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Quran and a Universe from Smoke: Difference between revisions
→Qur'anic Verse in Context: Added paragraph on stars being made before the Earth a scientific error, as well as no differentiation of the creation of stars vs planets, which are both 'lamps' in the sky.
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(→Qur'anic Verse in Context: Have added in a line making the point that once the mystery before the Big Bang occurred, the Quran still has an active creationist one, not matching scientific theories of a natural creation process resulting essentially from the laws of physics during this time.) |
(→Qur'anic Verse in Context: Added paragraph on stars being made before the Earth a scientific error, as well as no differentiation of the creation of stars vs planets, which are both 'lamps' in the sky.) |
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:'''“Have not those who disbelieved known that the heavens and the earth were one connected entity, then We separated them?...” (Quran 21:30)'''}}However, the entire Qur'anic verse nor any of the surrounding verses are quoted. Here is the verse, in its proper context:{{Quote|{{Quran-range|41|9|12}}|9. Say (O Muhammad, unto the idolaters): Disbelieve ye verily in Him Who created the earth in two Days, and ascribe ye unto Him rivals? He (and none else) is the Lord of the Worlds.<BR>10. He placed therein firm hills rising above it, and blessed it and measured therein its sustenance in four Days, alike for (all) who ask;<BR>11. '''Then turned He to the heaven when it was smoke''', and said unto it and unto the earth: Come both of you, willingly or loth. They said: We come, obedient.<BR>12. Then He ordained them seven heavens in two Days and inspired in each heaven its mandate; and We decked the nether heaven with lamps, and rendered it inviolable. That is the measuring of the Mighty, the Knower.}}In verses 9-10, the Qur'an states that Allah created the earth before he created the heavens. It provides a clear chronological account of the earth being formed first and then the hills and sustenance are created upon it. Only after the earth has been created does he look toward the heaven to create the stars. This is made apparent in the second half of verse 11 when Allah speaks to both the heaven and the earth; unless the earth had been created first, how could he speak to it? It is known from radiometric dating that the earth formed about 4.5 billion years ago, almost 9 billion years after the Universe first expanded.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/geotime/age.html |title=Age of the Earth |publisher=U.S. Geological Survey |author=|date= July 9, 2007|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fpubs.usgs.gov%2Fgip%2Fgeotime%2Fage.html&date=2013-12-19|deadurl=no}}</ref> The author of the Qur'an was not aware of this fact and claims that the earth and this "smoke" were in existence at the same time. In verse 12, the Qur'an says it is only then that the stars are created. | :'''“Have not those who disbelieved known that the heavens and the earth were one connected entity, then We separated them?...” (Quran 21:30)'''}}However, the entire Qur'anic verse nor any of the surrounding verses are quoted. Here is the verse, in its proper context:{{Quote|{{Quran-range|41|9|12}}|9. Say (O Muhammad, unto the idolaters): Disbelieve ye verily in Him Who created the earth in two Days, and ascribe ye unto Him rivals? He (and none else) is the Lord of the Worlds.<BR>10. He placed therein firm hills rising above it, and blessed it and measured therein its sustenance in four Days, alike for (all) who ask;<BR>11. '''Then turned He to the heaven when it was smoke''', and said unto it and unto the earth: Come both of you, willingly or loth. They said: We come, obedient.<BR>12. Then He ordained them seven heavens in two Days and inspired in each heaven its mandate; and We decked the nether heaven with lamps, and rendered it inviolable. That is the measuring of the Mighty, the Knower.}}In verses 9-10, the Qur'an states that Allah created the earth before he created the heavens. It provides a clear chronological account of the earth being formed first and then the hills and sustenance are created upon it. Only after the earth has been created does he look toward the heaven to create the stars. This is made apparent in the second half of verse 11 when Allah speaks to both the heaven and the earth; unless the earth had been created first, how could he speak to it? It is known from radiometric dating that the earth formed about 4.5 billion years ago, almost 9 billion years after the Universe first expanded.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/geotime/age.html |title=Age of the Earth |publisher=U.S. Geological Survey |author=|date= July 9, 2007|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fpubs.usgs.gov%2Fgip%2Fgeotime%2Fage.html&date=2013-12-19|deadurl=no}}</ref> The author of the Qur'an was not aware of this fact and claims that the earth and this "smoke" were in existence at the same time. In verse 12, the Qur'an says it is only then that the stars are created. | ||
The Qur'an also describes the process of creation of both the 'heavens', stars, and the Earth and its sustenance as one with continuous active participation from God (i.e., not just for the creation of existence itself), rather than a natural consequence of the rules of physics once the initial universe was created, contrary to modern scientific theories which have mapped out the process (based on physics) from the Big Bang to the present moment.<ref>''[https://science.nasa.gov/mission/webb/early-universe/ Early Universe: Search for the first galaxies or luminous objects that formed after the big bang]''. James Webb Space Telescope. NASA.</ref><ref>''[https://science.nasa.gov/mission/webb/early-universe/ The Big Bang.]'' NASA.</ref> | The Qur'an also describes the process of creation of both the 'heavens', stars, and the Earth and its sustenance as one with continuous active participation from God (i.e., not just for the creation of existence itself), rather than a natural consequence of the rules of physics once the initial universe was created, contrary to modern scientific theories which have mapped out the process (based on physics) from the Big Bang to the present moment.<ref>''[https://science.nasa.gov/mission/webb/early-universe/ Early Universe: Search for the first galaxies or luminous objects that formed after the big bang]''. James Webb Space Telescope. NASA.</ref><ref>''[https://science.nasa.gov/mission/webb/early-universe/ The Big Bang.]'' NASA.</ref> | ||
These verses also states the 'lamps, which are stars, were created/put in the closest heaven after the Earth was already in existence, contrary to scientific consensus that the stars were created first (and are continuously being destroyed and created naturally), with our own sun considered to be a third generation star.<ref>''[https://mobile.arc.nasa.gov/public/iexplore/missions/pages/yss/november.html Formation of the Solar System: Birth of Worlds.]'' Mobile.arc. NASA.</ref> In fact the majority of elements that make up Earth are believed to come from stars.<ref>''[https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/are-we-really-made-of-stardust.html Are we made of stardust?]'' Kerry Lotzof quoting Dr Ashley King. Natural History Museum website. </ref> There is also no differentiation in the process between the creation stars and planets (which formed similarly and at a cosmically similar time to Earth in our solar system) which were both believed to make up the lamps in the sky, as planets were believed to simply be moving stars.<ref>See for example [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Book_of_Fixed_Stars ''The Book of Fixed Stars''] by Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi ~ 964AD. Only after [https://science.nasa.gov/solar-system/moon/galileos-observations-of-the-moon-jupiter-venus-and-the-sun/ Galileo's direct observations] (d. 1642) from his refined telescope did the understanding of them as 'worlds' begin to become more widespread. | |||
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===Correct Arabic Word=== | ===Correct Arabic Word=== | ||
The Arabic word for "gas" is ''gaz'' or ''ghaz'' (غاز), not ''dukhan''. It is this word which should have been used to describe the state of the universe if the above verse were correct. | The Arabic word for "gas" is ''gaz'' or ''ghaz'' (غاز), not ''dukhan''. It is this word which should have been used to describe the state of the universe if the above verse were correct. | ||