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Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Fasaad(Corruption): Difference between revisions
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Fasaad (فساد) in Arabic means corruption or degeneration. It is often translated as "mischief" in Islamic scriptures and is used to designate the evil deeds of both men and supernatural entities. | Fasaad (فساد) in Arabic means corruption or degeneration. It is often translated as "mischief" or "ruin" in Islamic scriptures and is used to designate the evil deeds of both men and supernatural entities. A general characteristic of fasād is the inversion of divine order in the world.<ref>''afsada'' - Nicolai Sinai, "Key Terms of the Quran", Princeton University Press, pp. 552-7, 2017</ref> | ||
===Disputing Islam | ==Quran== | ||
===Quranic scope of fasād=== | |||
====Disputing Islam==== | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran-range|3|60|63}}|The Truth (comes) from Allah alone; so be not of those who doubt. '''If any one disputes in this matter with thee''', now after (full) knowledge Hath come to thee, say: "Come! let us gather together,- our sons and your sons, our women and your women, ourselves and yourselves: Then let us earnestly pray, and invoke the curse of Allah on those who lie!" This is the true account: There is no god except Allah; and Allah-He is indeed the Exalted in Power, the Wise. But if they turn back, '''Allah hath full knowledge of those who do mischief.'''}}{{Quote|{{Quran|27|13-14}}|But when Our Signs came to them, that should have opened their eyes, they said: "This is sorcery manifest!" | {{Quote|{{Quran-range|3|60|63}}|The Truth (comes) from Allah alone; so be not of those who doubt. '''If any one disputes in this matter with thee''', now after (full) knowledge Hath come to thee, say: "Come! let us gather together,- our sons and your sons, our women and your women, ourselves and yourselves: Then let us earnestly pray, and invoke the curse of Allah on those who lie!" This is the true account: There is no god except Allah; and Allah-He is indeed the Exalted in Power, the Wise. But if they turn back, '''Allah hath full knowledge of those who do mischief.'''}}{{Quote|{{Quran|27|13-14}}|But when Our Signs came to them, that should have opened their eyes, they said: "This is sorcery manifest!" | ||
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And they rejected those Signs in iniquity and arrogance, though their souls were convinced thereof: '''so see what was the end of those who acted corruptly!'''}} | And they rejected those Signs in iniquity and arrogance, though their souls were convinced thereof: '''so see what was the end of those who acted corruptly!'''}} | ||
===Rejecting Allah | ====Rejecting Allah==== | ||
{{Quote|{{Quran|7|103}}|Then after them We sent Moses with Our signs to Pharaoh and his chiefs, but they wrongfully rejected them: So see what was the end of those who made mischief.}} | {{Quote|{{Quran|7|103}}|Then after them We sent Moses with Our signs to Pharaoh and his chiefs, but they wrongfully rejected them: So see what was the end of those who made mischief.}} | ||
=== | ====Disbelievers who divert from the way of Allah cause corruption==== | ||
{{Quote|{{Quran|16|88}}|Those who disbelieved and averted [others] from the way of Allah - We will increase them in punishment over [their] punishment for what corruption they were causing.}} | |||
====Kings ruining and humbling conquered cities==== | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|27|34}}|She said, "Indeed kings - when they enter a city, they ruin it and render the honored of its people humbled. And thus do they do.}} | |||
====Multiple gods would have ruined heaven and earth==== | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|21|22}}|Had there been within the heavens and earth gods besides Allah, they both would have been ruined. So exalted is Allah, Lord of the Throne, above what they describe.}} | |||
====Allah saves earth from ruin by having one people defeat another==== | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|2|251}}|So they defeated them by permission of Allah, and David killed Goliath, and Allah gave him the kingship and prophethood and taught him from that which He willed. And if it were not for Allah checking [some] people by means of others, the earth would have been corrupted, but Allah is full of bounty to the worlds.}} | |||
====Mankind were bound to cause corruption and shed blood==== | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|2|30}}|And [mention, O Muhammad], when your Lord said to the angels, "Indeed, I will make upon the earth a successive authority." They said, "Will You place upon it one who causes corruption therein and sheds blood, while we declare Your praise and sanctify You?" Allah said, "Indeed, I know that which you do not know."}} | |||
====Linked to dishonest weighing==== | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|7|85}}|And to [the people of] Madyan [We sent] their brother Shu'ayb. He said, "O my people, worship Allah; you have no deity other than Him. There has come to you clear evidence from your Lord. So fulfill the measure and weight and do not deprive people of their due and cause not corruption upon the earth after its reformation. That is better for you, if you should be believers.}} | |||
====Linked to theft==== | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|12|73}}|They said, "By Allah, you have certainly known that we did not come to cause corruption in the land, and we have not been thieves."}} | |||
====Refusing command to fight==== | |||
{{Quote|{{Quran|47|22}}|So would you perhaps, if you turned away, cause corruption on earth and sever your [ties of] relationship?}} | |||
===Punishment for corruption on Earth is being death, crucifixion, or double amputation=== | |||
{{quote | {{Quran|5|32}} | | {{quote | {{Quran|5|32}} | | ||
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33. The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His messenger and strive to make mischief in the land is only this, that they should be murdered or crucified or their hands and their feet should be cut off on opposite sides or they should be imprisoned; this shall be as a disgrace for them in this world, and in the hereafter they shall have a grievous chastisement, }} | 33. The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His messenger and strive to make mischief in the land is only this, that they should be murdered or crucified or their hands and their feet should be cut off on opposite sides or they should be imprisoned; this shall be as a disgrace for them in this world, and in the hereafter they shall have a grievous chastisement, }} | ||
==Hadith== | |||
{{quote | {{Abu Dawud||2515|darussalam}} | Narrated Mu'adh ibn Jabal: | {{quote | {{Abu Dawud||2515|darussalam}} | Narrated Mu'adh ibn Jabal: | ||
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The verse "The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His Apostle, and strive with might and main for mischief through the land is execution, or crucifixion, or the cutting off of hands and feet from opposite side or exile from the land...most merciful" was revealed about polytheists. If any of them repents before they are arrested, it does not prevent from inflicting on him the prescribed punishment which he deserves. }} | The verse "The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His Apostle, and strive with might and main for mischief through the land is execution, or crucifixion, or the cutting off of hands and feet from opposite side or exile from the land...most merciful" was revealed about polytheists. If any of them repents before they are arrested, it does not prevent from inflicting on him the prescribed punishment which he deserves. }} | ||
==Scholars== | |||
{{quote |1=[https://quranx.com/Tafsir/Kathir/2.11 The Meaning of Mischief]<BR>Tafsir Ibn Kathir on Surah al-Baqarah 2:11| 2= | {{quote |1=[https://quranx.com/Tafsir/Kathir/2.11 The Meaning of Mischief]<BR>Tafsir Ibn Kathir on Surah al-Baqarah 2:11| 2= | ||
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(And when it is said to them: "Do not make mischief on the earth,''), means, "Do not commit acts of disobedience on the earth. Their mischief is disobeying Allah, because whoever disobeys Allah on the earth, or commands that Allah be disobeyed, he has committed mischief on the earth. Peace on both the earth and in the heavens is ensured (and earned) through obedience (to Allah).'' Ar-Rabi` bin Anas and Qatadah said similarly.}} | (And when it is said to them: "Do not make mischief on the earth,''), means, "Do not commit acts of disobedience on the earth. Their mischief is disobeying Allah, because whoever disobeys Allah on the earth, or commands that Allah be disobeyed, he has committed mischief on the earth. Peace on both the earth and in the heavens is ensured (and earned) through obedience (to Allah).'' Ar-Rabi` bin Anas and Qatadah said similarly.}} | ||
=References= | |||
{{reflist}} | |||
[[Category:QHS]] | |||