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List of Abrogations in the Qur'an: Difference between revisions
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List of Abrogations in the Qur'an (view source)
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==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
Throughout its history Islamic theology has suffered disagreement about the scope and definition of [[Abrogation|abrogation]] (Arabic: Naskh) of Qur'anic verses. Opinions on the number of abrogated verses have ranged from zero or five verses to hundreds. The | Throughout its history Islamic theology has suffered disagreement about the scope and definition of [[Abrogation|abrogation]] (Arabic: Naskh) of Qur'anic verses. Opinions on the number of abrogated verses have ranged from zero or five verses to hundreds. The "verse of the sword" (see below) was considered to have abrogated a large number of verses according to scholars at the upper end of the range. On this page we present lists according to two of the most important scholarly opinions: those of Al-Suyuti (d.1505 CE) and Ibn Salama (d. 1019 CE). | ||
Dr David Powers notes the following regarding the highs and lows of abrogation in the Qur'an. | Dr David Powers notes the following regarding the highs and lows of abrogation in the Qur'an. | ||
{{Quote|1=Dr David Powers<ref>Powers, D.S, "The Exergetical Genre nasikh al-Qur'an", pp.122-126 in Rippen, A (ed.), "Approaches to the History of the Interpretation of the Qur'an", Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1988</ref>|2=The number of verses that are considered to have been abrogated increased dramatically between the eighth and eleventh centuries (al-Zuhri mentions 42 abrogated verses, al-Nahhas 138, and Ibn Salama, 238), at which point an upper limit seems to have been reached (Ibn ‘Ata’iqi identifies 231 abrogated verses, and al-Farsi, 248). | {{Quote|1=Dr David Powers, ''The Exergetical Genre nasikh al-Qur'an''<ref>Powers, D.S, "The Exergetical Genre nasikh al-Qur'an", pp.122-126 in Rippen, A (ed.), "Approaches to the History of the Interpretation of the Qur'an", Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1988</ref>|2=The number of verses that are considered to have been abrogated increased dramatically between the eighth and eleventh centuries (al-Zuhri mentions 42 abrogated verses, al-Nahhas 138, and Ibn Salama, 238), at which point an upper limit seems to have been reached (Ibn ‘Ata’iqi identifies 231 abrogated verses, and al-Farsi, 248). | ||
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There is also considerable disagreement over the scope of abrogation within the Qur’an itself. At one extreme, there were apparently certain people who argued that ‘the Qur’an does not contain either an abrogated or an abrogating verse’; these people, according to Ibn Salama, ‘have deviated from the truth and by virtue of their lying, have turned away from God’. | There is also considerable disagreement over the scope of abrogation within the Qur’an itself. At one extreme, there were apparently certain people who argued that ‘the Qur’an does not contain either an abrogated or an abrogating verse’; these people, according to Ibn Salama, ‘have deviated from the truth and by virtue of their lying, have turned away from God’. | ||
At the other extreme were those scholars who maintained that any narrative, positive command, or prohibition in the Qur’an may be abrogated.}} | At the other extreme were those scholars who maintained that any narrative, positive command, or prohibition in the Qur’an may be abrogated.}} | ||
==Abrogated Verses== | ==Abrogated Verses== | ||
===According to Al-Suyuti ( | ===According to Al-Suyuti (21 verses)=== | ||
The | The 21 abrogated verses listed by Al-Suyuti (d.1515 CE) in his Al-Itqān fi 'Ulum Al-Qur'an are as follows<ref>As-Suyuti, Al-Itqan fii Ulum al-Qur'an (pp.6-9 of the chapter on Nasikh and Mansukh in the abridged English translation of Al-Itqan by Muneer Fareed)</ref>: | ||
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" align="center" width = "100%" class=wikitable | {| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" align="center" width = "100%" class=wikitable | ||
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|{{Quran|2|217}} | |{{Quran|2|217}} | ||
|They ask thee concerning fighting in the Prohibited Month. Say: "Fighting therein is a grave (offence); but graver is it in the sight of Allah to prevent access to the path of Allah, to deny Him, to prevent access to the Sacred Mosque, and drive out its members." Tumult and oppression are worse than slaughter. Nor will they cease fighting you until they turn you back from your faith if they can. And if any of you Turn back from their faith and die in unbelief, their works will bear no fruit in this life and in the Hereafter; they will be companions of the Fire and will abide therein. | |They ask thee concerning fighting in the Prohibited Month. Say: "Fighting therein is a grave (offence); but graver is it in the sight of Allah to prevent access to the path of Allah, to deny Him, to prevent access to the Sacred Mosque, and drive out its members." Tumult and oppression are worse than slaughter. Nor will they cease fighting you until they turn you back from your faith if they can. And if any of you Turn back from their faith and die in unbelief, their works will bear no fruit in this life and in the Hereafter; they will be companions of the Fire and will abide therein. | ||
|{{Quran|9| | |{{Quran|9|36}} | ||
| | |The number of months in the sight of Allah is twelve (in a year)- so ordained by Him the day He created the heavens and the earth; of them four are sacred: that is the straight usage. So wrong not yourselves therein, and fight the Pagans all together as they fight you all together. But know that Allah is with those who restrain themselves. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|{{Quran|2|240}} | |||
|Those of you who die and leave widows should bequeath for their widows a year's maintenance and residence; but if they leave (The residence), there is no blame on you for what they do with themselves, provided it is reasonable. And Allah is Exalted in Power, Wise. | |||
|{{Quran|2|234}} | |{{Quran|2|234}} | ||
|If any of you die and leave widows behind, they shall wait concerning themselves four months and ten days: When they have fulfilled their term, there is no blame on you if they dispose of themselves in a just and reasonable manner. And Allah is well acquainted with what ye do. | |If any of you die and leave widows behind, they shall wait concerning themselves four months and ten days: When they have fulfilled their term, there is no blame on you if they dispose of themselves in a just and reasonable manner. And Allah is well acquainted with what ye do. | ||
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|{{Quran|5|2}} | |{{Quran|5|2}} | ||
|O ye who believe! Violate not the sanctity of the symbols of Allah, nor of the sacred month, nor of the animals brought for sacrifice, nor the garlands that mark out such animals, nor the people resorting to the sacred house, seeking of the bounty and good pleasure of their Lord. But when ye are clear of the sacred precincts and of pilgrim garb, ye may hunt and let not the hatred of some people in (once) shutting you out of the Sacred Mosque lead you to transgression (and hostility on your part). Help ye one another in righteousness and piety, but help ye not one another in sin and rancour: fear Allah: for Allah is strict in punishment. | |O ye who believe! Violate not the sanctity of the symbols of Allah, nor of the sacred month, nor of the animals brought for sacrifice, nor the garlands that mark out such animals, nor the people resorting to the sacred house, seeking of the bounty and good pleasure of their Lord. But when ye are clear of the sacred precincts and of pilgrim garb, ye may hunt and let not the hatred of some people in (once) shutting you out of the Sacred Mosque lead you to transgression (and hostility on your part). Help ye one another in righteousness and piety, but help ye not one another in sin and rancour: fear Allah: for Allah is strict in punishment. | ||
|{{Quran|9| | |{{Quran|9|36}} | ||
| | |The number of months in the sight of Allah is twelve (in a year)- so ordained by Him the day He created the heavens and the earth; of them four are sacred: that is the straight usage. So wrong not yourselves therein, and fight the Pagans all together as they fight you all together. But know that Allah is with those who restrain themselves. | ||
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|{{Quran|5|42}} | |{{Quran|5|42}} | ||
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|For the present, Allah hath lightened your (task), for He knoweth that there is a weak spot in you: But (even so), if there are a hundred of you, patient and persevering, they will vanquish two hundred, and if a thousand, they will vanquish two thousand, with the leave of Allah: for Allah is with those who patiently persevere. | |For the present, Allah hath lightened your (task), for He knoweth that there is a weak spot in you: But (even so), if there are a hundred of you, patient and persevering, they will vanquish two hundred, and if a thousand, they will vanquish two thousand, with the leave of Allah: for Allah is with those who patiently persevere. | ||
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|{{Quran|9|41}} | |{{Quran|9|41}} | ||
|Go ye forth, (whether equipped) lightly or heavily, and strive and struggle, with your goods and your persons, in the cause of Allah. That is best for you, if ye (but) knew. | |Go ye forth, (whether equipped) lightly or heavily, and strive and struggle, with your goods and your persons, in the cause of Allah. That is best for you, if ye (but) knew. | ||
|{{Quran|9|122}} | |{{Quran|9|91}} and {{Quran|9|122}} and {{Quran|24|61}} | ||
|Nor should the Believers all go forth together: if a contingent from every expedition remained behind, they could devote themselves to studies in religion, and admonish the people when they return to them,- that thus they (may learn) to guard themselves (against evil). | |There is no blame on those who are infirm, or ill, or who find no resources to spend (on the cause), if they are sincere (in duty) to Allah and His Messenger: no ground (of complaint) can there be against such as do right: and Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful. | ||
and | |||
Nor should the Believers all go forth together: if a contingent from every expedition remained behind, they could devote themselves to studies in religion, and admonish the people when they return to them,- that thus they (may learn) to guard themselves (against evil). | |||
and | |||
It is no fault in the blind nor in one born lame, nor in one afflicted with illness, nor in yourselves, that ye should eat in your own houses, or those of your fathers, or your mothers, or your brothers, or your sisters, or your father's brothers or your father's sisters, or your mother's brothers, or your mother's sisters, or in houses of which the keys are in your possession, or in the house of a sincere friend of yours: there is no blame on you, whether ye eat in company or separately. But if ye enter houses, salute each other - a greeting of blessing and purity as from Allah. Thus does Allah make clear the signs to you: that ye may understand. | |||
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|{{Quran|24|3}} | |{{Quran|24|3}} | ||
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|{{Quran|24|32}} | |{{Quran|24|32}} | ||
|Marry those among you who are single, or the virtuous ones among yourselves, male or female: if they are in poverty, Allah will give them means out of His grace: for Allah encompasseth all, and he knoweth all things. | |Marry those among you who are single, or the virtuous ones among yourselves, male or female: if they are in poverty, Allah will give them means out of His grace: for Allah encompasseth all, and he knoweth all things. | ||
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|{{Quran|24|58}} | |||
|O ye who believe! let those whom your right hands possess, and the (children) among you who have not come of age ask your permission (before they come to your presence), on three occasions: before morning prayer; the while ye doff your clothes for the noonday heat; and after the late-night prayer: these are your three times of undress: outside those times it is not wrong for you or for them to move about attending to each other: Thus does Allah make clear the Signs to you: for Allah is full of knowledge and wisdom. | |||
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|{{Quran|33|52}} | |{{Quran|33|52}} | ||
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[[Category:Qur'an]] | [[Category:Qur'an]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Abrogation]] | ||
[[ru:Список отмененных аятов]] | [[ru:Список отмененных аятов]] | ||