: What type of listening music is allowed in Islam? | |||
All types of music are Haraam in Islam.}} | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
{{Hub4|Music|Music}} | |||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
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[[Category:QHS]] | [[Category:QHS]] | ||
[[Category:Art and music]] | |||
[[Category:Shariah (Islamic Law)]] | |||
[[Category:Fiqh (legal theory)]] | |||
[[ar:القرآن_والحديث_والعلماء:_الموسيقى]] | |||