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In many modern cultures, a Genie is portrayed as a magical being that grants wishes. The earliest of such jinn stories in folklore originate in the book of the ''One Thousand and One Nights''<ref>[http://classiclit.about.com/library/bl-etexts/arabian/bl-arabian-jinni.htm The Fisherman and the Jinni] - from The Arabian Nights, translated by Sir Richard Burton in 1850</ref>, but the idea of jinns granting magical acts through black magic to sorcerers was a well-established in pre-Islamic Arabia (and Islam confirmed this). | In many modern cultures, a Genie is portrayed as a magical being that grants wishes. The earliest of such jinn stories in folklore originate in the book of the ''One Thousand and One Nights''<ref>[http://classiclit.about.com/library/bl-etexts/arabian/bl-arabian-jinni.htm The Fisherman and the Jinni] - from The Arabian Nights, translated by Sir Richard Burton in 1850</ref>, but the idea of jinns granting magical acts through black magic to sorcerers was a well-established in pre-Islamic Arabia (and Islam confirmed this). | ||
Supposed jinn possessions and exorcisms have been recorded in the UK in the 21st century<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-20357997 Possession, Jinn and Britain's backstreet exorcists] - BBC website, 19 December 2012</ref> as have services to remove jinn (among other Islamic superstitions such as [[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Witchcraft and the Occult|Evil Eye affliction, Envy, and Black Magic]]).<ref>For example, https://sincerityruqyah.co.uk and https://www.hijamainlondon.com/jinn-ashiq</ref> | |||
==Relevant Quotations== | ==Relevant Quotations== |