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 The '''Qur'ān''' (القرآن) is the central religious text of [[Islam]]. Muslims believe the Qur'an to be the book of divine guidance and direction for mankind. They also consider the text in its original [[Arabic]], to be the literal word of [[Allah]]<ref>[{{Quran-url-only|2|23}} Qur'ān, Chapter 2, Verses 23-24]</ref> revealed by the angel Jibreel ([[Gabriel]]) to [[Muhammad]] over a period of twenty-three years<ref>''Living Religions: An Encyclopaedia of the World's Faiths,'' Mary Pat Fisher, 1997, page 338,  I.B. Tauris Publishers, </ref><ref>[{{Quran-url-only|17|106}} Qur'an, Chapter 17, Verse 106]</ref>, and view the Qur'an as God's final revelation.<ref>[{{Quran-url-only|33|40}} Qur'an, Chapter 33, Verse 40]</ref><ref>Watton, Victor, (1993), ''A student's approach to world religions:Islam'', Hodder & Stoughton, pg 1. ISBN 0-340-58795-4</ref>
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 ==== Saj' and pre-Islamic poetry ====
-Van Putten (2016) notes that while there are differences in style in the Qur'an from typical formal pre-Islamic Classical Arabic poetry as recorded in Islamic tradition (which we often can't be certain if it actually pre-Islamic or even in a dialect similar to that of the Quran), which adheres strictly to a quantitative meter, confirmed pre-Islamic Arabian inscriptions such as the En Avdat text and the Safaito-Hismaic Baal Cycle poem, show strong structural and stylistic similarities to Quranic Saj'.<ref name=":1">[https://phoenixblog.typepad.com/blog/2016/07/the-quran-in-relation-to-pre-islamic-poetry.html ''The Quran in relation to Pre-Islamic poetry.''] PhDniX's blog. Marijn van Putten. 07/23/2016</ref> Such as the Baal Cycle poem which features a 4-4-4 stress pattern and a triadic rhyme closely resembling Quranic Saj', and the En Avdat inscription which is harder to classify but still shows comparable features, with a 3-3-3 stress pattern and a looser triadic rhyme, which also preserves older case vowels, revealing a dialect distinct from Safaitic.<ref name=":1" /> He notes that these findings suggest that the Quran’s poetic style did not emerge in isolation, but rather continued an existing Pre-Islamic Arabic poetic tradition, reflected across different dialects.<ref name=":1" />
+Van Putten (2016) notes that while there are differences in style in the Qur'an from typical formal pre-Islamic Classical Arabic poetry as recorded in Islamic tradition (which we often can't be certain if it actually pre-Islamic or even in a dialect similar to that of the Quran), which adheres strictly to a quantitative meter, confirmed pre-Islamic Arabian inscriptions such as the En Avdat text and the Safaito-Hismaic Baal Cycle poem, show strong structural and stylistic similarities to Quranic Saj'.<ref name=":1">[https://phoenixblog.typepad.com/blog/2016/07/the-quran-in-relation-to-pre-islamic-poetry.html ''The Quran in relation to Pre-Islamic poetry.''] PhDniX's blog. Marijn van Putten. 07/23/2016</ref> One example is the Baal Cycle poem which features a 4-4-4 stress pattern and a triadic rhyme closely resembling Quranic Saj', and the En Avdat inscription which is harder to classify but still shows comparable features, with a 3-3-3 stress pattern and a looser triadic rhyme, which also preserves older case vowels, revealing a dialect distinct from Safaitic.<ref name=":1" /> He notes that these findings suggest that the Quran’s poetic style did not emerge in isolation, but rather continued an existing Pre-Islamic Arabic poetic tradition, reflected across different dialects.<ref name=":1" />
 ==See also==