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...igs and apes) and at the hand of [[Muhammad]] (being executed, expelled, [[Slavery|enslaved]], and extorted by [[Sahabah|Muhammad's companions]] in [[Medina]] ...Arabia. This, they argue, contrasts sharply with the much later [[hadith]] sources which are frequently intensely vitriolic in their address of Jews and recor

...igs and apes) and at the hand of [[Muhammad]] (being executed, expelled, [[Slavery|enslaved]], and extorted by [[Sahabah|Muhammad's companions]] in [[Medina]] ...Arabia. This, they argue, contrasts sharply with the much later [[hadith]] sources which are frequently intensely vitriolic in their address of Jews and recor

...men who are taken prisoners; he can have them put to death, reduce them to slavery, free them in return for a ransom or grant them their freedom as a gift. .. ...of the school founded by Ibn Hanbal, he sought the return of Islam to its sources, the Qur'an and the Sunnah.

...men who are taken prisoners; he can have them put to death, reduce them to slavery, free them in return for a ransom or grant them their freedom as a gift. .. ...of the school founded by Ibn Hanbal, he sought the return of Islam to its sources, the Qur'an and the Sunnah.

...s, for although the widowed Aisha continued to wear similar clothes, her [[Slavery|slave]] refused to wear such a coarse gown in the house.<ref>{{Bukhari|3|47 ...uir, W. (1924). ''The Caliphate: its Rise, Decline, and Fall from Original Sources'', 2nd Ed., pp. 77, 78, 82. Edinburgh: John Grant.]</ref> Umar was so viole

...has consecrated despotism; it has consecrated polygamy; it has consecrated slavery. It has declared war against every other creed; it has claimed to be at le ...mpire, is known for the quality and irony of its prose, its use of primary sources.