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-{{QualityScore|Lead=3|Structure=2|Content=2|Language=1|References=1}}
+{{QualityScore|Lead=3|Structure=2|Content=2|Language=4|References=1}}
 [[File:Praying towards the Ka'aba.JPG|right|thumb|250px|'''Top-left:''' Due to the sphericity of the earth, a prayer in any direction will point towards the sky/outer-space, not Mecca.<BR>'''Top-right:''' People who are located on the opposite 'side' of the earth would have to pray vertically down towards the center of the earth, and would also blaspheme against Allah, because they defecate toward the direction of the Ka'aba when they answer the call of nature. <BR>'''Bottom-left:''' If we use the traditional Muslim method of determining qiblah (i.e. a great circle) this would still be blasphemous because you would be simultaneously praying with your face and backside aimed towards the Ka'aba. <BR>'''Bottom-right:''' There is one point on the opposite 'side' of the earth where any direction for all 360 degrees would be facing 'towards' Mecca and consequently, there would be no one direction that would be the correct one.]]
 '''Salāh''' or '''salāt''' (صلاة) is one of the [[Five Pillars of Islam]]. It is the practice of formal [[prayers|prayer]] in [[Islam]], and is compulsory ([[fard]]) for all Muslims. It is a ritual prayer, having prescribed conditions, procedures, and times. Muslims must wash before prayer; this washing is called [[Ablution|wudu]] ("purification").
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 ==Direction of Prayer==
-According to the Qur'an<ref>"''We have seen the turning of thy face to heaven (for guidance, O Muhammad). And now verily We shall make thee turn (in prayer) toward a qiblah which is dear to thee. So turn thy face toward the Inviolable Place of Worship, and ye (O Muslims), wheresoever ye may be, turn your faces (when ye pray) toward it...''" - {{Quran|2|144}}</ref> Muslims must pray towards the [[Kaaba|Ka'aba]] (qiblah being the direction that one has to face in order to do this). If the [[earth were flat| earth was flat]], this results in the problems such as[[The Ramadan Pole Paradox|one of the problems]], a problem which can be obviated inside of the text if it is understood to believe in a flat earth.
+According to the Qur'an<ref>"''We have seen the turning of thy face to heaven (for guidance, O Muhammad). And now verily We shall make thee turn (in prayer) toward a qiblah which is dear to thee. So turn thy face toward the Inviolable Place of Worship, and ye (O Muslims), wheresoever ye may be, turn your faces (when ye pray) toward it...''" - {{Quran|2|144}}</ref> Muslims must pray towards the [[Kaaba|Ka'aba]] (qiblah being the direction that one has to face in order to do this). If the [[Islamic Views on the Shape of the Earth|earth were flat]], this results in the problems such as[[The Ramadan Pole Paradox]], a problem which can be avoid if the text is understood to speak of a flat earth.
 ===Problems===
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 ===Children===
-According to the Islamic prophet [[Muhammad]], a [[children|child]] should be commanded to pray at the age of seven, and be beaten for prayer when they reach the age of ten.<ref>"''Narrated As-Saburah: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Command a boy to pray when he reaches the age of seven years. When he becomes ten years old, then beat him for prayer.''" - {{Abu Dawud|2|494}}</ref><ref>"''Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-'As: The Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Command your children to pray when they become seven years old, and beat them for it (prayer) when they become ten years old; and arrange their beds (to sleep) separately.''" - {{Abu Dawud|2|495}}</ref>
+According to the Islamic prophet [[Muhammad]], a child should be commanded to pray at the age of seven, and be beaten for prayer when they reach the age of ten.<ref>"''Narrated As-Saburah: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Command a boy to pray when he reaches the age of seven years. When he becomes ten years old, then beat him for prayer.''" - {{Abu Dawud||494|darussalam}}</ref><ref>"''Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-'As: The Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Command your children to pray when they become seven years old, and beat them for it (prayer) when they become ten years old; and arrange their beds (to sleep) separately.''" - {{Abu Dawud||495|darussalam}}</ref>
 This has often resulted in the abuse of children by Muslim parents, guardians and teachers for not praying/reciting the Qur'an. For example, in Muslim-majority countries like Bangladesh<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-17938519|title= Bangladesh teacher 'burns' legs of girl pupils|publisher= BBC News|author= Anbarasan Ethirajan|date= May 3, 2012 |archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-17938519&date=2013-08-26|deadurl=no}}</ref> and Saudi Arabia,<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.emirates247.com/crime/region/5-year-old-student-lashed-by-teacher-2012-05-03-1.457038|title= 5-year-old student lashed by teacher|publisher= Emirates 24/7|author= |date= May 3, 2012|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.emirates247.com%2Fcrime%2Fregion%2F5-year-old-student-lashed-by-teacher-2012-05-03-1.457038&date=2013-08-26|deadurl=no}}</ref> and even in non-Muslim countries like the United Kingdom,<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-15256764|title= Child abuse claims at UK madrassas 'tip of iceberg'|publisher= BBC News|author= Fran Abrams|date= October 18, 2011|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-15256764&date=2011-10-18|deadurl=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://zeenews.india.com/news/world/uk-muslim-beat-girl-for-not-reading-enough-quran-jailed_782125.html|title= UK: Muslim beat girl for not reading enough Quran, jailed|publisher= ZeeNews|author= |date= June 16, 2012|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fzeenews.india.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fuk-muslim-beat-girl-for-not-reading-enough-quran-jailed_782125.html&date=2013-08-26|deadurl=no}}</ref> Italy<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.ansa.it/web/notizie/rubriche/english/2012/03/30/visualizza_new.html_158869129.html|title= Supreme court sentences non-Italian father for child abuse|publisher= ANSA|author= |date= March 30, 2012|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ansa.it%2Fweb%2Fnotizie%2Frubriche%2Fenglish%2F2012%2F03%2F30%2Fvisualizza_new.html_158869129.html&date=2013-08-26|deadurl=no}}</ref> and  Canada where a 13-year-old girl was killed by her father for not praying.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.montrealgazette.com/life/Longueuil+girl+dies+after+father+slapped/3653632/story.html |title= Longueuil girl, 13 dies after father slapped her|publisher= The Montreal Gazette |author= René Bruemmer|date= October 11, 2010|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20101015025541%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.montrealgazette.com%2Flife%2FLongueuil%2Bgirl%2Bdies%2Bafter%2Bfather%2Bslapped%2F3653632%2Fstory.html&date=2013-08-26|deadurl=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/10/11/Slapped-teen-girl-dies-post-coma/UPI-43371286832521/|title= Slapped teen girl dies post coma|publisher= UPI|author= |date= October 11, 2010|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.upi.com%2FTop_News%2FWorld-News%2F2010%2F10%2F11%2FSlapped-teen-girl-dies-post-coma%2FUPI-43371286832521%2F&date=2013-08-26|deadurl=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.vancouversun.com/news/Girl+dies+after+being+slapped+father+faces+charges/3654887/story.html|title= Girl, 13, dies after being slapped; father faces charges|publisher= The Vancouver Sun|author= René Bruemmer & Max Harrold|date= October 11, 2010|archiveurl= http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20101017124547%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.vancouversun.com%2Fnews%2FGirl%2Bdies%2Bafter%2Bbeing%2Bslapped%2Bfather%2Bfaces%2Bcharges%2F3654887%2Fstory.html&date=2013-08-26|deadurl=yes}}</ref>
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 ===Missing Prayers===
-Muhammad once commanded a call-maker to lead the prayer, then "take a fire flame to burn all those who had not left their houses so far for the prayer along with their houses."<ref>"''Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet said, "No prayer is harder for the hypocrites than the Fajr and the 'Isha' prayers and if they knew the reward for these prayers at their respective times, they would certainly present themselves (in the mosques) even if they had to crawl." The Prophet added, "Certainly I decided to order the Mu'adh-dhin (call-maker) to pronounce Iqama and order a man to lead the prayer and then take a fire flame to burn all those who had not left their houses so far for the prayer along with their houses."''" - {{Bukhari|1|11|626}}</ref> An old man who refused to prostrate in prayer was also "killed as a non-believer."<ref>"''Narrated 'Abdullah bin Masud : The Prophet recited Suratan-Najm (103) at Mecca and prostrated while reciting it and those who were with him did the same except an old man who took a handful of small stones or earth and lifted it to his forehead and said, "This is sufficient for me." Later on, I saw him killed as a non-believer.''" - {{Bukhari|2|19|173}}</ref><ref>"''Narrated 'Abdullah bin Masud: The Prophet recited Surat-an-Najm (53) and prostrated while reciting it and all the people prostrated and a man amongst the people took a handful of stones or earth and raised it to his face and said, "This is sufficient for me." Later on I saw him killed as a non-believer.''" - {{Bukhari|2|19|176}}</ref>
+Muhammad once commanded a call-maker to lead the prayer, then "take a fire flame to burn all those who had not left their houses so far for the prayer along with their houses."<ref>"''Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet said, "No prayer is harder for the hypocrites than the Fajr and the 'Isha' prayers and if they knew the reward for these prayers at their respective times, they would certainly present themselves (in the mosques) even if they had to crawl." The Prophet added, "Certainly I decided to order the Mu'adh-dhin (call-maker) to pronounce Iqama and order a man to lead the prayer and then take a fire flame to burn all those who had not left their houses so far for the prayer along with their houses."''" - {{Bukhari|||657|darussalam}}</ref> An old man who mocked the prayer was also "killed as a non-believer."<ref>"''Narrated 'Abdullah bin Masud : The Prophet recited Suratan-Najm (103) at Mecca and prostrated while reciting it and those who were with him did the same except an old man who took a handful of small stones or earth and lifted it to his forehead and said, "This is sufficient for me." Later on, I saw him killed as a non-believer.''" - {{Bukhari|||1067|darussalam}}</ref><ref>"''Narrated 'Abdullah bin Masud: The Prophet recited Surat-an-Najm (53) and prostrated while reciting it and all the people prostrated and a man amongst the people took a handful of stones or earth and raised it to his face and said, "This is sufficient for me." Later on I saw him killed as a non-believer.''" - {{Bukhari|||1070|darussalam}}</ref>
 ===Passing Women===
-It was reported by [[Aisha]] in several [[sahih]] hadith that Muhammad said, "Prayer is annulled by a dog, a donkey and a woman (if they pass in front of the praying people)." She also protested about how this rule equated women to [[animals]].<ref>"''Narrated 'Aisha: The things which annul the prayers were mentioned before me. They said, "Prayer is annulled by a dog, a donkey and a woman (if they pass in front of the praying people)." I said, "You have made us (i.e. women) dogs. I saw the Prophet praying while I used to lie in my bed between him and the Qibla. Whenever I was in need of something, I would slip away. for I disliked to face him."''" - {{Bukhari|1|9|490}}</ref><ref>"''Narrated 'Aisha: The things which annual prayer were mentioned before me (and those were): a dog, a donkey and a woman. I said, "You have compared us (women) to donkeys and dogs. By Allah! I saw the Prophet praying while I used to lie in (my) bed between him and the Qibla. Whenever I was in need of something, I disliked to sit and trouble the Prophet. So, I would slip away by the side of his feet."''" - {{Bukhari|1|9|493}}</ref>
+It was reported by [[Aisha]] in several [[sahih]] hadith that Muhammad said, "Prayer is annulled by a dog, a donkey and a woman (if they pass in front of the praying people)." She also protested about how this rule equated women to [[animals]].<ref>"''Narrated 'Aisha: The things which annul the prayers were mentioned before me. They said, "Prayer is annulled by a dog, a donkey and a woman (if they pass in front of the praying people)." I said, "You have made us (i.e. women) dogs. I saw the Prophet praying while I used to lie in my bed between him and the Qibla. Whenever I was in need of something, I would slip away. for I disliked to face him."''" - {{Bukhari|||511|darussalam}}</ref><ref>"''Narrated 'Aisha: The things which annual prayer were mentioned before me (and those were): a dog, a donkey and a woman. I said, "You have compared us (women) to donkeys and dogs. By Allah! I saw the Prophet praying while I used to lie in (my) bed between him and the Qibla. Whenever I was in need of something, I disliked to sit and trouble the Prophet. So, I would slip away by the side of his feet."''" - {{Bukhari|||514|darussalam}}</ref>
 ==Friday Prayers==
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 =====Netherlands=====
-In the [[Netherlands]], mosque attendance is actually dropping faster than church attendance. In 1998, 47 percent of Muslims would attend mosque at least once a month. This figure fell by 12 percent in 2008 to only 35 percent. Whilst church attendance for Catholics fell by only 8 percent, and church attendance amongst Protestants showed no change, remaining at 63 percent.<ref>Jeroen Langelaar - [{{Reference archive|1=http://www.elsevier.nl/web/10242197/Nieuws/Nederland/Steeds-minder-Nederlanders-naar-kerk-of-moskee.htm|2=2011-07-05}} Steeds minder Nederlanders naar kerk of moskee] - Elsevier, July 29, 2009</ref>
+In the Netherlands, mosque attendance is actually dropping faster than church attendance. In 1998, 47 percent of Muslims would attend mosque at least once a month. This figure fell by 12 percent in 2008 to only 35 percent. Whilst church attendance for Catholics fell by only 8 percent, and church attendance amongst Protestants showed no change, remaining at 63 percent.<ref>Jeroen Langelaar - [{{Reference archive|1=http://www.elsevier.nl/web/10242197/Nieuws/Nederland/Steeds-minder-Nederlanders-naar-kerk-of-moskee.htm|2=2011-07-05}} Steeds minder Nederlanders naar kerk of moskee] - Elsevier, July 29, 2009</ref>
 ====United Kingdom====