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The Arabic word وسوس (''waswas'') in various forms appears five times in the Qur'an.
The Arabic word وسوس (''waswas'') in various forms appears five times in the Qur'an.


The first two refer to the story of Adam and Eve. The fa- prefix means "but" or "then".
The first two refer to the story of Adam and Eve. The fa- prefix is a linking particle in Arabic which can have many translations into other languages; its purpose is to help introduce a new clause or idea.
{{Quote|{{Quran|7|20}}|'''But''' the Shaitan '''made an evil suggestion''' (فَوَسْوَسَ, ''fa-waswasa'') to them that he might make manifest to them what had been hidden from them of their evil inclinations, and he said: Your Lord has not forbidden you this tree except that you may not both become two angels or that you may (not) become of the immortals.}}In one instance the Quran says the soul whispers. The tu- simply indicates present tense, 3rd person, feminine, singular verb.
{{Quote|{{Quran|7|20}}|'''But''' the Shaitan '''made an evil suggestion''' (فَوَسْوَسَ, ''fa-waswasa'') to them that he might make manifest to them what had been hidden from them of their evil inclinations, and he said: Your Lord has not forbidden you this tree except that you may not both become two angels or that you may (not) become of the immortals.}}In one instance the Quran says the soul whispers. The tu- simply indicates present tense, 3rd person, feminine, singular verb.
{{Quote|{{Quran|50|16}}|And We have already created man and know what his soul '''whispers''' (تُوَسْوِسُ, ''tuwaswisu'') to him, and We are closer to him than [his] jugular vein}}
{{Quote|{{Quran|50|16}}|And We have already created man and know what his soul '''whispers''' (تُوَسْوِسُ, ''tuwaswisu'') to him, and We are closer to him than [his] jugular vein}}
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{{Quote|Tafsir Al-Jalalayn on 114:4|from the evil of '''the slinking whisperer Satan''' — he is referred to by the name of the action waswasa on account of his repeated engaging in it — who slinks away and recoils from the heart whenever God is mentioned}}
{{Quote|Tafsir Al-Jalalayn on 114:4|from the evil of '''the slinking whisperer Satan''' — he is referred to by the name of the action waswasa on account of his repeated engaging in it — who slinks away and recoils from the heart whenever God is mentioned}}


==Relevant Quotations==
==Qur'an and Hadith on Waswas==
{{Quote|{{Quran|7|20}}|'''But''' the Shaitan '''made an evil suggestion''' (فَوَسْوَسَ, ''fa-waswasa'') to them that he might make manifest to them what had been hidden from them of their evil inclinations, and he said: Your Lord has not forbidden you this tree except that you may not both become two angels or that you may (not) become of the immortals.}}
{{Quote|{{Quran|7|20}}|'''But''' the Shaitan '''made an evil suggestion''' (فَوَسْوَسَ, ''fa-waswasa'') to them that he might make manifest to them what had been hidden from them of their evil inclinations, and he said: Your Lord has not forbidden you this tree except that you may not both become two angels or that you may (not) become of the immortals.}}


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}}


{{Quote|{{Bukhari|3|46|705}}| Narrated Abu Huraira:
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|||2528|darussalam}}| Narrated Abu Huraira:


The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Allah has accepted my invocation to forgive what whispers in the hearts of my followers, unless they put it to action or utter it."}}
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Allah has accepted my invocation to forgive what whispers in the hearts of my followers, unless they put it to action or utter it."}}


{{Quote|{{Bukhari|8|78|657}}| Narrated Abu Huraira:
{{Quote|{{Bukhari|||6664|darussalam}}| Narrated Abu Huraira:


The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Allah forgives my followers those (evil deeds) their souls may whisper or suggest to them as long as they do not act (on it) or speak."}}
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Allah forgives my followers those (evil deeds) their souls may whisper or suggest to them as long as they do not act (on it) or speak."}}
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Some people asked the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) about soothsayers. He (ﷺ) said, "They are of no account." Upon this they said to him, "O Messenger of Allah! But they sometimes make true predictions." Thereupon the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "That is a word pertaining to truth which a jinn snatches (from the angels) and whispers into the ears of his friend (the soothsayers) who will then mix more than a hundred lies with it."}}
Some people asked the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) about soothsayers. He (ﷺ) said, "They are of no account." Upon this they said to him, "O Messenger of Allah! But they sometimes make true predictions." Thereupon the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "That is a word pertaining to truth which a jinn snatches (from the angels) and whispers into the ears of his friend (the soothsayers) who will then mix more than a hundred lies with it."}}


{{Quote|{{Muslim|1|239}}|
{{Quote|{{Muslim||132a|reference}}|
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that some people from amongst the Companions of the Apostle (ﷺ) came to him and said:
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that some people from amongst the Companions of the Apostle (ﷺ) came to him and said:
Verily we perceive in our minds that which every one of us considers it too grave to express. He (the Holy Prophet) said: Do you really perceive it? They said: Yes. Upon this he remarked: That is the faith manifest.}}
Verily we perceive in our minds that which every one of us considers it too grave to express. He (the Holy Prophet) said: Do you really perceive it? They said: Yes. Upon this he remarked: That is the faith manifest.}}
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The scientific method, which forms the cornerstone of modern and western culture and technology, generally encourages questioning of authority and received wisdom. In contrast, Sahih Muslim says of questioning the received ideas of god from Islamic theology:  
The scientific method, which forms the cornerstone of modern and western culture and technology, generally encourages questioning of authority and received wisdom. In contrast, Sahih Muslim says of questioning the received ideas of god from Islamic theology:  


{{Quote|{{Muslim|1|244}}| It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the Messenger of Allah may peace be upon him) observed:
{{Quote|{{Muslim||134c|reference}}| It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the Messenger of Allah may peace be upon him) observed:
The Satan comes to everyone of you and says: Who created this and that? till he questions: Who created your Lord? When he comes to that, one should seek refuge in Allah and keep away (from such idle thoughts).}}
The Satan comes to everyone of you and says: Who created this and that? till he questions: Who created your Lord? When he comes to that, one should seek refuge in Allah and keep away (from such idle thoughts).}}


In stark contrast to the ethos of the scientific method, this hadith attributes questions about the received knowledge of Islamic philosophy to the villainy of satan. Whereas a person from a more modern cultural background might see such doubt of recieved knowledge as normal and even healthy, people from Muslim cultural backgrounds are often taught that this doubt comes directly from Satan whispering into their ears. There are thus in the modern world many instances of believers trying to "cure" themselves from waswas <ref>Just Google "waswas".</ref>, what might be otherwise considered as normal doubts one might have about a received religious or cultural tradition. The basic treatment method is ''ruqya'' - exorcism. Verses from the Qur'an are recited on the "processed" Muslim. There is also a possibility of self-ruqya <ref>http://www.aburuqya.com/self-ruqya</ref>, where Muslim tries to get rid of waswas by praying and reading the Qur'an (and other practices).
In stark contrast to the ethos of the scientific method, this hadith attributes questions about the received knowledge of Islamic philosophy to the villainy of satan. Whereas a person from a more modern cultural background might see such doubt of received knowledge as normal and even healthy, people from Muslim cultural backgrounds are often taught that this doubt comes directly from Satan whispering into their ears. There are thus in the modern world many instances of believers trying to "cure" themselves from waswas <ref>Just Google "waswas".</ref>, what might be otherwise considered as normal doubts one might have about a received religious or cultural tradition. The basic treatment method is ''ruqya'' - exorcism. Verses from the Qur'an are recited on the "processed" Muslim. There is also a possibility of self-ruqya <ref>http://www.aburuqya.com/self-ruqya</ref>, where Muslim tries to get rid of waswas by praying and reading the Qur'an (and other practices).


==Psychology==
==Psychology==
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[[Category:Pre-Islamic Arabia]]
[[Category:Pre-Islamic Arabia]]
[[Category:Revelation]]
[[Category:Revelation]]
[[ar:وسواس]]
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