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Child Marriage in the Qur'an: Difference between revisions
→Linguistic Analysis of Verse in Arabic
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The transliteration of the verse and the meaning of each portion of the verse is given below: | The transliteration of the verse and the meaning of each portion of the verse is given below: | ||
''واللائي لم يحضن" فعدتهن ثلاثة أشهر'' | |||
''Wa Al-Lā'ī Lam Yaĥiđna'' | ''Wa Al-Lā'ī Lam Yaĥiđna'' | ||
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''Yaĥiđna'' comes from the verbal root H-Y-D ( <font size="4">حيض</font> ) which means "to menstruate". | ''Yaĥiđna'' comes from the verbal root H-Y-D ( <font size="4">حيض</font> ) which means "to menstruate". | ||
The addition of prefix "Ya" and suffix "na" to the root "HYD" shows that the word is used in used in third person, feminine gender, plural, imperfective aspect.<ref>[[w:Arabic grammar|Arabic grammar]] - Wikipedia</ref> | The addition of prefix "Ya" and suffix "na" to the root "HYD" shows that the word is used in used in third person, feminine gender, plural, imperfective aspect, jussive mood.<ref>[[w:Arabic grammar|Arabic grammar]] - Wikipedia</ref> | ||
The imperfective aspect, according to traditional understanding of classical Arabic grammar, by itself lacks any tense feature (as is true of other classical Semetic languages such as Hebrew). <ref name="EB" /> The tensed negatives like ''lam'' ( <font size="3">لَمْ </font> ) (negation in past tense), ''lan'' ( <font size="3">لن</font> ) (negation in future tense), ''laa'' ( <font size="3">لَ</font> ) (negation in present tense) combined with imperfective (in different moods) to decide the tense in this case. | The imperfective aspect, according to traditional understanding of classical Arabic grammar, by itself lacks any tense feature (as is true of other classical Semetic languages such as Hebrew). <ref name="EB" /> The tensed negatives like ''lam'' ( <font size="3">لَمْ </font> ) (negation in past tense), ''lan'' ( <font size="3">لن</font> ) (negation in future tense), ''laa'' ( <font size="3">لَ</font> ) (negation in present tense) combined with imperfective (in different moods) to decide the tense in this case. | ||
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The exact translation of this portion of {{Quran|65|4}} is thus ''"Not menstruated yet"'' ( <font size="4">لَمْ يَحِضْنَ</font> ). In Arabic, the menstruation process is called HaiD( <font size="4">حيض</font> ), and the verb for "to menstruate" is yaHiD( <font size="4">يَحِض</font> ), with the noun likely being derivative of the verb (as with most but not all derivations in Arabic). The LAM ( <font size="4">لَمْ </font> )clearly shows that the verb refers to women who menstruated, and the na ( <font size="4">نَ</font> ) at the end of the verb drives home the point that this verb speaks of women. “Not menstruated yet” or some similar translation is the only acceptable English translation. | The exact translation of this portion of {{Quran|65|4}} is thus ''"Not menstruated yet"'' ( <font size="4">لَمْ يَحِضْنَ</font> ). In Arabic, the menstruation process is called HaiD( <font size="4">حيض</font> ), and the verb for "to menstruate" is yaHiD( <font size="4">يَحِض</font> ), with the noun likely being derivative of the verb (as with most but not all derivations in Arabic). The LAM ( <font size="4">لَمْ </font> )clearly shows that the verb refers to women who menstruated, and the na ( <font size="4">نَ</font> ) at the end of the verb drives home the point that this verb speaks of women. “Not menstruated yet” or some similar translation is the only acceptable English translation. | ||
This verse 65:4 is read by the tafsirs as a continuation of Qur'an 33:49. | This verse 65:4 is read by the tafsirs as a continuation of Qur'an 33:49. A question that naturally arises from these verses, and which was more or less answered by the mufassiruun, is 'if a woman who has not had sex should not have to observe any Iddah at all, as mentioned in 33:49, what is the reason for the prescribed 'Iddah for those women who have not yet menstruated?' The seems to be that marrying pre-pubescent girls and having sex with them is sanctioned by the Qur'an. | ||
The phrase found in Qur'an 65:4 as "wallaee lam yaHiDhna" واللائي لم يحضن is sometimes mistranslated by [[apologists]] | The phrase found in Qur'an 65:4 as "wallaee lam yaHiDhna" واللائي لم يحضن is sometimes mistranslated by [[apologists]] by apologists to mask the fact that pre-pubescent girls are normally understood as the intended meaning here; the exact meaning of the phrase is clearly understood this way in the [[Tafsir]]<nowiki/>s. | ||
==Tafsirs of the Verse== | ==Tafsirs of the Verse== | ||