Seznam originálních islámských vynálezů, inovací, rekordů a prvenství: Difference between revisions

Mnoho článků (například "Jak islámští vynálezci změnili svět" a "Na pravou míru: Zázrak islámské vědy") uvedlo dokazatelně lživá tvrzení, přivlastňující různé inovace a objevy udělané druhými, islámu a jeho následovatelům. Tento článek vyjmenovává pouze původní islámské/muslimské vynálezy, inovace, rekordy a prvenství.

Vynálezy

Historické

• žlutý odznak, který byl nakonec používán nacisty proti židům, byl vynalezen muslimem chalífou v Bagdádu v devátém století jako varianta zunnār opasku. To se poté rozšířilo do západního světa ve středověku.^[3]
• Podle Dr. K. Ajram, autora "Miracle of Islamic Science", muslimští učenci vynalezli rozdělení na rasy staletí před tím, než němec Johann Friedrich Blumenbach "rozdělil lidstvo na bílé, žluté, hnědé, černé a červené národy".^[4]
• “vojenská hudba” má nejspíše kořeny v Ottomanově armádě, té armádě, která stála za arménskou genocidou, provedenou tureckými vojáky a doprovázející pochodující muslimské dobyvatele do bitvy od šestnáctého století.^[5]

Moderní doba

• První počítačový virus, Brain.a, byl vytvořen v září 1986, dvěma bratry z Lahore, Pákistán, Amjad Farooq Alvi a Basit Farooq Alvi. Vložili do něj svá jména, telefonní čísla a adresy.^[6][7]
• Slovo "genocida"^[8] bylo vytvořeno roku 1943, pro popis systematického zabíjení arménských křesťanů muslimskými turky.^[9][10] Je to široce uznáváno jako jedna z prvních moderních genocid,^[11][12][13] a inspirovala židovský holokaust.^[14]
• V lednu 2013, Irán odkryl svůj nový "amputační stroj" skrze svoji oficiální tiskovou agenturu, INSA. Zařízení se podobá rotační pile a je použito k vykonání šaríjských trestů pro zloděje.^[15][16][17]

Inovace

• "Islámská kravata"; registrovaná íránským právem registrací a patentů, mezi průmyslové dizajny a ochranné známky, je to kravata ve tvaru turecké šavle (jednosečný meč se zahnutou čepelí).^[18]
• "bomba do turbanu"; bomba schovaná v turbanu sebevražedného útočníka. V případě umění, byl tento inovativní způsob použití turbanu poprvé viděn během vzpomínkového obřadu v červenci 2011 pro Ahmeda Wali Karzai v afgánistánské mešitě, ale od té doby byl použit i v dalších sebevražedných útocích.^[19][20]
• "bombové slipy"; popsané jako “vynalézavé” protiteroristickými úředníky, je zařízením, které zahrnuje plastické trhaviny a je nošeno sebevražedným útočníkem namísto běžných slipů. Poprvé použito při letu do Detroitu na Vánoce 2009, al-Qaeda plánovala použít vylepšené slipy v dalším útoku v roce 2012.^[1][2]
• "oslí bomba"; trhavinami naložený oslík, který je odpálen dálkovým ovládáním. Přestože jsou oslí bomby v Afgánistánu vzácné, jsou občas použity povstalci, jako způsob, jak se dostat blíže k cílům.^[21]
• "bomba do zadku"; od vynálezce ‘bombových slipů’, explodující zařízení, které je vloženo do řitního otvoru. Poprvé použito bratrem vynálezce, v útoku, po kterém útočník zemřel a jeho cíl byl jen lehce zraněn. National Security Center říká, že skener celého těla možná není schopný detekovat tyto análně schované bomby. ^[22][23]

Rekordy

Všechny rekordy jsou ozdrojované a korektní v čase vložení.

Zločiny

• 9 of the 11 most corrupt countries in the world (including the top-spot) are all Muslim majorities. None of the top 11 least corrupt countries are Muslim majorities.^[24]
• The only countries that still have beheading as a form of punishment in law are all Muslim majorities; Iran, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen. 151 beheadings were carried out in Saudi Arabia in 2007.^[25][26]
• The only countries that still have amputation as a form of punishment in law are all Muslim majorities; Iran, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Yemen and Muslim majority states of Nigeria.^[27]
• The only countries that still have stoning as a form of punishment in law are all Muslim majorities; Iran, Mauritania, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Yemen, United Arab Emirates, and Muslim majority states of Nigeria. Iran also has the world's highest rate of execution by stoning.^[28]
• The only countries that consider eye-gouging a legitimate judicial punishment are Iran and Saudi Arabia.^[29] This punishment is derived from the Shari'ah principle of Qisas (equality in punishment between Muslims).
• Afghanistan is the world's leading producer of opium. In 2007, 93 percent of all non-medical opium produced originated from the country. In fact, no other country has "ever produced narcotics on such a deadly scale."^[30]
• Afghanistan has around one million heroin and opium addicts out of a population of 30 million, making it the world's top user per capita.^[31]

Katastrofy

• 6 of the 8 countries affected by the 10 most deadly earthquakes in the last 50 years, were populated by a Muslim majority (Indonesia, Turkmenistan, Pakistan, Iran, Turkey and Tajikistan).^[32][33]
• 4 of the 10 most deadly stampedes in human history involved religious Muslims and occurred during various Islamic holy pilgrimages.^[34]
• The 1990 al-Ma'aisim Tunnel Stampede in Mecca was the most deadly peacetime stampede and human crush of all time, killing 1,426 Hajj pilgrims.^{[35] [34]}
• The 2005 stampede during a march to a shrine for a religious festival in Iraq was the 3^rd most deadly stampede in history, killing at least 965 Shi'ite pilgrims.^[36][34]
• The largest oil spill in history (240 to 336 million gallons) was deliberately created by Iraqi forces whilst retreating from Kuwait during the first Gulf War.^[37]

Netolerance

• There are 13 countries in the world where the state can execute you for being atheist. Every single one is officially Islamic, making Islam the world-leader in persecuting atheists.^[38]
• 9 of the top 10 countries that persecute Christians (the most persecuted religious group on earth),^[39] include Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Iran, Maldives, Uzbekistan, Yemen, Iraq and Pakistan. Making Islam the world-leader in persecuting Christians.^[40][41]
• 3 of the 5 most dangerous countries for women (including the top-spot) are Muslim majorities, and in terms of cultural/tribal/religious danger to women, 4 of the 5 most dangerous countries (including the top-spot) are Muslim majorities, making Islam the world-leader in persecuting women.^[42][43]
• The only countries that carry the death penalty for homosexual acts are all Muslim majorities; Iran, Mauritania, Saudi Arabia, Sudan and Yemen.^[44]
• More than 4,000 lesbians and gays have been executed in Iran between 1979-1999 (I.e. since its Islamic revolution). Making Iran the world's leading persecutor of homosexuals.^[45]
• Turkey has more journalists in prison than any other country, almost double that of China and Iran. Making Turkey (a member of NATO and a "showcase" Muslim democracy), in terms of imprisonments, the most repressive country in the world.^[46][47]
• Iran executes more people per capita than any other nation in the world. Reasons include drugs and sexual orientation, and June 2011 reports indicated that up to 63 people were executed in only one week.^[48]
• In 2009, during Israel’s Operation Cast Lead in Gaza, the largest anti-Semitic riots in Norway’s history took place in Oslo. All participants were Muslim.^[49]
• The are more hate crimes against LGBT individuals in Turkey than in any other member of the Council of Europe, and 84 percent of Turks say gays or lesbians are among the groups they would least like living in their area.^[50][51]

Terorismus

• Sunni Muslims have been behind the greatest number of terrorist attacks and fatalities for three consecutive years, accounting for more than 70 percent of all terrorism-related fatalities in 2011, making Islam the world-leader in terrorism.^[52][53]
• With more than 95 percent of all suicide bombing attacks around the world being carried out by Muslims, Islam is a world-leader in producing suicide bombers.^[54]
• 8 out of the 10 most deadliest terror attacks of all time (including the top-five) were carried out by Muslim terrorists (1. 9/11 attacks 2. Mumbai terror attacks 3. Beslan siege 4. Mumbai blasts 5. Madrid train blasts 8. Pan Am flight bombing 9. Bali bombings 10. Beirut barracks bombing).^[55]
• 6 of the least peaceful countries in the world are all Muslim majorities (Afghanistan, Somalia, Syria, Iraq, Sudan and Pakistan), whilst 6 of the most peaceful are all non-Muslim countries (Iceland, Denmark, New Zealand, Austria, Switzerland and Japan).^[56]
• The top ten nations suffering from terrorist attacks are all nations facing Islamic terrorism (Iraq, Pakistan, Afghanistan, India, Yemen, Somalia, Nigeria, Thailand, Russia and Philippines).^[57]
• The youngest suicide bomber ever used in a terrorist attack in Afghanistan was an eight-year-old Muslim girl, and the youngest suicide bomber ever intercepted was a nine-year-old Muslim boy working for the Taliban. He was told that the Qur’an was being burned by Americans, and that the bomb would only kill infidels.^[58][59]
• The September 11, 2001 attacks were the United States and the world's most deadly terrorist attacks. The 19 Muslim aircraft hijackers belonged to the al-Qaida terrorist network. Nearly 3000 people, citizens of 78 countries, were killed.^[60]
• The 2004 Manila ferry bombing by the Rajah Sulaiman Movement was the Philippines' most deadly terrorist attack and the world's most deadly terrorist attack at sea, killing 116 people.^[61][62]
• The 2002 Bali bombings by members of Jemaah Islamiyah was Indonesia's most deadly terrorist attack, killing 202 people (including 88 Australians, and 38 Indonesian citizens), and injuring 240 others.^[63]
• The 2004 Beslan school siege by a group of armed Islamic separatist militants in Russia was the world's most deadly terrorist attack committed against children, killing 337 in total (156 were children).^[64][65] It was also Russia's most deadliest terrorist attack.^[55]
• The 2007 suicide bombing at a public ceremony in Baghlani-jadid, Afghanistan, was the world's second most deadly terrorist attack committed against children, killing 77 in total (61 were children).^[65]
• There were 5 times more suicide attacks by Iraqi groups in 2005 (where more than 400 attacks killed more than 2,000 people) than in the entire 30-year history of the secular Tamil Tigers (77 attacks in total from 1976 to 2006).^[66]

Ženy

• With 91 percent of all honor-related killings around the world being carried out by Muslims, Islam is a world-leader in producing honor killers.^[67]
• All 12 countries with the largest gap in gender equality are countries where Muslims are the majority or Islam is the largest religion (the only country not to have a Muslim majority is Côte d'Ivoire, but Islam is its single largest religion).^[68][69]
• The Maldives, an Islamic country with a 100% Muslim population,^[70] also has the highest divorce rate in the world, with 10.97 divorces per 1,000 inhabitants per year.^[71]
• According to Somayya Jabarti of Arab News, Saudi Arabia has the second highest divorce rate in the world (most divorces occur during the first three years of marriage).^[72]
• The world's most wanted women is a British convert to Islam. She is believed to be the main financier of a major terrorist cell affiliated to al-Shabaab, an al-Qaida-linked group in Somalia.^[73]
• Turkey is the most promiscuous nation on earth, with the average Turk having had 14.5 sexual partners. The world average is 9 sexual partners (Indian and Chinese have had only 3 partners).^[74][75][76]
• The largest human trafficking case in US history involved a sex trafficking ring run by a gang of Somali Muslim immigrants in Tennessee and Minnesota.^[77]
• Indonesia, the world's most populous Muslim country with a population of 246 million, tops the UN bodies list for child trafficking cases (yet measures to protect children against sexual exploitation there "remain weak").^[78]
• 8 of the top 10 countries (including the top-spot) with the highest obesity rates among women are Muslim majorities (Qatar, Saudi Arabia, West Bank and Gaza, Lebanon, Albania, Bahrain, Egypt and the United Arab Emirates).^[79]
• Contrary to popular belief, Saudi Arabia, one of the most strictest Muslim countries in the world, also has one of the highest rape scales in the world.^[80]
• Saudi Arabia is the only country in the world that imposes a state ban on female drivers.^[81] It was also the last country in the world to deny women the right to vote in elections.^[82]
• According to a report by UN Women, Turkey tops Europe and the United States in the number of incidences of violence against women.^[83] More women die from gender-based violence than from cancer, traffic accidents, wars and malaria.^[84]

Prvenství

Netolerance

• Muslims (including Islam's founder, Prophet Muhammad) were the aggressors in the very first religious/military conflicts between Islam and the other two most notable Abrahamic faiths; the Tabuk raid where Christian leaders were forced to pay Jizyah and submit to Islamic rule, and the exile of the Jewish Qaynuqa tribe from Medina.
• The first ever prosecution and conviction in the United Kingdom for inciting hatred on the grounds of sexuality were of three Muslim men who distributed leaflets calling for gay men to be killed. One of the men had said the leaflets – which suggested 3 different ways to murder gay people – simply expressed what Islam says about homosexuality.^[85]
• The first ever arrest-warrant for genocide was issued by the International Criminal Court against Sudan's Muslim President, Omar al-Bashir, who is responsible for the religiously and racially-motivated deaths of millions of people.^[86]
• In 2011, Muslims^[87] attacked young girls, both white and Asian, selling Remembrance Day poppies in the United Kingdom – the first such incidents in the Royal British Legion’s history.^[88][89]
• The 2012 Asian Champions League quarterfinal soccer match between the Egyptian Al Ahly and Iranian Sepahan FC clubs became the first ever match where a live bomb was thrown by fans at the players. The Sepahan midfielder Adel Kolahkaj narrowly escaped losing a limb.^[90]
• The first honor killing in decades to take place in Kolkata, the capital city of the Indian state of West Bengal, involved a Muslim man who publicly beheaded his sister in December 2012 for dishonoring the family through an affair.^[91][92]

Terorismus

• The first ever female European suicide bomber was a Belgian Catholic convert to Islam who detonated her explosive vest amid an American military patrol in the town of Baquba, Iraq, killing herself and wounding only one American soldier.^[93][94][95]
• The first ever suicide bombing in Bangladesh was carried out by a Muslim inside a library near a courthouse, killing seven people and injuring 50 others. The bomber belonged to Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen, a militant group that aims to establish Islamic law in Bangladesh.^[96]
• The first ever suicide bombing in Bulgaria was carried out by a Muslim at a Bulgarian airport, killing seven people and wounding dozens of others. It was in reaction to the assassinations of Iranian nuclear scientists.^[97]
• The first ever suicide bombing in Kazakhstan was carried out by a Muslim at the head office of the state security services in the north-western Kazakh city of Aktobe, killing the bomber and wounding three security services personnel. It was in reaction to arrests of fundamentalist Muslims.^[98]
• The first ever suicide bombing in Mali was carried out by a Muslim, wounding a soldier. A spokesman for the group said "We claim today’s attack against the Malian soldiers who chose the side of the miscreants, the enemies of Islam".^[99]
• The first ever suicide bombing in Mauritania was carried out by a Muslim outside the French embassy, killing the bomber and wounding three people. The reason is not known but Mauritania had recently witnessed a series of terrorist attacks against "Western" interests, including the kidnapping and murder of French tourists and an American teacher by Al-Qaeda.^[100]
• The first ever suicide bombing in Nigeria was carried out by a Muslim belonging to the Boko Haram terrorist group at the Nigeria Police Force headquarters in Abuja, killing the bomber and five others. Boko Haram's stated goal is to establish an Islamic state and implement shari'ah across the country.^{[101][102][103]}
• The first ever suicide bombing in Pakistan was carried out by a Muslim inside a church in Islamabad, killing five and injuring 40 others. It was in opposition to the country's "pro-American ruler" (the dead and injured included American and British women and children).^{[104][105][106]}
• The first ever suicide bombing in Somalia was carried out by a Muslim outside the National Parliament in Baidoa, killing the bomber and five others, but missing Somalia's interim president who was the intended target. It is believed The Union of Islamic Courts (UIC), a group of "Islamist" Shari'ah Courts, were behind the attack.^[107][108]
• The first ever suicide bombing in Sweden was carried out by a Muslim in a central Stockholm district full of Christmas shoppers, killing the bomber and injuring two others. It was in reaction to Swedish troops in Afghanistan and the Swedish artist Lars Vilks' drawings of Muhammad as a roundabout dog.^[109][110]
• The first ever suicide bombing in Tunisia was carried out by a Muslim in the tourist resort of Sousse, killing only the bomber and causing no other injuries or damage to property. He belonged to an Islamist group with ties to al Qaeda.^[111][112]
• The first ever suicide bombings in the United Kingdom were carried out by Muslims aboard 3 London Underground trains and a double-decker bus in Tavistock Square, killing the four bombers, fifty-two civilians and injuring over 700 others. It was in reaction to "perceived injustices by the West against Muslims and a desire for martyrdom".^[113][114]

Obrázková galerie

Viz také

• Seznamy - A hub page that leads to other articles related to Seznamy
• Zlatý věk - A hub page that leads to other articles related to "Zlatý věk"

Externí odkazy

• Islam’s Gifts to the World - A pictorial presentation of some of Islam's great contributions to the world. (satire)

Reference