Uthman ibn Affan

Uthman was the third caliph of the Islamic State, following Abu Bakr. A companion of the prophet, Uthman was married to Muhammad's daughter Ruqayya and was close to him during his time in Medina, although the tradition seems to indicate he was not at the Battle of Badr. Taking over the caliphate from his predecessor Umar, Uthman continued the expansion of the jihad state though not in as spectacular a fashion as his predecessor. A man enamored of pomp and luxury, his favoring of his own family and clan for governorships of the newly conquered territory would set the stage for later conflicts within the Muslim caliphate and ummah. He also undertook as standardization of the text of the Qur'an which involved burning variant readings not approved by his government. He was succeeded as caliph following his death by Ali.